Israel Pushes for Expanding UNIFIL Mandate in Lebanon

UNIFIL forces in southern Lebanon (Reuters)
UNIFIL forces in southern Lebanon (Reuters)
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Israel Pushes for Expanding UNIFIL Mandate in Lebanon

UNIFIL forces in southern Lebanon (Reuters)
UNIFIL forces in southern Lebanon (Reuters)

Israel is pushing to expand the UN Interim Force’s (UNIFIL) mandate in Lebanon to include Hezbollah military posts.

Tel Aviv is asking France, which holds the Lebanon portfolio in the UN Security Council, to include the military posts that Hezbollah has placed along the border, hidden inside cargo containers under UNIFIL's mandate.

Political sources in Tel Aviv said on Friday that Israel's request from France came within the framework of preparing to extend the mandate of UNIFIL so that the peacekeepers can reach the Israeli border freely without requiring permission from the Lebanese army.

On Wednesday, the Treasury Department's Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) designated Green Without Borders (GWB) a terrorist organization.

Israel claimed GWB is affiliated with Hezbollah and established about 30 containers along the Blue Line, which it uses for surveillance.

Tel Aviv considered them military sites that could be used to launch military action against Israel and destabilize the region.

The sources revealed that Israeli army representatives made this request to UNIFIL before heading to France, but the response was that they are currently dealing with these containers as "only obscuring vision."

Israel indicated that refusing to recognize these containers as Hezbollah military sites prevents UNIFIL from accessing them, leading to confrontation, warning that "granting legitimacy to Hezbollah's presence at the border increases the possibility of war."

The official channel, Kan 11, stated that there is an understanding of Israel's concern among the member states of the Security Council, especially the United States and Britain.

OFAC claimed the Organization supported and covered Hezbollah's operations in southern Lebanon along the Blue Line between Lebanon and Israel over the last decade while publicly operating under the guise of environmental activism.

The statement indicated that Hezbollah members conduct weapons training at firing ranges at the GWB outposts, patrol the surrounding area, and maintain containerized housing units 25 meters from the Blue Line.

Earlier, UNIFIL Head of Mission and Force Commander Major General Aroldo Lazaro chaired a Tripartite meeting with senior officers of the Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF) and Israeli forces at a UN position in Ras al-Naqoura.

Discussions focused on the situation along the Blue Line, air and ground violations, and other issues within UNIFIL's mandate under UN Security Council Resolution 1701 (2006) and subsequent resolutions.

UNIFIL said in a statement that Lazaro expressed his concern over a series of incidents along the Blue Line in recent months which have increased tension.

"The UNIFIL chief urged the parties to continue to avail of UNIFIL's liaison and coordination mechanisms while avoiding unilateral actions."

He also appealed for engagement in Blue Line talks to address outstanding issues.

The statement indicated that "since the end of the 2006 war in south Lebanon, regular Tripartite meetings have been held under UNIFIL's auspices as an essential conflict-management and confidence-building mechanism."

The Security Council is expected to issue a resolution to renew the UNIFIL mandate.

In August 2006, the UN Security Council formed UNIFIL under Resolution 1701 and stipulated the deployment of 15,000 international peacekeepers.



Hamas to Conceal Identity of Sinwar’s Successor, Five Candidates Considered

Yahya Sinwar in a file photo taken in Gaza on October 21, 2011 (AP)
Yahya Sinwar in a file photo taken in Gaza on October 21, 2011 (AP)
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Hamas to Conceal Identity of Sinwar’s Successor, Five Candidates Considered

Yahya Sinwar in a file photo taken in Gaza on October 21, 2011 (AP)
Yahya Sinwar in a file photo taken in Gaza on October 21, 2011 (AP)

Hamas is set to keep the identity of its new political bureau chief secret after Israel assassinated Yehya Sinwar, the group’s Gaza leader, on Wednesday.

This follows the killing of former political chief Ismail Haniyeh in Tehran less than three months ago.

Sources told Asharq Al-Awsat that Hamas leaders are discussing the decision to hide the new leader’s name due to growing security risks.

“The leadership is likely to keep the identity confidential for safety reasons,” one source said.

The move is aimed at giving the new chief more freedom to operate and avoiding Israeli assassination attempts, which have targeted many of Hamas’ leaders.

The secrecy is also expected to help maintain internal order and protect the group’s structure.

Hamas wants to keep Israel uncertain about who will make decisions if talks resume on a ceasefire and a prisoner exchange in Gaza.

Since Friday, after officially announcing Sinwar’s death, Hamas leaders have been discussing who will replace him and whether to reveal their identity.

Sinwar was appointed about three months ago to send a defiant message to Israel and to show Hamas’ commitment to its “Al-Aqsa Flood” campaign.

His selection also aimed to reduce pressure on the group’s external leadership, which faces Israeli threats, political pressure from mediators, and calls for host countries to expel Hamas leaders.

Potential Successors:

Darwish, the ‘Shadow Man’

Several candidates are being considered to replace Sinwar, who faced no competition for Hamas’ political leadership after Haniyeh’s assassination in Tehran on July 31.

The focus is now on Mohammad Darwish (Abu Omar Hassan), head of Hamas’ Shura Council. He was relatively unknown until gaining attention after Haniyeh’s death.

Many believe he has a strong chance, having appeared in recent official meetings ahead of some long-standing leaders.

A Hamas source said Darwish, once seen as the “shadow man,” is now taking on a more prominent role, receiving visitors and leading key activities.

Darwish spent much of his life abroad and was closely tied to the Muslim Brotherhood, from which Hamas originally emerged. Hamas later revised its charter and distanced itself from the Brotherhood.

Khalil al-Hayya: Sinwar’s Deputy

Alongside Darwish, Khalil al-Hayya is seen as a key contender, believed to be Sinwar’s deputy. Al-Hayya became a leading figure in Gaza after Sinwar’s disappearance and assassination.

A veteran political leader in Gaza, al-Hayya became Sinwar’s deputy and a close ally. He now leads Hamas in Gaza and is in charge of ceasefire negotiations and a potential prisoner exchange.

Al-Hayya has represented the group on key occasions, including speeches marking the October 7 attack and mourning Sinwar, calling him “the leader of the Al-Aqsa Flood battle.”

He promised that Hamas would continue its fight for full Palestinian liberation and a state with Jerusalem as its capital.

Al-Hayya also stated that Israeli prisoners held by Hamas would not be released unless Israel halts its offensive on Gaza, withdraws, and frees Palestinian prisoners.

Known as a political hardliner, al-Hayya, like Sinwar, supports strong ties with Iran.

Khaled Meshaal: Closer to the Muslim Brotherhood than Iran

In addition to al-Hayya and Darwish, Khaled Meshaal, Mousa Abu Marzouk, and Mohammad Nazzal are also possible candidates to lead Hamas.

Meshaal led Hamas’ political bureau for about 21 years and now heads the group’s external branch.

After Haniyeh’s assassination, Meshaal reportedly declined the leadership role due to health reasons and the current situation. It is unclear if he will now step in after Sinwar's death.

Meshaal is widely known politically and is seen as more connected to the Muslim Brotherhood than to Iran.

Mohammad Nazzal: A Hardliner in Hamas

Mohammad Nazzal’s influence was evident in the recent elections.

Born and raised in Amman, Jordan, Nazzal is originally from the West Bank and studied in Kuwait. He joined Hamas at its founding and has been a member of the political bureau since 1996. Nazzal is regarded as one of the hardliners within the group.

Mousa Abu Marzouk: First Head of the Political Bureau

Mousa Abu Marzouk is another candidate for leadership. He co-founded Hamas in 1987 and was its first head of the political bureau.

He currently serves as the deputy head of Hamas’ external branch. Born in 1951 in the Rafah refugee camp, his family was displaced from a village near Ramla.

It is expected that the next Hamas leader will be chosen from among these candidates rather than from Gaza, especially given the communication breakdown with some leaders in the territory.

Hamas has a system for selecting successors for vacant positions.

Hiding the Identity of Hamas' Leader

Hamas began concealing the identity of its leader in 2004 after Israel assassinated founder Ahmed Yassin on March 22, followed by his successor, Abdel Aziz al-Rantisi, on April 17.

For a long time, Hamas did not disclose the name of its leader in Palestine to avoid Israeli targeting.

Sinwar was killed on October 17, a major setback for Hamas that came just three months after former political chief Ismail Haniyeh was assassinated in Tehran.

Sinwar’s death has prompted Hamas to start extensive consultations to shape its future approach to the ongoing conflict and ceasefire negotiations.

This shift returned decision-making power to the external leadership after Gaza had been the focus.

Future decisions are likely to involve broader discussions, especially with the absence of influential historical leaders. While not indicating a collective leadership model like Hezbollah's in Lebanon, it suggests a move towards more inclusive consultation.

Since its founding in 1987, Hamas has had four leaders of the political bureau: Abu Marzouk (1992-1996), Meshaal (1996-2017), Haniyeh (2017 until his assassination), and Sinwar. A fifth leader is expected to be chosen soon.