Sistani Receives Rouhani, Stresses Respect For States’ Sovereignty

Iraq’s Senior Shiite Cleric Ali Sistani, Iranian President Hassan Rouhani and Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif in Najaf on Wednesday. (Ali Sistani’s media office/AFP/Getty Images)
Iraq’s Senior Shiite Cleric Ali Sistani, Iranian President Hassan Rouhani and Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif in Najaf on Wednesday. (Ali Sistani’s media office/AFP/Getty Images)
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Sistani Receives Rouhani, Stresses Respect For States’ Sovereignty

Iraq’s Senior Shiite Cleric Ali Sistani, Iranian President Hassan Rouhani and Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif in Najaf on Wednesday. (Ali Sistani’s media office/AFP/Getty Images)
Iraq’s Senior Shiite Cleric Ali Sistani, Iranian President Hassan Rouhani and Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif in Najaf on Wednesday. (Ali Sistani’s media office/AFP/Getty Images)

Iraq’s Shiite cleric Ali Sistani underlined the importance of respecting the sovereignty of states, during his meeting on Wednesday with Iranian President Hassan Rouhani.

A statement by Sistani’s office said Iraq’s top Shiite cleric welcomed “any move to strengthen Iraq’s relations with its neighbors based on respect for state sovereignty and non-interference in its internal affairs.”

Sistani emphasized, in light of the fragile situation in the region, “the need for international and regional policies to be balanced and moderate in order to spare people more tragedies and damage.”

He pointed out that the most major challenges facing Iraq at this stage were fighting corruption, restricting the use of weapons to state and security services, as well as improving public services.”

Sistani’s office statement highlighted “the fateful war waged by the Iraqi people to defeat ISIS,” and “the great sacrifices made by the heroic Iraqis to achieve victory over this terrorist organization and to eliminate its danger from the entire region.”

The meeting was held on the third day of Rouhani’s visit to Baghdad.

Shiite cleric Haidar al-Gharabi told Asharq Al-Awsat that talks between Sistani and the Iranian president gave many “indications of the current stage in Iraq, represented by a multitude of agendas, especially foreign ones.”

“Iran is an important international player in the region and Iraq; therefore, the understanding with the highest religious authority in Najaf comes in this context, especially as we believe that Iran has positive attitudes towards Iraq,” Gharabi said.

Sistani had closed his doors since late 2015 to Iraqi politicians, including presidents, ministers, MPs and bloc leaders. He also refused to receive the French foreign minister who visited Iraq in January.



Iran Sells Its Oil Stored in China to Finance Operations in the Middle East

Patrol vessel KN. Pulau Marore-322, owned by Indonesia's Maritime Security Agency (Bakamla) patrols to inspect the Iranian-flagged Very Large Crude Carrier (VLCC), MT Arman 114, and the Cameroon-flagged MT S Tinos (Reuters)
Patrol vessel KN. Pulau Marore-322, owned by Indonesia's Maritime Security Agency (Bakamla) patrols to inspect the Iranian-flagged Very Large Crude Carrier (VLCC), MT Arman 114, and the Cameroon-flagged MT S Tinos (Reuters)
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Iran Sells Its Oil Stored in China to Finance Operations in the Middle East

Patrol vessel KN. Pulau Marore-322, owned by Indonesia's Maritime Security Agency (Bakamla) patrols to inspect the Iranian-flagged Very Large Crude Carrier (VLCC), MT Arman 114, and the Cameroon-flagged MT S Tinos (Reuters)
Patrol vessel KN. Pulau Marore-322, owned by Indonesia's Maritime Security Agency (Bakamla) patrols to inspect the Iranian-flagged Very Large Crude Carrier (VLCC), MT Arman 114, and the Cameroon-flagged MT S Tinos (Reuters)

Iran has shipped nearly 3 million barrels of oil from a storage site in China in a bid to raise funds that could be used to shore up Iran’s allied militia groups in the Middle East, people familiar with the matter told The Wall Street Journal last week.
The oil was taken from a stockpile of at least 25 million barrels that Iran had sent to China in late 2018.
China approved Iran's oil exports after talks with Iranian officials in late November and December 2024, sources told the newspaper.
The additional oil revenue comes at a crucial time for Iran, as it tries to support its allied militias in the region, such as Hezbollah, which have been battered in conflicts with Israel.
The fall of the Assad regime came as another blow, choking off the land route that Iran used to supply Hezbollah with cash and weapons, WSJ said.
The newspaper warned that the IRGC has taken charge of unloading and claiming this oil. There are concerns that the proceeds from its sale may be transferred to Iran’s regional proxy force, it noted.
US officials specifically raised concerns about the money flowing to the IRGC in its contacts with Beijing, one of the people told the newspaper.
A representative of the Chinese Foreign Ministry said that the ministry is not aware of this situation, but Beijing cooperates with all countries, including Iran, within the bounds of international law.
China has opposed the US “abuse of illegal and unreasonable unilateral sanctions” against Iran, the spokesperson said.
China's decision to allow Iran to ship the oil could stoke tensions with Washington, as President-elect Donald Trump prepares to take office. In his first term, Trump moved aggressively to curtail Iranian oil sales.
Trump’s transition team has said he would return to his maximum pressure campaign once he takes office on Jan. 20. China, as the largest buyer of Iranian oil, could be critical to that effort.
Trump might have to decide what he wants to give priority to in his relationship with Beijing, given his demands on trade and other issues.
The oil that Iran stored in China in 2018 has been at two ports—in Dalian, east of Beijing, and Zhoushan, south of Shanghai, the people said. Two vessels—the Madestar and CH Billion—recently set sail for Dalian, people told WSJ.
Madestar left the Dalian port in early January loaded with 2 million barrels of oil, and the CH Billion is believed to be still docked there, set to be loaded with 700,000 barrels, they said.
The US Treasury Department sanctioned 35 entities and vessels on Dec. 3 that it said played a role in transporting illicit Iranian petroleum to foreign markets.
Then on December 19, the Treasury imposed additional sanctions on entities and vessels, including a China-based company, to stem the flow of revenue that the Iranian regime uses to support terrorism abroad, as well as to oppress its own people.
In 2024, Iran exported 587 million barrels of oil. China imports accounted for 91% of Iran's total exports, the WSJ said. But much of the funds from those sales have remained abroad because of the impact of US financial sanctions on Tehran.
Even if Iran is ultimately able to sell all the oil now stored in China, it is unclear exactly how much money it would make.
Sanctions and the refusal of some ships to transport the oil will increase the cost of the sale and slow it down.