Burhan in Cairo, Hemedti in Tripoli... What Are The Goals of The Two Visits?

 Sisi and Burhan at the Ittihadiya Palace in Cairo (Egyptian Presidency)
 Sisi and Burhan at the Ittihadiya Palace in Cairo (Egyptian Presidency)
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Burhan in Cairo, Hemedti in Tripoli... What Are The Goals of The Two Visits?

 Sisi and Burhan at the Ittihadiya Palace in Cairo (Egyptian Presidency)
 Sisi and Burhan at the Ittihadiya Palace in Cairo (Egyptian Presidency)

The two parties to the Sudanese war conducted parallel visits to neighboring countries. Egyptian President Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi received, in Cairo, on Thursday, the head of the Sudanese Transitional Sovereignty Council, Lieutenant General Abdel Fattah Al-Burhan.
At the same time, the commander of the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo (Hemedti), met with the head of the Libyan National Unity government, Abdul Hamid Al-Dabaiba, in Tripoli.
The two visits come as efforts to reach a political settlement to end the war, which is close to completing its first year, continue to falter.
Al-Burhan’s visit to Cairo carries several political meanings in light of “the absence of international interest in the Sudanese crisis,” according to the Secretary of the Foreign Relations Committee in the Parliament, MP Sahar Al-Bazzar.
In remarks to Asharq Al-Awsat, Al-Bazzar said: “The issue of resuming political dialogue is at the forefront, especially since Egypt is considered a channel of communication between the Sudanese army and international parties.”
Each side of the conflict is trying to “rally regional support for its position,” according to Sudanese expert Mohammad Turshin.
“There are multiple repercussions of the war in Sudan that affect various regional parties, and therefore there is an interest in quickly resolving it, which is something that Sudanese military leaders are aware of, and are working to exploit to strengthen their positions,” he stated.
The member of the Egyptian Council for Foreign Affairs, Ambassador Salah Halima, told Asharq Al-Awsat that regional positions have a major impact on the internal Sudanese scene.
He said: “Despite the failure of regional initiatives and moves to bring Al-Burhan and Hemedti to the negotiating table, each of them seeks to make a greater impact on the Sudanese scene, whether inside or outside the country.”
Halima added: “The faltering of the multiple initiatives for various reasons, and the failure of the actions of the Intergovernmental Authority for Development (IGAD)... all push towards the search for alternative paths and dialogue with both sides of the crisis.”
Expert on African affairs at the Al-Ahram Center for Political and Strategic Studies, Amani Al-Taweel, said that the Cairo and Tripoli meetings pointed to some “regional interaction, and the entry of Libya, represented by the Dabaiba government, as a new party in order to help reach a settlement, as part of the new Arab endeavor in the Sudanese file.”
“The Arab efforts in recent days come as a continuation of the meeting that took place in Manama, last month, and brought together Al-Burhan’s deputy, Shams al-Din al-Kabashi, and the second commander of the Rapid Support Forces, Abdul Rahim Dagalo,” Taweel said, stressing that ending the crisis in Sudan was a priority for Egyptian foreign policy.

 

 



Iraq Launches Its First National Census in Nearly Four Decades

Workers prepare to collect information from the public as Iraq began its first nationwide population census in decades, in Baghdad, Iraq Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2024. (AP)
Workers prepare to collect information from the public as Iraq began its first nationwide population census in decades, in Baghdad, Iraq Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2024. (AP)
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Iraq Launches Its First National Census in Nearly Four Decades

Workers prepare to collect information from the public as Iraq began its first nationwide population census in decades, in Baghdad, Iraq Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2024. (AP)
Workers prepare to collect information from the public as Iraq began its first nationwide population census in decades, in Baghdad, Iraq Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2024. (AP)

Iraq began its first nationwide population census in decades Wednesday, a step aimed at modernizing data collection and planning in a country long impacted by conflict and political divisions.

The act of counting the population is also contentious. The census is expected to have profound implications for Iraq’s resource distribution, budget allocations and development planning.

Minority groups fear that a documented decline in their numbers will bring decreased political influence and fewer economic benefits in the country’s sectarian power-sharing system.

The count in territories such as Kirkuk, Diyala and Mosul -- where control is disputed between the central government in Baghdad and the semi-autonomous Kurdish regional government in the north -- has drawn intense scrutiny.

Ali Arian Saleh, the executive director of the census at the Ministry of Planning, said agreements on how to conduct the count in the disputed areas were reached in meetings involving Iraq’s prime minister, president and senior officials from the Kurdish region.

“Researchers from all major ethnic groups — Kurds, Arabs, Turkmen, and Christians — will conduct the census in these areas to ensure fairness,” he said.

The last nationwide census in Iraq was held in 1987. Another one held in 1997 excluded the Kurdish region.

The new census “charts a developmental map for the future and sends a message of stability,” Planning Minister Mohammed Tamim said in a televised address.

The census will be the first to employ advanced technologies for gathering and analyzing data, providing a comprehensive picture of Iraq’s demographic, social, and economic landscape, officials say. Some 120,000 census workers will survey households across the country, covering approximately 160 housing units each over two days.

The Interior Ministry announced a nationwide curfew during the census period, restricting movement of citizens, vehicles and trains between cities, districts and rural areas, with exceptions for humanitarian cases.

The count will be carried out using the “de jure” method, in which people are counted in their usual area of residence, Saleh said.

That means that people internally displaced by years of war will be counted in the areas where they have since settled, not in their original communities. The census will not include Iraqis residing abroad or those forcibly displaced to other countries.

Saleh estimated Iraq’s population at 44.5 million and said the Kurdish region’s share of the national budget — currently 12% — is based on an estimated population of 6 million. The census will also clarify the number of public employees in the region.

By order of Iraq’s federal court, the census excluded questions about ethnicity and sectarian affiliation, focusing solely on broad religious categories such as Muslim and Christian.

“This approach is intended to prevent tensions and ensure the census serves developmental rather than divisive goals,” Saleh said. The census will be monitored by international observers who will travel across Iraq’s provinces to assess the data quality, he said.

Hogr Chato, director of the Irbil-based Public Aid Organization, said the census will reshape the map of political thinking and future decision making.

“Even though some leaders deny it, the data will inevitably have political and economic implications,” he said. “It’s also fair to allocate budgets based on population numbers, as areas with larger populations or those impacted by war need more resources.”

Chato said he believes the delays in conducting the census were not only due to security concerns but also political considerations. “There was data they didn’t want to make public, such as poverty levels in each governorate,” he said.

Ahead of the census, leaders in Iraq’s various communities urged people to be counted.

In Baghdad’s Adhamiyah district, Abdul Wahhab al-Samarrai, preacher at Imam Abu Hanifa Mosque, urged citizens to cooperate with the census.

“This is a duty for every Muslim to ensure the rights of future generations,” he said in a Friday sermon the week before the count.