UNESCO Calls for Moral Change of Football Rules

Olympique Lyonnais faces off against VfL Wolfsburg in
the women's Champions League final at Valeriy Lobanovskyi Stadium,
Kyiv, Ukraine, May 24, 2018.
Olympique Lyonnais faces off against VfL Wolfsburg in the women's Champions League final at Valeriy Lobanovskyi Stadium, Kyiv, Ukraine, May 24, 2018.
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UNESCO Calls for Moral Change of Football Rules

Olympique Lyonnais faces off against VfL Wolfsburg in
the women's Champions League final at Valeriy Lobanovskyi Stadium,
Kyiv, Ukraine, May 24, 2018.
Olympique Lyonnais faces off against VfL Wolfsburg in the women's Champions League final at Valeriy Lobanovskyi Stadium, Kyiv, Ukraine, May 24, 2018.

Ahead of Women's World Cup, to be held in France from 7 June to 7 July, UNESCO is organizing an unprecedented debate themed "Women and Football: Change the Game" on 4 June.

Launched by Audrey Azoulay, director-general of UNESCO, the event will bring together internationally renowned female footballers and personalities from the world of football.

Nadia Nadim (Denmark), an Afghan refugee with an exceptional sporting background, and Jody Brown (Jamaica), a rising star of international football, accompanied by her Jamaican team, the Reggae Girlz, will talk about the key role that sport can play in promoting diversity and gender equality.

Sports journalist Anne-Laure Bonnet will moderate the debate, which will feature Houriya Al Taheri (United Arab Emirates), a first professional football coach in the Gulf and head coach of the United Arab Emirates national team, and Evelyn Laruni (Uganda), national director of the Whitaker Peace and Development Initiative in Uganda and supervisor of the Peace through Sports program. Melodie Donchet (France), four-time world freestyle football champion, will stage to demonstrate her discipline at the event.

This event is a fine opportunity to mobilize together with women footballers, be they amateurs or professionals, against discrimination, sexism, harassment, and other obstacles women face. It will also help launch a reflection on the values of solidarity and respect in sport, and on actions to be taken for gender equality in the world of sport.

Women's football has recently gained greater recognition, as evidenced by the enthusiasm surrounding the forthcoming World Cup. As the United Nations' agency in charge of physical education and sport, (UNESCO), promotes the values of sport and its role in forging more inclusive societies. Supporting women's football can thus serve as a powerful lever for the empowerment of women and girls, making our societies more inclusive.

It is within this framework that UNESCO and FIFA signed the Football for Schools partnership in Davos.



These Canadian Rocks May Be the Oldest on Earth

A close-up view of metagabbroic rocks from the Nuvvuagittuq greenstone belt in Nunavik, Quebec, Canada, that are 4.16 billion years old is seen in this photograph released on June 26, 2025. (Jonathan O'Neil/Handout via Reuters)
A close-up view of metagabbroic rocks from the Nuvvuagittuq greenstone belt in Nunavik, Quebec, Canada, that are 4.16 billion years old is seen in this photograph released on June 26, 2025. (Jonathan O'Neil/Handout via Reuters)
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These Canadian Rocks May Be the Oldest on Earth

A close-up view of metagabbroic rocks from the Nuvvuagittuq greenstone belt in Nunavik, Quebec, Canada, that are 4.16 billion years old is seen in this photograph released on June 26, 2025. (Jonathan O'Neil/Handout via Reuters)
A close-up view of metagabbroic rocks from the Nuvvuagittuq greenstone belt in Nunavik, Quebec, Canada, that are 4.16 billion years old is seen in this photograph released on June 26, 2025. (Jonathan O'Neil/Handout via Reuters)

Scientists have identified what could be the oldest rocks on Earth from a rock formation in Canada.

The Nuvvuagittuq Greenstone Belt has long been known for its ancient rocks — plains of streaked gray stone on the eastern shore of Hudson Bay in Quebec. But researchers disagree on exactly how old they are.

Work from two decades ago suggested the rocks could be 4.3 billion years old, placing them in the earliest period of Earth's history. But other scientists using a different dating method contested the finding, arguing that long-ago contaminants were skewing the rocks' age and that they were actually slightly younger at 3.8 billion years old.

In the new study, researchers sampled a different section of rock from the belt and estimated its age using the previous two dating techniques — measuring how one radioactive element decays into another over time. The result: The rocks were about 4.16 billion years old.

The different methods "gave exactly the same age,” said study author Jonathan O'Neil with the University of Ottawa.

The new research was published Thursday in the journal Science.

Earth formed about 4.5 billion years ago from a collapsing cloud of dust and gas soon after the solar system existed. Primordial rocks often get melted and recycled by Earth's moving tectonic plates, making them extremely rare on the surface today. Scientists have uncovered 4 billion-year-old rocks from another formation in Canada called the Acasta Gneiss Complex, but the Nuvvuagittuq rocks could be even older.

Studying rocks from Earth's earliest history could give a glimpse into how the planet may have looked — how its roiling magma oceans gave way to tectonic plates — and even how life got started.

“To have a sample of what was going on on Earth way back then is really valuable,” said Mark Reagan with the University of Iowa, who studies volcanic rocks and lava and was not involved with the new study.

The rock formation is on tribal Inukjuak lands and the local Inuit community has temporarily restricted scientists from taking samples from the site due to damage from previous visits.

After some geologists visited the site, large chunks of rock were missing and the community noticed pieces for sale online, said Tommy Palliser, who manages the land with the Pituvik Landholding Corp. The Inuit community wants to work with scientists to set up a provincial park that would protect the land while allowing researchers to study it.

“There's a lot of interest for these rocks, which we understand,” said Palliser, a member of the community. “We just don't want any more damage.”