Russia, China Push for De-escalation in Middle East Tensions

Students walking in front of an anti-United States mural in the heart of the capital, Tehran (AFP)
Students walking in front of an anti-United States mural in the heart of the capital, Tehran (AFP)
TT

Russia, China Push for De-escalation in Middle East Tensions

Students walking in front of an anti-United States mural in the heart of the capital, Tehran (AFP)
Students walking in front of an anti-United States mural in the heart of the capital, Tehran (AFP)

Tensions are rising in the Middle East, with Russia urging measures to calm the situation and China warning against a “cycle of retaliation.”

In response to a drone attack in Jordan, the US vowed to defend its forces, despite stating it doesn’t seek war with Iran.

US Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin on Monday vowed the US would take “all necessary actions” to defend its troops after a deadly drone attack in Jordan by Iran-backed militants, even as President Joe Biden’s administration stressed it was not seeking a war with Iran.

the Kremlin, asked on Tuesday about potential US strikes on Iranian interests, said tensions in the Middle East were high and that steps were needed to de-escalate rather than destabilize the wider region.

“We do not welcome any actions that lead to destabilization in the region and increase tensions, especially against the backdrop of the excessive potential for conflict,” Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov told reporters.

“We will not welcome the continuation of such actions, regardless of who they come from. The level of tension is high now and we need to take steps to de-escalate. This is what will prevent the conflict from spreading.”

Russia’s special representative to Syria, Alexander Lavrentiev, informed TASS that Moscow and Washington are currently not engaged in any dialogue regarding Syria.

Meanwhile, China on Tuesday warned against a “cycle of retaliation” in the Middle East after the US vowed to respond to the drone attack.

Beijing said it had “noted reports of casualties caused by the attack on a US military base.”

“We have also noted that Iran stated that it had nothing to do with the attack,” foreign ministry spokesperson Wang Wenbin said.

“We hope that all relevant parties will remain calm and restrained... in order to avoid falling into a vicious cycle of retaliation and prevent further escalation of regional tension,” he added.

“The situation in the Middle East is currently highly complex and sensitive,” Wang said.

London Calls for De-escalation

UK Defense Minister Grant Shapps urged Iran to use its influence on militias, including the Houthi rebels in Yemen, to de-escalate tensions in the region.

In a post on “X,” Shapps affirmed that London and Washington are in continued collaboration to enhance stability in the Middle East.

British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak also strongly condemned drone attacks linked to Iran-affiliated groups.

Sunak expressed concern and pledged to urge Iran to seek de-escalation in the region, emphasizing strong support for allies in achieving stability and peace.

It’s worth noting that in response to recent attacks in Syria and Iraq, Washington conducted a series of strikes in Iraq targeting Iran-backed groups.

Protest and Political Resolution Call

In Tehran, the Iranian Foreign Ministry strongly protested London’s accusations by summoning the British ambassador.

The ministry did not specify the reason for the protest.

During the meeting, an Iranian official rejected the baseless accusations by British authorities, condemning their sabotage activities, as reported by IRNA.

This comes after London and Washington imposed sanctions on an Iranian network, accusing it of ties to the Tehran government and targeting dissident journalists.

The Iranian official informed the British ambassador that such sanctions are “illegitimate.”

The Iranian Foreign Ministry criticized NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg’s remarks about “Iran's role in the region,” calling them baseless and akin to bitter humor.

Iran asserted that it adheres to a consistent policy of enhancing relations with neighbors while opposing foreign interference.

On his part, former Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif called for an Iranian role in supporting the resistance amid the complexities of the upcoming US presidential elections.

While avoiding direct comments on the killing of US soldiers, Zarif mentioned ongoing diplomatic efforts for a political solution in Gaza and its regional consequences.

“The possibility that Biden will order direct attacks on Iranian targets cannot be ignored,” political analyst Ahmad Zeidabadi wrote in the Ham-Mihan newspaper.

But he said any US attacks would more likely target “the bases of Iranian forces in other countries.”

The reformist Etemaad Daily newspaper also said it was “possible” the Biden administration — under political pressure from the Republicans — “will target limited but strategic targets inside Iran.”

“This scenario may spell the end of diplomatic efforts between Tehran and Washington,” it said.

Iran’s Foreign Minister Hossein Amir-Abdollahian said Tuesday the solution to the crisis must be “political” and wrote on X that “diplomacy is active in this direction.”



Syrians Face Horror, Fearing Loved Ones May Be in Mass Graves

People search for human remains at a trench believed to be used as a mass grave on the outskirts of Damascus - AFP
People search for human remains at a trench believed to be used as a mass grave on the outskirts of Damascus - AFP
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Syrians Face Horror, Fearing Loved Ones May Be in Mass Graves

People search for human remains at a trench believed to be used as a mass grave on the outskirts of Damascus - AFP
People search for human remains at a trench believed to be used as a mass grave on the outskirts of Damascus - AFP

After losing hope of finding his two brothers among those freed from Syrian jails, Ziad Alaywi was filled with dread, knowing there was only one place they were likely to be: a mass grave.

"We want to know where our children are, our brothers," said the 55-year-old standing by a deep trench near Najha, southeast of Damascus.

"Were they killed? Are they buried here?" he asked, pointing to the ditch, one of several believed to hold the bodies of prisoners tortured to death.

International organizations have called these acts "crimes against humanity".

Since the fall of Bashar al-Assad's regime on December 8 and the takeover by an Islamist-led opposition alliance, families across Syria have been searching for their loved ones.

"I've looked for my brothers in all the prisons," said the driver from the Damascus suburbs, whose siblings and four cousins were arrested over a decade ago.

"I've searched all the documents that might give me a clue to their location," he added, but it was all in vain.

Residents say there are at least three other similar sites, where diggers were frequently seen working in areas once off-limits under the former government.

- 'Peace of mind' -

The dirt at the pit where Alaywi stands looks loose, freshly dug. Children run and play nearby.

If the site was investigated, "it would allow many people to have peace of mind and stop hoping for the return of a son who will never return", he said.

"It's not just one, two, or three people who are being sought. It's thousands."

He called on international forensic investigators to "open these mass graves so we can finally know where our children are."

Many Syrians who spoke to AFP in recent days expressed disappointment at not finding their loved ones in the prisons opened after the takeover by Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS).

A few kilometres (miles) from Najha, a team of about 10 people, most in white overalls, was transferring small white bags into larger black ones with numbers.

Syrian Civil Defense teams have received numerous calls from people claiming to have seen cars dumping bags by the roadside at night. The bags were later found to contain bones.

"Since the fall of the regime, we've received over 100 calls about mass graves. People believe every military site has one," said civil defence official Omar al-Salmo.

- Safeguard evidence -

The claim isn't without reason, said Salmo, considering "the few people who've left prisons and the exponential number of missing people."

There are no official figures on how many detainees have been released from Syrian jails in the past 10 days, but estimates fall far short of the number missing since 2011.

In 2022, the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights monitor estimated that more than 100,000 people had died in prison, mostly due to torture, since the war began.

"We're doing our best with our modest expertise," said Salmo. His team is collecting bone samples for DNA tests.

On Tuesday, Human Rights Watch urged the new Syrian authorities to "secure, collect and safeguard evidence, including from mass grave sites and government records... that will be vital in future criminal trials".

The rights group also called for cooperation with the International Committee of the Red Cross, which could "provide critical expertise" to help safeguard the records and clarify the fate of missing people.

Days after Assad's fall, HRW teams visiting Damascus's Tadamun district, the site of a massacre in April 2013, found "scores of human remains".

In Daraa province, Mohammad Khaled regained control of his farm in Izraa, seized for years by military intelligence.

"I noticed that the ground was uneven," said Khaled.

"We were surprised to discover a body, then another," he said. In just one day, he and others including a forensic doctor exhumed a total of 22 bodies.