US–South Korea Kick Off Revision of Trade Agreement

US President Trump and South Korea's President Moon Jae-in hold a joint press conference in Seoul in November 2017. (Reuters)
US President Trump and South Korea's President Moon Jae-in hold a joint press conference in Seoul in November 2017. (Reuters)
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US–South Korea Kick Off Revision of Trade Agreement

US President Trump and South Korea's President Moon Jae-in hold a joint press conference in Seoul in November 2017. (Reuters)
US President Trump and South Korea's President Moon Jae-in hold a joint press conference in Seoul in November 2017. (Reuters)

The United States and South Korea on Friday completed the first round of review talks on a bilateral trade deal with Washington, saying there was "much work to do" to reach a new pact, reported South Korea’s news agency Yonhap.

Each side raised issues pertaining to the revision and implementation of the Korea-US free trade agreement, South Korea's trade ministry said in a statement.

The first round started at 10:00 a.m. on Friday at the US Trade Representative office in Washington. The South Korean delegate was headed by Myung-hee Yoo, Korea’s director general from the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, while the US side was led by Michael Beeman, assistant US Trade Representative.

The South Korean Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy said the talks focused on the areas of joint interests and sensitive sectors. The United States had primarily raised the issue of the automobile sector, Yoo told reporters after the end of the first round.

Following the talks with Korean trade officials in Washington, Robert Lighthizer, US trade representative said: “We have much work to do to reach an agreement that serves the economic interests of the American people.”

“Both sides agreed to follow-up to discuss the timing for the next meeting in the very near term.”

According to what was previously announced, the negotiations will continue every three to four weeks, and will take place between Seoul and Washington, but it is unclear whether an agreement will be reached.

Seoul has expressed interest in the field of dispute settlement between investors and the state, and in the field of trade remedies. It also explained its position on sensitive sectors, including trade in agricultural products and fisheries.

The head of the Korean delegation spoke to reporters as soon as he arrived in Washington on Thursday, pledging to give priority to national interests and seek balance of interests with the United States.

Since taking office in 2017, President Donald Trump has pulled the United States out of talks on a 14-nation Asia-Pacific trade pact, started negotiations on a new deal for the North American Free Trade Agreement between the US, Mexico and Canada and initiated a review of the 2012 Korea deal.

Washington has taken a hard line in the NAFTA talks, which appear stalled with just two rounds of negotiations left, saying that concessions are the only way for Canada and Mexico to keep the deal.

South Korea's economy is in good shape despite the tensions with its northern neighbor. Data from South Korea's central bank showed on Thursday that the country's foreign exchange reserve hit its highest level at the end of 2017 in line with the drop of the US dollar.

South Korea's foreign exchange reserves at the end of December reached a total of $389.27 billion, an increase of $2.02 billion over the last month, the central bank said in a statement. The foreign exchange reserve hit a high record of $387.25 billion at the end of November, breaking its record of one month ago, according to Yonhap.

The recent decline in the US dollar has boosted the values of other currencies when converted into the US dollar, the central bank said. Foreign exchange reserves consist of securities and deposits in foreign currencies, as well as reserve deposits in the IMF, Special Drawing Right (SDR) and gold bullions.

South Korea was ranked ninth in the world in terms of foreign exchange reserves at the end of November, after China, Japan, Switzerland, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Russia, Hong Kong and India, the central bank said.

On the other hand, the value of foreign direct investment (FDI) commitments in South Korea last year reached a record high of over $20 billion, and exceeded the set target. The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy said Wednesday that the value of foreign direct investment commitments in 2017 reached $22.94 billion, an increase of $7.7 billion over the previous year, which is the highest value ever, and exceeds $20 billion for the third year in a row.

Yonhap said real investment by foreign companies and investors had increased by 20.9% a year to $12.82 billion in 2017.

FDI commitments in the first three quarters of last year fell by 9.7% from the same period last year to $13.59 billion, but posted a quarterly record of $9.36 billion in the fourth quarter.

The ministry said in a statement that the country has been assessed as a stable investment destination despite the North Korean nuclear crisis, adding that the main reasons for increasing foreign direct investment are the country's top credit rating, expansion of investment in manufacturing industries related to the Fourth Industrial Revolution and modernization of the industrial structure.



South Korea's Hanwha Ocean Targets US Navy Orders as Trump Seeks Shipbuilding Ties

Steve SK Jeong, Head of Naval Ship International Business Department of Hanwha Ocean, speaks during an interview with Reuters in Seoul, South Korea, May 2, 2025.   REUTERS/Kim Hong-Ji
Steve SK Jeong, Head of Naval Ship International Business Department of Hanwha Ocean, speaks during an interview with Reuters in Seoul, South Korea, May 2, 2025. REUTERS/Kim Hong-Ji
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South Korea's Hanwha Ocean Targets US Navy Orders as Trump Seeks Shipbuilding Ties

Steve SK Jeong, Head of Naval Ship International Business Department of Hanwha Ocean, speaks during an interview with Reuters in Seoul, South Korea, May 2, 2025.   REUTERS/Kim Hong-Ji
Steve SK Jeong, Head of Naval Ship International Business Department of Hanwha Ocean, speaks during an interview with Reuters in Seoul, South Korea, May 2, 2025. REUTERS/Kim Hong-Ji

South Korean shipbuilder Hanwha Ocean aims to boost its revenue from overseas military vessels to around 4 trillion won ($2.91 billion) by 2030 and hopes to pick up more repair orders from the US Navy, a senior executive told Reuters.

The Asian country is a major global shipbuilder and trade talks with the US on tariffs brought up possible cooperation in the sector after US President Donald Trump signed an executive order to restore US shipbuilding.

Hanwha Ocean, formerly Daewoo Shipbuilding, is one of the largest shipbuilders in the world with an order book of $31.43 billion as of the end of March. It acquired a US shipyard in Philadelphia last year to expand in the market.

Its naval ships business, which has built dozens of submarines and surface vessels used by the South Korean Navy, has won two orders from the US Navy since last year to repair and overhaul its ships for the first time.

"I think we may be the biggest shipyard in the world that has taken on these maintenance, repair and overhaul orders from the US Navy," said Steve SK Jeong, head of the Naval Ship Global Business at Hanwha Ocean, days after US Secretary of the Navy John Phelan visited its shipyard.

"It is not very profitable, but learning the process of working with the US Navy is valuable, which will help if we win newbuild orders."

Hanwha Ocean hoped to win a double-digit number of US Navy maintenance and repair orders before 2030, Jeong said.

Trump has vowed to spend "a lot of money on shipbuilding" to restore US capacity, and cited concern over how his country has fallen behind in an industry that is also dominated by China.

Still, US laws can make it harder for foreign shipyards even if they have US operations. They are prohibited from building US Navy vessels, due to the Byrnes-Tollefson Amendment of the US Department of Defense Appropriations Act.

TRANSPLANTING PROCESSES

Hanwha Ocean's Philadelphia Shipyard is trying to get a license that clears it to build US Navy vessels, but transplanting cutting-edge manufacturing processes honed from competition with other South Korean and Chinese shipyards is not as simple as bringing in some automated welding machines, Jeong said.

"I think the US shipbuilding industry hasn't had to compete very much. Facilities are old, and there's a shortage of technicians," Jeong said.

"We are looking to modernize facilities, train and equip workers, and bring in our manufacturing process that can build the same ship in, I think, two-thirds the time or less as that of a US shipyard."

Jeong said the company is investing in South Korea to use existing facilities and expand naval ship capacity to build five submarines and three surface vessels at the same time by 2029, from two submarines and two surface vessels now.

Despite building 17 submarines for the South Korean Navy since 1987, Hanwha Ocean has only actively competed for overseas orders in the last few years as South Korea's low birthrate and shrinking military-age population risk cooling local demand.

It is competing to export submarines to Poland and Canada, a frigate to Thailand as well as knocking on the door in markets in the Middle East, South America, North Africa and Southeast Asia, to build up a sustained flow of orders that would bring foreign sales to 4 trillion won by 2030, Jeong said.

That would be about four times the size of its 1.05 trillion won of revenue in 2024.