Yemen’s General People’s Congress Caught between Houthi Violence and Ending their Alliance

Supporters of Yemen's former President Ali Abdullah Saleh hold up their weapons during a rally in Sanaa in 2015. (Reuters)
Supporters of Yemen's former President Ali Abdullah Saleh hold up their weapons during a rally in Sanaa in 2015. (Reuters)
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Yemen’s General People’s Congress Caught between Houthi Violence and Ending their Alliance

Supporters of Yemen's former President Ali Abdullah Saleh hold up their weapons during a rally in Sanaa in 2015. (Reuters)
Supporters of Yemen's former President Ali Abdullah Saleh hold up their weapons during a rally in Sanaa in 2015. (Reuters)

Efforts are underway in Yemen among the General People’s Congress of late President Ali Abdullah Saleh to hold a meeting for the general committee as soon as possible, revealed prominent sources.

The committee, which acts like a politburo, is headed by Sheikh Sadeq Amin Abou Ras.

The meeting would be aimed at reaching an official stance over the late president’s murder. It would also set the Congress’ future steps and fate of its partnership with the Houthi militias.

The sources, speaking on condition of anonymity, said a group of Congress leaderships in Sanaa prefer not to be hasty in holding the committee meeting. They are concerned that the gatherers would not be able to take effective stances that reflect the sentiment of the party’s popular base in wake of the Houthi oppression.

“A group within the party, led by speaker Yehya al-Rai, is trying to obtain guarantees from the Houthis that the Congress would retain the greatest possible independence away from internal meddling in exchange for maintaining the alliance against the legitimate government forces and Arab coalition,” revealed the sources.

Another group includes prominent leaderships, lawmakers and tribal leaders, whose allegiance is close to that of the legitimate government. They are however refraining from expressing their true stances because they fear Houthi reprisals, they said.

This group believes that it is no longer acceptable to continue with an alliance with a bloody gang that killed the Congress’ head and dozens of its members.

It therefore supports the postponement of the committee meeting because a strong stance that opposes the Houthis will not be able to be taken.

Another group seeks to close the chapter of the former president and keep the Houthi alliance in exchange for pledges that include the release of Saleh relatives from detention, holding a popular funeral for him and unfreezing assets seized by the militias. They are also demanding an end to persecution against them.

These varying stances among various groups within the Congress in Sanaa will make it difficult for Congress leaderships elsewhere to unite their ranks and avert divisions.

The party, which has ruled Yemen for 33 years, is on the brink of breaking into three wings. The first led by President Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi and members of the legitimate government, the second led by Saleh’s relatives and supporters, and the third will become part of the Houthi alliance and act as the group’s political front.

In this regard, Yemeni political researcher Thabet al-Ahmedi said that the Congress is still living in the shock caused by Saleh’s murder.

“No one has awaken yet from it and the solution lies in the hands of the legitimate government that should organize itself militarily and recapture the country,” he told Ashar Al-Awsat.

“Should this not happen, then everything will fall apart, including the General People’s Congress,” he warned.



Climate Change Imperils Drought-Stricken Morocco’s Cereal Farmers and Its Food Supply

 A farmer works in a wheat field on the outskirts of Kenitra, Morocco, Friday, June 21, 2024. (AP)
A farmer works in a wheat field on the outskirts of Kenitra, Morocco, Friday, June 21, 2024. (AP)
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Climate Change Imperils Drought-Stricken Morocco’s Cereal Farmers and Its Food Supply

 A farmer works in a wheat field on the outskirts of Kenitra, Morocco, Friday, June 21, 2024. (AP)
A farmer works in a wheat field on the outskirts of Kenitra, Morocco, Friday, June 21, 2024. (AP)

Golden fields of wheat no longer produce the bounty they once did in Morocco. A six-year drought has imperiled the country's entire agriculture sector, including farmers who grow cereals and grains used to feed humans and livestock.

The North African nation projects this year's harvest will be smaller than last year in both volume and acreage, putting farmers out of work and requiring more imports and government subsidies to prevent the price of staples like flour from rising for everyday consumers.

"In the past, we used to have a bounty — a lot of wheat. But during the last seven or eight years, the harvest has been very low because of the drought," said Al Housni Belhoussni, a small-scale farmer who has long tilled fields outside of the city of Kenitra.

Belhoussni's plight is familiar to grain farmers throughout the world confronting a hotter and drier future. Climate change is imperiling the food supply and shrinking the annual yields of cereals that dominate diets around the world — wheat, rice, maize and barley.

In North Africa, among the regions thought of as most vulnerable to climate change, delays to annual rains and inconsistent weather patterns have pushed the growing season later in the year and made planning difficult for farmers.

In Morocco, where cereals account for most of the farmed land and agriculture employs the majority of workers in rural regions, the drought is wreaking havoc and touching off major changes that will transform the makeup of the economy. It has forced some to leave their fields fallow. It has also made the areas they do elect to cultivate less productive, producing far fewer sacks of wheat to sell than they once did.

In response, the government has announced restrictions on water use in urban areas — including on public baths and car washes — and in rural ones, where water going to farms has been rationed.

"The late rains during the autumn season affected the agriculture campaign. This year, only the spring rains, especially during the month of March, managed to rescue the crops," said Abdelkrim Naaman, the chairman of Nalsya. The organization has advised farmers on seeding, irrigation and drought mitigation as less rain falls and less water flows through Morocco's rivers.

The Agriculture Ministry estimates that this year's wheat harvest will yield roughly 3.4 million tons (3.1 billion kilograms), far less than last year's 6.1 million tons (5.5 billion kilograms) — a yield that was still considered low. The amount of land seeded has dramatically shrunk as well, from 14,170 square miles (36,700 square kilometers) to 9,540 square miles (24,700 square kilometers).

Such a drop constitutes a crisis, said Driss Aissaoui, an analyst and former member of the Moroccan Ministry for Agriculture.

"When we say crisis, this means that you have to import more," he said. "We are in a country where drought has become a structural issue."

Leaning more on imports means the government will have to continue subsidizing prices to ensure households and livestock farmers can afford dietary staples for their families and flocks, said Rachid Benali, the chairman of the farming lobby COMADER.

The country imported nearly 2.5 million tons of common wheat between January and June. However, such a solution may have an expiration date, particularly because Morocco's primary source of wheat, France, is facing shrinking harvests as well.

The United Nations' Food and Agriculture Organization ranked Morocco as the world's sixth-largest wheat importer this year, between Türkiye and Bangladesh, which both have much bigger populations.

"Morocco has known droughts like this and in some cases known droughts that las longer than 10 years. But the problem, this time especially, is climate change," Benali said.