Cannonball Suggests Napoleon Approached Victory at Waterloo

 Napoleon tries to lead the final assault by his Imperial Guard
at the Battle of Waterloo on 18 June, 1815 ( Hulton Archive/Getty
Images )
Napoleon tries to lead the final assault by his Imperial Guard at the Battle of Waterloo on 18 June, 1815 ( Hulton Archive/Getty Images )
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Cannonball Suggests Napoleon Approached Victory at Waterloo

 Napoleon tries to lead the final assault by his Imperial Guard
at the Battle of Waterloo on 18 June, 1815 ( Hulton Archive/Getty
Images )
Napoleon tries to lead the final assault by his Imperial Guard at the Battle of Waterloo on 18 June, 1815 ( Hulton Archive/Getty Images )

A cannonball discovered this week by archaeologists provides a further indication of how close Napoleon Bonaparte came to winning the Battle of Waterloo in 1815.

The 3 kilograms, rusty cannonball was found on Monday near the site of a field hospital about 600 meters behind lines on the battlefield in Belgium.

Tony Pollard, the head archaeologist at the site, told Reuters he believed it was fired by the French army, another sign of near Napoleon's troops came to victory in the battle described by the Duke of Wellington as a close-run thing.

"It represents the point at which Napoleon came closest to winning the battle of Waterloo, so it's an amazing discovery," said Pollard, director of the Centre for Battlefield Archaeology at the University of Glasgow. He is also leader of a team from UK charity Waterloo Uncovered that carries out periodic excavations at the site.

The team found the cannonball while excavating the site of a field hospital, where they found unexpected evidence of heavy fighting in the area and some human remains.

Tens of thousands of soldiers died at the battle of Waterloo, which saw Bonaparte's French army, go up against British, Belgian, Dutch, German and Prussian troops.

Bonaparte abdicated as emperor of France a few days after the French defeat at Waterloo and was exiled to the South Atlantic island of St. Helena, where he died in 1821.



Eel-eating Japan Opposes EU Call for More Protection

People on bicycles cross a street under the hot sun in Tokyo on June 20, 2025. (Photo by Kazuhiro NOGI / AFP)
People on bicycles cross a street under the hot sun in Tokyo on June 20, 2025. (Photo by Kazuhiro NOGI / AFP)
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Eel-eating Japan Opposes EU Call for More Protection

People on bicycles cross a street under the hot sun in Tokyo on June 20, 2025. (Photo by Kazuhiro NOGI / AFP)
People on bicycles cross a street under the hot sun in Tokyo on June 20, 2025. (Photo by Kazuhiro NOGI / AFP)

Japan's agriculture minister said Friday the country would oppose any call by the European Union to add eels to an endangered species list that would limit trade in them.

Eel is eaten worldwide but is particularly popular in Japan, where it is called "unagi" and traditionally served grilled after being covered in a sticky-sweet sauce.

Minister Shinjiro Koizumi told reporters that the country carefully manages stock levels of the Japanese eel in cooperation with neighboring China, Taiwan and South Korea.

"There is a sufficient population, and it faces no extinction risk due to international trade," AFP quoted him as saying.

Japanese media have reported that the EU could soon propose that all eel species be added to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) which limits trade of protected animals.

There are 19 species and subspecies of eel, many of them now threatened due to a range of factors including pollution and overfishing.

In 2014, the Japanese eel was listed as endangered, but not critically endangered, by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, which cited factors including habitat loss, overfishing, pollution and migration barriers.

Protecting the animal is complicated by their complex life cycle, which unfolds over a vast area, and the many unknowns about how they reproduce.