Fed Policymakers Signal Rate Cuts Ahead, But Not Because of Market Rout

The Federal Reserve Board building on Constitution Avenue is pictured in Washington, US, March 27, 2019. REUTERS/Brendan McDermid/File Phot
The Federal Reserve Board building on Constitution Avenue is pictured in Washington, US, March 27, 2019. REUTERS/Brendan McDermid/File Phot
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Fed Policymakers Signal Rate Cuts Ahead, But Not Because of Market Rout

The Federal Reserve Board building on Constitution Avenue is pictured in Washington, US, March 27, 2019. REUTERS/Brendan McDermid/File Phot
The Federal Reserve Board building on Constitution Avenue is pictured in Washington, US, March 27, 2019. REUTERS/Brendan McDermid/File Phot

Federal Reserve policymakers are increasingly confident that inflation is cooling enough to allow interest-rate cuts ahead, and they will take their cues on the size and timing of those rate cuts not from stock-market turmoil but from the economic data.
That was the shared message of three US central bankers speaking on Thursday who otherwise had slightly different takes on exactly where the economy stands a week and a day after they decided to hold the policy rate steady but signaled a reduction as soon as next month, Reuters said.
A jump in the July US unemployment rate reported on Friday helped spark a global stock market rout that continued into Monday before equities partially recovered, as investors and analysts worried the US was headed for a recession and the Fed would need to react aggressively.
"It's hard to make the case that something has just happened that is monumental on the equity side," Richmond Federal Reserve Bank President Thomas Barkin said on Thursday, noting major US stock-market indices are still up from the start of the year.
More to the point on policy, he said at a virtual event put on by the National Association for Business Economics, is "all the elements of inflation seem to be settling down (and) I'm relatively hopeful based on the conversations I'm having that that's going to continue."
Those same conversations with business leaders also suggest the cooling in the US labor market is coming from slower hiring rather than a rise in layoffs, he said.
"I think you've got some time in a healthy economy to figure out whether this is an economy that's gently moving into a normalizing state that will allow you to, in a steady deliberate way, normalize rates or ... is this one where you really do have to lean into it."
Kansas City Fed President Jeff Schmid, one of the US central bank's more hawkish policymakers, also took note of the recently roiled financial markets.
"Financial conditions can both reveal important information on the trajectory of the economy and can also spillover to impact the real economy," he said in remarks prepared for delivery to the Kansas Bankers Association's annual meeting in Colorado Springs, Colorado. "However, the Fed has to remain focused on achieving its dual mandate" of full employment and price stability.
On that score, he said, recent "encouraging" data showing inflation around 2.5% gives him more confidence inflation is headed to the Fed's 2% goal.
"If inflation continues to come in low, my confidence will grow that we are on track to meet the price stability part of our mandate, and it will be appropriate to adjust the stance of policy," he said.
Schmid described the economy as resilient, consumer demand as strong, and the labor market as noticeably cooling but still "quite healthy," and said he views the current policy stance as "not that restrictive."
"With the tremendous shocks that the economy has endured so far this decade, I would not want to assume any particular path or endpoint for the policy rate," he said.
Chicago Fed President Austan Goolsbee on Thursday reiterated his view the central bank's policy is tight, and that to leave borrowing costs where they are even as inflation falls is to make it even tighter, risking harm to the labor market.
But like his more hawkish counterparts, Goolsbee said the stock market, and the upcoming presidential election, would not determine Fed policy.
"The Fed's out of the election business. The Fed is in the economic business," Goolsbee said in an interview on Fox News. "We're not in the business of responding to the stock market. We're in the business of maximizing employment and stabilizing prices."



US Tariffs Could Slow China's Growth to 4.5% in 2025

People walk past a billboard which reads I love Beijing, Happy New Year at 798 art district, ahead of the upcoming Lunar New Year, marking the Year of the Snake, in Beijing on January 14, 2025. (Photo by JADE GAO / AFP)
People walk past a billboard which reads I love Beijing, Happy New Year at 798 art district, ahead of the upcoming Lunar New Year, marking the Year of the Snake, in Beijing on January 14, 2025. (Photo by JADE GAO / AFP)
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US Tariffs Could Slow China's Growth to 4.5% in 2025

People walk past a billboard which reads I love Beijing, Happy New Year at 798 art district, ahead of the upcoming Lunar New Year, marking the Year of the Snake, in Beijing on January 14, 2025. (Photo by JADE GAO / AFP)
People walk past a billboard which reads I love Beijing, Happy New Year at 798 art district, ahead of the upcoming Lunar New Year, marking the Year of the Snake, in Beijing on January 14, 2025. (Photo by JADE GAO / AFP)

China's economic growth is likely to slow to 4.5% in 2025 and cool further to 4.2% in 2026, a Reuters poll showed, with policymakers poised to roll out fresh stimulus measures to soften the blow from impending US tariff hikes.

Gross domestic product (GDP) likely grew 4.9% in 2024 - largely meeting the government's annual growth target of around 5%, helped by stimulus measures and strong exports, according to the median forecasts of 64 economists polled by Reuters.

But the world's second-largest economy faces heightened trade tensions with the United States as President-elect Donald Trump, who has proposed hefty tariffs on Chinese goods, is set to return to the White House next week.

“Potential US tariff hikes are the biggest headwind for China's growth this year, and could affect exports, corporate capex and household consumption,” analysts at UBS said in a note.

“We (also) foresee property activity continuing to fall in 2025, though with a smaller drag on growth.”

Growth likely improved to 5.0% in the fourth quarter from a year earlier, quickening from the third-quarter's 4.6% pace as a flurry of support measures began to kick in, the poll showed.

On a quarterly basis, the economy is forecast to grow 1.6% in the fourth quarter, compared with 0.9% in July-September, the poll showed.

The government is due to release fourth-quarter and full-year GDP data, along with December activity data, on Friday.

China's economy has struggled for traction since a post-pandemic rebound quickly fizzled out, with a protracted property crisis, weak demand and high local government debt levels weighing heavily on activity, souring both business and consumer confidence.

Policymakers have unveiled a blitz of stimulus measures since September, including cuts in interest rates and banks' reserve requirements ratios (RRR) and a 10 trillion yuan ($1.36 trillion) municipal debt package.

They have also expanded a trade-in scheme for consumer goods such as appliances and autos, helping to revive retail sales.

Analysts expect more stimulus to be rolled out this year, but say the scope and size of China's moves may depend on how quickly and aggressively Trump implements tariffs or other punitive measures.

More stimulus on the cards

At an agenda-setting meeting in December, Chinese leaders pledged to increase the budget deficit, issue more debt and loosen monetary policy to support economic growth in 2025.

Leaders have agreed to maintain an annual growth target of around 5% for this year, backed by a record high budget deficit ratio of 4% and 3 trillion yuan in special treasury bonds, Reuters has reported, citing sources.

The government is expected to unveil growth targets and stimulus plans during the annual parliament meeting in March.

Faced with mounting economic risks and deflationary pressures, top leaders in December ditched their 14-year-old “prudent” monetary policy stance for a “moderately loose” posture.

China's central bank is expected to deploy its most aggressive monetary tactics in a decade this year as it tries to revive the economy, but in doing so it risks quickly exhausting its firepower. It has already had to repeatedly shore up its defense of the yuan currency as downward pressure pushes it to 16-month lows.

Analysts polled by Reuters expected the central bank to cut the seven-day reverse repo rate, its key policy rate, by 10 basis points in the first quarter, leading to a same cut in the one-year loan prime rate (LPR) - the benchmark lending rate.

The PBOC may also cut the weighted average reserve requirement ratio (RRR) for banks by at least 25 basis points in the first quarter, the poll showed, after two cuts in 2024.

Consumer inflation will likely pick up to 0.8% in 2025 from 0.2% in 2024, and rise further to 1.4% in 2026, the poll showed.