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IMF, Ukraine Reach Deal That Would Give It Access to Some $1.1 Bln 

People walk on a pedestrian bridge during the sunset in city center of Kyiv, Ukraine, September 9, 2024. (AP)
People walk on a pedestrian bridge during the sunset in city center of Kyiv, Ukraine, September 9, 2024. (AP)
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IMF, Ukraine Reach Deal That Would Give It Access to Some $1.1 Bln 

People walk on a pedestrian bridge during the sunset in city center of Kyiv, Ukraine, September 9, 2024. (AP)
People walk on a pedestrian bridge during the sunset in city center of Kyiv, Ukraine, September 9, 2024. (AP)

The International Monetary Fund said on Tuesday it had reached a preliminary agreement with Ukraine that would give the war-torn country access to about $1.1 billion in financial assistance.

The agreement follows what Kyiv said on Tuesday were "difficult" talks and is subject to approval by the fund's executive board, which the IMF said in a statement is expected to happen in "coming weeks".

The IMF is a key international lender to Kyiv and its four-year $15.6 billion program is a crucial part of a bigger global economic support package to Ukraine as it gears up for a third winter trying to fend off Russia's full-scale invasion.

"Russia's war in Ukraine continues to have a devastating impact on the country and its people," Gavin Gray, who led the IMF's monitoring mission to Kyiv for the fifth review of the lending program, said in a statement.

"Skillful policymaking, the adaptability of households and firms, and robust external financing has helped support macroeconomic and financial stability."

The IMF, however, said that the risks to Ukraine "remain exceptionally high" with an economic slowdown expected due to the impact of the war on labor market and Russia's continued attacks on the energy infrastructure, among other factors.

Kyiv is spending about 60% of its total budget to fund its army and relies heavily on financial support from its Western partners to pay pensions and wages to public sector employees and finance social and humanitarian spending.

Ukraine has received about $98 billion in financial aid from its Western partners since the start of the war, finance ministry data showed.

The IMF urged the Kyiv government, which President Volodymyr Zelenskiy reshuffled last week, to "respect financing constraints and debt sustainability objectives" in the 2025 budget and look for ways to increase domestic revenues.

The government has said previously it plans to raise taxes and has already implemented other fiscal measures, including increasing import and excise duties.

Ukraine also won an agreement from bondholders to restructure and write down its debt.

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Business

Trump Metal Tariffs Wreak Havoc on US Factory

Tariffs on metal imposed by US President Donald Trump are hitting small businesses like Independent Can very hard. RYAN COLLERD / AFP
Tariffs on metal imposed by US President Donald Trump are hitting small businesses like Independent Can very hard. RYAN COLLERD / AFP
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Trump Metal Tariffs Wreak Havoc on US Factory

Tariffs on metal imposed by US President Donald Trump are hitting small businesses like Independent Can very hard. RYAN COLLERD / AFP
Tariffs on metal imposed by US President Donald Trump are hitting small businesses like Independent Can very hard. RYAN COLLERD / AFP

In the sweltering US summer, metal containers decorated with snowmen and sleighs are taking shape -- but tempers are also rising as their manufacturer grapples with President Donald Trump's steep steel tariffs.

At Independent Can's factory in Belcamp, Maryland northeast of Baltimore, CEO Rick Huether recounts how he started working at his family's business at age 14.

Huether, now 73, says he is determined to keep his manufacturing company afloat for generations to come. But Trump's tariffs are complicating this task.

"We're living in chaos right now," he told AFP.

Since returning to the presidency in January, Trump imposed tariffs of 25 percent on imported steel and aluminum -- and then doubled the rate to 50 percent.

This has weighed on operations at Independent Can, and Huether expects he eventually will have to raise prices.

Not enough tinplate

With the steady beat of presses, steel plates that have been coated with tin -- to prevent corrosion -- are turned into containers for cookies, dried fruit, coffee and milk powder at Huether's factory.

But there is not enough of such American-made tinplate for companies like his.

"In the United States, we can only make about 25 percent of the tinplate that's required to do what we do," in addition to what other manufacturers need, Huether said.

"Those all require us to buy in the neighborhood of 70 percent of our steel outside of the United States," he added.

While Huether is a proponent of growing the US manufacturing base, saying globalization has "gone almost a little bit too far," he expressed concern about Trump's methods.

Trump has announced a stream of major tariffs only to later back off parts of them or postpone them, and also imposed duties on items the country does not produce.

For now, Independent Can -- which employs nearly 400 people at four sites -- is ruling out any layoffs despite the current upheaval.

But Huether said one of the company's plants in Iowa closed last year in part because of a previous increase in steel tariffs, during Trump's first presidential term.

Price hikes

With steel tariffs at 50 percent now, Huether expects he will ultimately have to raise his prices by more than 20 percent, given that tinplate represents a part of his production costs.

Some buyers have already reduced their orders this year by 20 to 25 percent, over worries about the economy and about not having enough business themselves.

Others now seem more inclined to buy American, but Huether expressed reservations over how long this trend might last, citing his experiences from the Covid-19 crisis.

"During the pandemic, we took everybody in. As China shut down and the ports were locked up, our business went up 50 percent," he explained.

But when the pandemic was over, customers turned back to purchasing from China, he said.

"Today if people want to come to us, we'll take them in," he said, but added: "We need to have a two-year contract."

Huether wants to believe that his company, which is almost a century old after being founded during the Great Depression, will weather the latest disruptions.

"I think that our business will survive," he said, but added: "It's trying to figure out what you're going to sell in the next six months."