Egypt to Promote Cooperation with Djibouti, Somalia

Egypt on Friday inaugurated a direct flight between Cairo, Djibouti and Mogadishu (Egyptian Civil Aviation Ministry)
Egypt on Friday inaugurated a direct flight between Cairo, Djibouti and Mogadishu (Egyptian Civil Aviation Ministry)
TT

Egypt to Promote Cooperation with Djibouti, Somalia

Egypt on Friday inaugurated a direct flight between Cairo, Djibouti and Mogadishu (Egyptian Civil Aviation Ministry)
Egypt on Friday inaugurated a direct flight between Cairo, Djibouti and Mogadishu (Egyptian Civil Aviation Ministry)

In a move aimed at boosting cooperation with the countries of the Horn of Africa, Egypt on Friday inaugurated a direct flight between Cairo, Djibouti and Mogadishu.
The move, according to experts, has political and security dimensions, in light of developments in the Horn of Africa and the Red Sea region.
It also reflects Egypt’s plans to support its security, economic and commercial interests in the region.
On Friday, Egyptian Foreign Minister Badr Abdelatty accompanied by Minister of Civil Aviation Sameh al-Hefny, embarked on a tour operated by EgyptAir to Djibouti and Mogadishu, marking the first direct flights between Egypt and these two African nations.
“The inauguration of this direct flight line between Egypt and both Djibouti and Somalia comes within the framework of keenness to strengthen the bonds of cooperation and ties between the peoples of the three countries,” the Foreign Ministry said in a statement.
It also reflects the historical and deep relations between Egypt and both nations, the Ministry added.
Deputy President of the Egyptian Council for African Affairs, Ambassador Salah Halima, spoke about the political implications of Egypt’s decision to launch direct flights to Somalia and Djibouti.
“It reflects Cairo's plans to strengthen relations in the economic, commercial and security spheres. Such a move has a positive impact in facilitating the movement of people and promoting commercial activity with the two countries,” Halima told Asharq Al-Awsat.
Also, he said, Egypt’s decision to strengthen cooperation with Somalia and Djibouti has “mainly security interests while Cairo aims to address security threats in the Horn of Africa.”
Economic and commercial interests come in second place, Halima said, noting that Somalia and Djibouti face many security challenges in light of the developments in the Horn of Africa and the Red Sea.
“The Egyptian move stems from the fact that both countries are part of the Egyptian national security,” he noted.
Halima then said there is a link between regional developments, such as the Gaza war, the Sudan crisis, the security situation in the Red Sea, the Ethiopian-Somali tension, and Egypt's moves towards strengthening its relations with the Horn of Africa.
“Therefore, cooperation between Cairo, Djibouti and Mogadishu has political and security dimensions,” he noted.
Earlier, Egypt emphasized the importance of achieving security, stability, and peace in Somalia as a fundamental pillar for security and stability in the entire region.
This came after Ethiopia signed a memorandum of understanding with Somaliland that would give Addis Ababa access to the Red Sea, a key waterway for global trade. In return, Ethiopia would consider recognizing Somaliland's independence.
Salah Khalil, researcher at Al-Ahram Center for Social and Historical Studies, told Asharq Al-Awsat that the launch of a direct flight between Egypt and both Somalia and Djibouti is an important step that reflects the level of good relations between the three countries.
“While regional and international parties and powers compete in the Horn of Africa, Cairo seeks to preserve its interests,” Khalil explained.
He said Egypt is monitoring the situation in the region, and it provides cooperation programs to support the public institutions of regional countries; including rehabilitation programs and training for Somali cadres in various security and diplomatic fields.



Israeli Occupation of Palestinian Territory ‘Illegal’, Says UN Top Court

The panel of judges, with President Nawaf Salam (C), at the International Court of Justice in The Hague, the Netherlands, during a non-binding ruling on the legal consequences of the Israeli occupation of the West Bank and East Jerusalem, 19 July 2024. (EPA)
The panel of judges, with President Nawaf Salam (C), at the International Court of Justice in The Hague, the Netherlands, during a non-binding ruling on the legal consequences of the Israeli occupation of the West Bank and East Jerusalem, 19 July 2024. (EPA)
TT

Israeli Occupation of Palestinian Territory ‘Illegal’, Says UN Top Court

The panel of judges, with President Nawaf Salam (C), at the International Court of Justice in The Hague, the Netherlands, during a non-binding ruling on the legal consequences of the Israeli occupation of the West Bank and East Jerusalem, 19 July 2024. (EPA)
The panel of judges, with President Nawaf Salam (C), at the International Court of Justice in The Hague, the Netherlands, during a non-binding ruling on the legal consequences of the Israeli occupation of the West Bank and East Jerusalem, 19 July 2024. (EPA)

The UN's top court, in a sweeping opinion on Friday, said that Israel's decades-long occupation of Palestinian territory was "illegal" and needed to end as soon as possible.

The advisory opinion by The Hague-based International Court of Justice was immediately slammed as a "decision of lies" by Israel, but welcomed by the Palestinian presidency, which called it "historic".

The ICJ's statement, called an "advisory opinion", is not binding, but it comes amid mounting concern over the death toll and destruction in Israel's war against Hamas sparked by the group's brutal October 7 attacks.

It is also likely to increase diplomatic pressure on Israel, whose lawmakers on Thursday voted to oppose a Palestinian state, calling it an "existential threat".

In The Hague, ICJ presiding judge Nawaf Salam said: "The court has found... that Israel's continued presence in the Palestinian Territories is illegal."

Israel is "under the obligation to bring to an end its unlawful presence as rapidly as possible," the judge said in its finding, read at the Peace Palace, seat of the ICJ.

The ICJ added that Israel was "under an obligation to cease immediately all new settlement activities and to evacuate all settlers" from occupied land.

Israel's policies and practices, including the maintenance of a wall between the territories, "amount to annexation of large parts" of the occupied territory, the court said.

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu slammed the ICJ's opinion as a "decision of lies".

"The Jewish people are not occupiers in their own land -- not in our eternal capital Jerusalem, nor in our ancestral heritage of Judea and Samaria" (the occupied West Bank), Netanyahu said in a statement.

Palestinian foreign minister Riyad Al-Maliki called it a "watershed moment".

A separate, high-profile case that South Africa has brought before the court alleges that Israel has committed genocidal acts during its Gaza offensive.

South Africa, in a statement, called upon the international community "to bring an immediate end to the occupation and the gross violations of international humanitarian and human rights law being perpetrated by Israel against the Palestinian people".

- 'Extreme danger' -

In late 2022, the UN's General Assembly asked the ICJ to give an "advisory opinion" on the "legal consequences arising from the policies and practices of Israel in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem".

The ICJ held a week-long session in February to hear submissions from countries following the request -- supported by most countries within the Assembly.

During the hearings, most speakers called on Israel to end its 57-year occupation. They warned a prolonged occupation posed an "extreme danger" to stability in the Middle East and beyond.

But the United States said Israel should not be legally obliged to withdraw without taking its "very real security needs" into account.

Israel did not take part in the oral hearings.

- 'Ongoing violation' -

The General Assembly asked the ICJ to consider two questions.

Firstly, the court should examine the legal consequences of what the UN called "the ongoing violation by Israel of the right of the Palestinian people to self-determination".

In its answer, the ICJ's judges said Israel's "unlawful policies and practices are in breach" of its "obligation to respect the rights of the Palestinian people and their right to self-determination".

In June 1967, Israel defeated some of its Arab neighbors in a six-day war, seizing the West Bank and East Jerusalem, at the time annexed by Jordan, the Golan Heights from Syria, and the Gaza Strip and Sinai Peninsula from Egypt.

Israel then began to settle the 70,000 square kilometers (27,000 square miles) of seized Arab territory.

The UN later declared the occupation of Palestinian territory illegal, and Cairo regained Sinai under its 1979 peace deal with Israel.

- 'Restrictions' -

The ICJ also was asked to look into the consequences of what it described as Israel's "adoption of related discriminatory legislation and measures".

In this finding, the ICJ said a "regime of comprehensive restrictions imposed by Israel on Palestinians consisted of systemic discrimination based on race, religion or ethnic origin."

The ICJ rules in disputes between states. Normally, its judgements are binding but it has few means to enforce them.

In this case, however, the opinion is non-binding, although most advisory opinions are in fact acted upon.

The ICJ has previously issued advisory opinions on the legality of Kosovo's 2008 declaration of independence from Serbia and apartheid South Africa's occupation of Namibia.

It also handed down an opinion in 2004 declaring that parts of the wall erected by Israel in the occupied Palestinian territory were illegal and should be torn down.

Israel has not complied with that ICJ ruling.