China’s Xi Promises Open Markets and Billions in New Investments for ‘Belt and Road’ Projects 

Chinese President Xi Jinping and distinguished guests arrive to attend the opening ceremony of the third Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, 18 October 2023. (EPA/Wang Ye/ Xinhua China / UK and Ireland)
Chinese President Xi Jinping and distinguished guests arrive to attend the opening ceremony of the third Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, 18 October 2023. (EPA/Wang Ye/ Xinhua China / UK and Ireland)
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China’s Xi Promises Open Markets and Billions in New Investments for ‘Belt and Road’ Projects 

Chinese President Xi Jinping and distinguished guests arrive to attend the opening ceremony of the third Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, 18 October 2023. (EPA/Wang Ye/ Xinhua China / UK and Ireland)
Chinese President Xi Jinping and distinguished guests arrive to attend the opening ceremony of the third Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, 18 October 2023. (EPA/Wang Ye/ Xinhua China / UK and Ireland)

Chinese President Xi Jinping promised foreign companies greater access to China’s huge market and more than $100 billion in new financing for other developing economies as he opened a forum Wednesday on his signature Belt and Road infrastructure initiative.

Xi's initiative has built power plants, roads, railroads and ports around the world and deepened China’s ties with Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Middle East.

Tt the forum’s opening ceremony at the ornate and cavernous Great Hall of the People, Xi promised that two Chinese-backed development banks – the China Development Bank and the Export–Import Bank of China – will each set up 350 billion yuan ($47.9 billion) financing windows. An additional 80 billion yuan ($11 billion) will be invested in Beijing's Silk Road Fund to support BRI projects.

“We will comprehensively remove restrictions on foreign investment access in the manufacturing sector,” Xi said. He said China would further open up “cross-border trade and investment in services and expand market access for digital products” and carry out reforms of state-owned enterprises and in sectors such as the digital economy, intellectual property rights and government procurement.

The pledges of hefty support from Beijing come at a time when China's economy has slowed and foreign investment has plunged.

Xi alluded to efforts by the United States and its allies to reduce their reliance on Chinese manufacturing and supply chains amid heightened competition and diplomatic frictions and reiterated promises that Beijing would create a fairer environment for foreign firms.

“We do not engage in ideological confrontation, geopolitical games nor clique political confrontation,” Xi said. “We oppose unilateral sanctions, economic coercion and the decoupling and severance of chains,” a reference to moves elsewhere to diversify industrial supply chains.

Reiterating Chinese complaints that such moves are meant to limit China's growth, Xi said that “viewing others’ development as a threat or taking economic interdependence as a risk will not make one’s own life better or speed up one’s development.”

“China can only do well when the world is doing well,” he said. “When China does well, the world will get even better.”

Representatives from more than 130 mostly developing countries are attending the forum, including at least 20 heads of state and government. Russian President Vladimir Putin is attending, reflecting China’s economic and diplomatic support for Moscow amid the isolation brought by its war in Ukraine.

Addressing the forum right after Xi, Putin praised BRI as being “truly important, global, future-oriented, aimed at creating more equitable, multipolar world relations."

“This is truly a global plan,” he said, adding that it aligns with Russia's plan “to form a large Eurasian space, as a space of cooperation and interaction of like-minded people, where a variety of integration processes will be linked.”

He referred to other regional organizations, such as the security-oriented Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), and the Eurasian Economic Union of former Soviet states.

Several European officials including the French and Italian ambassadors to China and former French Prime Minister Jean-Pierre Raffarin walked out while Putin spoke and returned afterwards.

On Tuesday, Putin met with Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán, who is the sole European Union government leader attending the forum. Their meeting was a rare instance of the Russian president meeting a European leader since the start of Russia’s war in Ukraine in February 2022.

Putin met with Xi after the opening ceremony.

Also in attendance are the presidents of Indonesia, Argentina, Kazakstan, Sri Lanka, Kenya among other countries, as well as UN Secretary-General António Guterres. Most Western European countries and US allies sent lower level or former officials to the forum.

Guterres highlighted the BRI’s potential to bring development to neglected areas while stressing the need for projects to be environmentally sustainable. He said the initiative could help drive the transition away from reliance on fossil fuels.

“Developing countries will need massive support for a fair, equitable and just energy transition toward renewables while providing affordable electricity to all,” Guterres said.

He also called for an “immediate, humanitarian” ceasefire in the Israel-Palestine war after a strike killed hundreds at a Gaza City hospital on Tuesday.

With the BRI, China has become a major financer of development projects on a par with the World Bank. The Chinese government says the initiative has launched more than 3,000 projects and “galvanized” nearly $1 trillion in investment.



Saudi Stocks Close Higher at 11,122 Points amid Mixed Performance

A market display screen inside the headquarters of the Saudi Tadawul Group in Riyadh (Asharq Al-Awsat)
A market display screen inside the headquarters of the Saudi Tadawul Group in Riyadh (Asharq Al-Awsat)
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Saudi Stocks Close Higher at 11,122 Points amid Mixed Performance

A market display screen inside the headquarters of the Saudi Tadawul Group in Riyadh (Asharq Al-Awsat)
A market display screen inside the headquarters of the Saudi Tadawul Group in Riyadh (Asharq Al-Awsat)

Saudi Arabia’s main stock index (TASI) ended Sunday’s session up 0.1 percent to close at 11,122 points, with liquidity of about 3.6 billion riyals ($960 million).

Among leading stocks, Al Rajhi Bank rose 1 percent to 69.1 riyals, while SABIC gained 2 percent to 58.4 riyals.

Petro Rabigh topped the list of gainers, rising 10 percent to 12.65 riyals, following the company’s announcement of its first-quarter 2026 financial results.

In contrast, Saudi Aramco, the index’s heaviest-weighted stock, fell 0.22 percent to 27.16 riyals.

Shares of NADEC and Alawwal Bank declined 4 percent each, while Kingdom Holding Company fell 3 percent.

Ban topped the list of decliners, dropping 8 percent.


Saudi Economy Surpasses $1 Trillion Mark, Grows 80% Since Vision 2030’s Launch

The Saudi Center for Competitiveness and Business offers support for investors in the local market (SPA)
The Saudi Center for Competitiveness and Business offers support for investors in the local market (SPA)
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Saudi Economy Surpasses $1 Trillion Mark, Grows 80% Since Vision 2030’s Launch

The Saudi Center for Competitiveness and Business offers support for investors in the local market (SPA)
The Saudi Center for Competitiveness and Business offers support for investors in the local market (SPA)

Saudi Arabia’s economy has surpassed the $1 trillion mark for the first time, expanding by 80 percent since the launch of Vision 2030, according to the Kingdom’s 2025 Vision 2030 report.

The milestone underscores the impact of fiscal reforms and diversification efforts aimed at reducing dependence on oil. Non-oil activities now account for 55 percent of the economy, up from 45 percent in 2016, while non-oil government revenues have risen more than 170 percent, from SAR185.7 billion ($49.5 billion) in 2016 to SAR505 billion ($134.6 billion) last year.

The report said the gains reflected investment in growth sectors, legal reforms and a more attractive business climate.

Fiscal discipline, rising liquidity

Saudi authorities noted that fiscal policy remained anchored in spending discipline and sustainability, with deficit targets ranging between 5 percent and 7 percent of gross domestic product.

Liquidity reached a record SAR3.167 trillion in 2025, up from about SAR1.799 trillion in 2016.

Officials said expansionary spending had been directed toward strategic sectors linked to economic growth and living standards.

Debt low, reserves rise

Despite higher spending, Saudi Arabia has maintained one of the lowest debt burdens in the G20, with public debt below 50 percent of GDP. Foreign reserves rose to SAR1.7 trillion ($453.3 billion), their highest level in five years.

Real GDP growth accelerated from 1.7 percent in 2016 to 4.5 percent last year, the report said.

Competitiveness gains

Saudi Arabia rose 15 places between 2021 and 2025 in the IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook to rank 17th globally, placing fourth among G20 countries last year.

The government introduced more than 1,000 reforms and 1,200 regulatory measures in recent years, including allowing full foreign ownership in most sectors and implementing a new bankruptcy law. The measures improved transparency, dispute resolution and legal certainty for investors.

Saudi Arabia has also expanded support for small and medium-sized enterprises through Monshaat, the SME Bank and Saudi Venture Capital Company.

The number of SMEs exceeded 1.7 million by the end of 2025, employing around 8.88 million people and contributing 22.9 percent to GDP. More than 474,000 businesses are owned by young Saudis, according to the report.

Growth outlook

The International Monetary Fund projects Saudi growth of 3.1 percent this year and 4.5 percent in 2027. The World Bank forecasts growth of 4.3 percent in 2026 and 4.4 percent next year.

The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) expects growth of 4 percent this year and 3.6 percent in 2027. For its part, Saudi Arabia’s Finance Ministry forecasts growth of 4.6 percent in 2026 and 3.7 percent next year.


Vision 2030 Redefines Saudi Arabia's Wealth from Oil Supplier to Global Energy Hub

Solar power in Saudi Arabia (SPA)
Solar power in Saudi Arabia (SPA)
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Vision 2030 Redefines Saudi Arabia's Wealth from Oil Supplier to Global Energy Hub

Solar power in Saudi Arabia (SPA)
Solar power in Saudi Arabia (SPA)

Saudi Arabia has chosen to rethink its relationship with its resources, asking a different question: How can we make what we have work to its fullest potential in a rapidly changing world?

This was the essence of Vision 2030, which saw valuable opportunities in diversifying energy sources and maximizing the value of oil and gas to achieve greater prosperity, keeping pace with global environmental changes.

The first clear sign of this shift was the renaming of the Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources to the Ministry of Energy, a clear indication of expanding the horizon from oil and gas alone to a comprehensive energy system that includes renewables at its core.

A Naturally Qualified Land

This choice was not made without study. The Kingdom possesses geographical enablers that give it an exceptional competitive position: a climate conducive to successful solar energy projects, vast areas suitable for wind power projects, and geographical diversity that contributes to the development of hydrogen energy, all supported by accumulated investment capabilities and research expertise.

On this fertile ground, a series of initiatives and projects were launched: The National Renewable Energy Program, the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques Renewable Energy Initiative, and the establishment of the National Renewable Energy Data Center, followed by solar and wind power projects aimed at enhancing electricity generation efficiency.

The results speak clearly: The production capacity for electricity generation from renewable sources increased from 3 gigawatts in 2020 to 46 gigawatts in 2025. The total number of projects related to this sector reached 64, distributed among 40 solar power projects, 9 wind power projects, and 15 energy storage projects.

Hydrogen: The Big Bet

At the heart of NEOM, an unparalleled project is being born: the green hydrogen project, the largest and first of its kind globally, with a production capacity of 600 tons of green hydrogen per day.

To support this direction, the first phase of the Yanbu Green Hydrogen Hub was launched, equipped with facilities for generating electricity from renewable sources, desalination plants, electrolysis units, facilities for converting hydrogen into green ammonia, and a dedicated export terminal.

The Battery Race

Figures in the energy storage sector are no less exciting; the Kingdom is approaching China in the global battery storage project cost race, with a cost of $409 per kilowatt for projects with a four-hour storage capacity, compared to $404 for China.

The total capacity of proposed energy storage projects reached 30 gigawatt-hours, while 8 gigawatt-hours have been connected to the electricity grid.

In a remarkable achievement, Aramco successfully operated the world's first renewable energy storage system to support gas well production operations, with a capacity of 1 megawatt-hour, capable of supporting 5 wells for 25 years.

This system relies on a Saudi patent and represents a reliable alternative to traditional solar energy solutions, offering high efficiency in harsh climatic conditions and intelligent response to changing energy needs.

SPARK... When Industry Becomes the Value

Vision 2030 recognized that production alone is no longer sufficient, and that true value lies in building industries, localizing supply chains, and enhancing local content. This is where the idea for King Salman Energy Park "SPARK" was born, with investments exceeding 12 billion Saudi Riyals (3.2 billion dollars) and involving more than 60 local and international investors.

SPARK is located in a strategic position close to energy sources, shipping, and export networks, and includes a dry port allowing faster access. So far, 7 factories have been opened, while another 14 are currently under construction.

Balance, Not Compromise

While the world moves towards transitioning to alternatives to oil and gas, the Kingdom adopts a different vision, believing that an accelerated transition could harm global security and growth, given that renewable energy alone cannot fully meet developmental needs.

Therefore, the Kingdom continues to invest in exploring and developing oil fields, most notably the development of the unconventional Jafurah field, the largest of its kind in the Middle East, which will contribute to maximizing the value chains of gas and petrochemical industries.

Thus, the Kingdom walks a fine line, balancing the preservation of global energy supplies with investment in technologies that eliminate carbon emissions, positioning itself today as a comprehensive energy hub and a model of prudent management.