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Red Sea Attacks Hike Up Shipping Insurance Rates

A giant cargo ship near the Red Sea (AFP)
A giant cargo ship near the Red Sea (AFP)
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Red Sea Attacks Hike Up Shipping Insurance Rates

A giant cargo ship near the Red Sea (AFP)
A giant cargo ship near the Red Sea (AFP)

Houthi attacks on commercial ships in the Red Sea hiked the shipping insurance rates, with fees being imposed to cover risks associated with conflicts.
Since last Nov. 19, Iran-backed Houthis have targeted ships in the Red Sea that they suspect are linked to Israel or heading to its ports.
Houthis say their attack is in support of the Gaza Strip, which has been witnessing a war since Oct. 7, 2023.
According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), Red Sea container shipping dropped 30% within a year.
The Red Sea is a vital route that usually carries about 12-15% of global trade, based on European Union figures.
Commercial boats need to obtain three types of insurance: hull insurance covers damage to the vessel, cargo insurance covers the vessel's load, and protection and indemnity insurance includes coverage for damage caused to third parties.
However, Premiums for ships and their cargos have "increased significantly" following the Houthi attacks, according to Frederic Denefle, head of Garex, a French firm specializing in marine risk insurance.
Garex told AFP that they have increased in proportion to the threat level.
Head of Marine and aviation at the Lloyd's Market Association (LMA), Neil Roberts, told AFP that the Red Sea is a Listed Area, meaning that vessels planning to enter must notify their insurers.
Insurance providers can then review the vessel and its voyage and demand an extra war premium on top of normal coverage.
The war premium, however, is limited to a short period.
However, Marsh Marcus Baker's global head of marine, cargo, and logistics explained that this new coverage is usually valid for only seven days, considering that hostilities may escalate.
General Manager of Ascoma International Claire Hamonic indicated that war insurance premiums have multiplied by five to ten times for vessels and cargo crossing the Red Sea.
- Huge sums of money
According to several sources contacted by AFP, the current rate of war risk premium stands at between 0.6 percent and 1.0 percent of the value of the ship.
The amounts can equal a considerable sum when some of the enormous vessels are worth over 100 million euros.
The nationalities of the companies owning or operating the ships are also considered.
Houthis have begun targeting US and UK ships, considering that they have become "legitimate targets" since Washington and London launched joint strikes on Houthi sites inside Yemen several times since Jan. 12.
The US Army alone carries out strikes from time to time that it says target sites or missiles and drones prepared for launch, the most recent of which was last Wednesday.
Head of operations at war insurance specialist Vessel Protect Munro Anderson said that the Houthis expressly indicated that they are targeting US and UK-connected vessels" or those linked to Israel.
Anderson explained that many vessels are flagged or associated with countries that don't carry the same risk profile.
"For example, Chinese connected vessels. Hong Kong Chinese connected vessels, of which there are lots, are trading in that area. Those will be able to add less premium than those connected with Israel, UK and US."
The Houthi strikes have also prompted some shipping companies to detour around southern Africa to avoid the Red Sea.
However, Hamonic warned that the diversion of ships around the Cape of Good Hope could "very possibly lead to a resurgence in piracy in the Indian Ocean."
"That risk extends from just below the Red Sea and towards the coast of Somalia," she added.
The journey takes an additional 10 to 15 days via this route, and sometimes up to 20 days, depending on the vessel's speed.
According to a London Stock Exchange Group report, the cost of a trip from Asia to northwestern Europe increased by 35% for a large container ship, and up 110% for an Aframax, an oil tanker with a deadweight between 80,000 and 120,000 metric.
- Impact on inflation
Meanwhile, analysts from Moody's Investors Services said on Thursday that attacks on merchant vessels in the Red Sea have delayed cargo and sent higher shipping costs, but soft demand and ample ship availability are muting the impact on inflation.
Nevertheless, Daniel Harlid, a transport sector analyst, said diversions are not expected to affect inflation because they are not driven by demand significantly.
Rerouting ships around Africa requires anywhere from 6% to 10% more vessels due to longer sail times, slowing the return of ships to their origination points, and sending on-demand spot rates on some routes up more than 100%.
The increases came off rock-bottom levels, and shipping experts expect them to normalize. Owners who have new ships arriving were struggling to fill existing vessels with cargo before the Houthi attacks began in November.

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Business

China's Finance Ministry: Fiscal Policies Will be More 'Proactive' in 2026

A man walks on a street in Beijing, China, 24 December 2025. EPA/WU HAO
A man walks on a street in Beijing, China, 24 December 2025. EPA/WU HAO
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China's Finance Ministry: Fiscal Policies Will be More 'Proactive' in 2026

A man walks on a street in Beijing, China, 24 December 2025. EPA/WU HAO
A man walks on a street in Beijing, China, 24 December 2025. EPA/WU HAO

China's finance ministry on Sunday said fiscal policies will be more proactive next year, reiterating its focus on domestic demand, technological innovation and a social safety net.

The statement comes as trading partners urge the world's second-biggest economy to reduce its reliance on exports, underscoring the urgency to revive confidence at home where a prolonged property crisis has rippled ⁠through the economy, weighing on sentiment.

China will boost consumption and actively expand investment in new productive forces and people's overall development, the ministry said in a statement after a two-day meeting at which it set ⁠2026 goals.

In addition, Reuters quoted the ministry as saying that it will support innovation to foster new growth engines, and improve the social security system by providing better healthcare and education services.

Other tasks for next year include promoting integration between urban and rural areas, and propelling China's transformation into a greener society.

China is likely to stick to ⁠its annual economic growth target of around 5% in 2026, government advisers and analysts told Reuters, a goal that would require authorities to keep fiscal and monetary spigots open as they seek to snap a deflationary spell.

Leaders this month promised to maintain a "proactive" fiscal policy next year that would stimulate both consumption and investment to maintain high economic growth.

Business

Bulgaria Adopts Euro Amid Fear and Uncertainty

Customers shop in a grocery store in the village of Chuprene, northwestern Bulgaria on December 7, 2025. (Photo by Nikolay DOYCHINOV / AFP)
Customers shop in a grocery store in the village of Chuprene, northwestern Bulgaria on December 7, 2025. (Photo by Nikolay DOYCHINOV / AFP)
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Bulgaria Adopts Euro Amid Fear and Uncertainty

Customers shop in a grocery store in the village of Chuprene, northwestern Bulgaria on December 7, 2025. (Photo by Nikolay DOYCHINOV / AFP)
Customers shop in a grocery store in the village of Chuprene, northwestern Bulgaria on December 7, 2025. (Photo by Nikolay DOYCHINOV / AFP)

Bulgaria will become the 21st country to adopt the euro on Thursday, but some believe the move could bring higher prices and add to instability in the European Union's poorest country.

A protest campaign emerged this year to "keep the Bulgarian lev", playing on public fears of price rises and a generally negative view of the euro among much of the population.

But successive governments have pushed to join the eurozone and supporters insist it will boost the economy, reinforce ties to the West and protect against Russia's influence.

The single currency first rolled out in 12 countries on January 1, 2002, and has since regularly extended its influence, with Croatia the last country to join in 2023.

But Bulgaria faces unique challenges, including anti-corruption protests that recently swept a conservative-led government from office, leaving the country on the verge of its eighth election in five years.

Boryana Dimitrova of the Alpha Research polling institute, which has tracked public opinion on the euro for a year, told AFP any problems with euro adoption would be seized on by anti-EU politicians.

Any issues will become "part of the political campaign, which creates a basis for rhetoric directed against the EU", she said.

While far-right and pro-Russia parties have been behind several anti-euro protests, many people, especially in poor rural areas, worry about the new currency.

"Prices will go up. That's what friends of mine who live in Western Europe told me," Bilyana Nikolova, 53, who runs a grocery store in the village of Chuprene in northwestern Bulgaria, told AFP.

The latest survey by the EU's polling agency Eurobarometer suggested 49 percent of Bulgarians were against the single currency.

After hyperinflation in the 1990s, Bulgaria pegged its currency to the German mark and then to the euro, making the country dependent on the European Central Bank (ECB).

"It will now finally be able to take part in decision making within this monetary union," Georgi Angelov, senior economist at the Open Society Institute in Sofia, told AFP.

An EU member since 2007, Bulgaria joined the so-called "waiting room" to the single currency in 2020, at the same time as Croatia.

The gains of joining the euro are "substantial", ECB president Christine Lagarde said last month in Sofia, citing "smoother trade, lower financing costs and more stable prices".

Small and medium-sized enterprises stand to save an equivalent of some 500 million euros ($580 million) in exchange fees, she added.

One sector expected to benefit in the Black Sea nation is tourism, which this year generated around eight percent of the country's GDP.

Lagarde predicted the impact on consumer prices would be "modest and short-lived", saying in earlier euro changeovers, the impact was between 0.2 and 0.4 percentage points.

But consumers -- already struggling with inflation -- fear they will not be able to make ends meet, according to Dimitrova.

Food prices in November were up five percent year-on-year, according to the National Statistical Institute, more than double the eurozone average.

Parliament this year adopted empowered oversight bodies to investigate sharp price hikes and curb "unjustified" surges linked to the euro changeover.

But analysts fear wider political uncertainty risks delaying much needed anti-corruption reforms, which could have a knock-on effect on the wider economy.

"The challenge will be to have a stable government for at least one to two years, so we can fully reap the benefits of joining the euro area," Angelov said.

Business

Syria Prepares to Launch New Currency Amid Major Challenges

Syrian Central Bank Governor Abdulkader Husrieh (X)
Syrian Central Bank Governor Abdulkader Husrieh (X)
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Syria Prepares to Launch New Currency Amid Major Challenges

Syrian Central Bank Governor Abdulkader Husrieh (X)
Syrian Central Bank Governor Abdulkader Husrieh (X)

Syria’s central bank governor, Abdulkader Husrieh, said the new Syrian pound is not merely a means of exchange but a symbol of the success of the Syrian revolution, national belonging, and confidence in the country’s ability to recover.

In a Facebook post, Husrieh said that with the launch of the new currency, Syrians were not just celebrating a banknote, but also celebrating their sovereignty and national identity, noting that many international experiences show that national currencies become strong when people rally around them, according to the Syrian Arab News Agency.

He pointed to Germany’s experience, where the introduction of the mark after the war marked the starting point of economic recovery, and to France, where the new French franc became the financial symbol of the new republic, known as the Fifth Republic.

Husrieh said the central bank would carry out its role with a clear understanding of the challenges and opportunities, while committing to responsibility, transparency, and the protection of the national currency. He added that the cornerstone remains public solidarity and trust, because a strong currency begins with the people's belief in it.

He called for turning the launch into a dignified national occasion through which Syrians express awareness, confidence, and adherence to the pound as a symbol of sovereignty and a national choice.

Husrieh added that supporting the pound is supporting the nation, and taking pride in it is a matter of pride in the future for Syrians and their children. He described the move as an opportunity for a new success following the success of the revolution in liberation and the lifting of economic sanctions that had shackled Syria’s economy for nearly fifty years.

Husrieh had recently announced that Jan. 1, 2026, would mark the launch of the new Syrian currency and the start of the exchange process for the old notes, with the exchange to be carried out through 66 companies and 1,000 designated outlets.

Restoring confidence

Political and economic researcher Bassel Kouwefi said the exchange plans, if well implemented, could serve as an entry point for rebuilding confidence in the national economy, encouraging domestic investment, and paving the way for broader reforms in the financial sector. However, he warned against failing to address the root causes of inflation and economic collapse during the previous regime's rule.

Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat, Kouwefi described currency exchange and the removal of zeros as complex economic measures.

He said their main benefits include simplifying daily transactions, reducing the volume of banknotes in circulation, boosting confidence in stability, lowering printing and transportation costs, simplifying accounting records and financial software, and reducing currency speculation driven by corruption networks seeking to undermine stability in Syria.

Kouwefi said the exchange plans, if well-executed, could help restore confidence in the macroeconomy, but stressed the challenges posed by failing to tackle the fundamental causes of past inflation and collapse, including fiscal deficits, instability, and weak production. He said a comprehensive economic and financial program was therefore essential.

He added that the process also requires strong banking infrastructure, an organized transition period, and sufficient liquidity in the new denominations.

He said these remain major challenges under current Syrian conditions, alongside the need to mitigate social impacts that could lead to public confusion, market exploitation, and difficulties for less informed segments of society.