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Tunisia Hands out Prisoners' Rights Guide

All detainees and guards in Tunisian prisons are set to have access a guide outlining prisoners' rights by the end of March 2020. (AFP)
All detainees and guards in Tunisian prisons are set to have access a guide outlining prisoners' rights by the end of March 2020. (AFP)
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Tunisia Hands out Prisoners' Rights Guide

All detainees and guards in Tunisian prisons are set to have access a guide outlining prisoners' rights by the end of March 2020. (AFP)
All detainees and guards in Tunisian prisons are set to have access a guide outlining prisoners' rights by the end of March 2020. (AFP)

Tunisian authorities on Tuesday began distributing a guide outlining prisoners' rights to be kept in all detention facilities, AFP witnessed.

The guide was handed out to detainees at Mornaguia, the main prison in central Tunisia, close to the capital Tunis.

The 120-page manual contains 255 simple questions, ranging from "What disciplinary punishments can be imposed?" to "How often are inmates allowed access to a shower?".

All detainees and guards are set to have access the document by the end of March 2020.

Alongside the distribution of a more technical document to relevant professionals, the initiative aims to "spread the culture of human rights in prisons", according to Justice Minister Karim Jamoussi.

Nine years after a revolution that put an end to a police state in which torture and arbitrary detention were widespread, formal justice reform has been slow to materialize.

The penal code and procedures are in the process of being amended, and in the last 12 months key organizations, including state and rights bodies, have worked together to draft laws from existing texts.

Tunisia's director general of prisons, Elyes Zalleg, said, "the manual should improve guards' ethics".

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Air Pollution from Fires Linked to 1.5 Million Deaths a Year

The study was released a week after Ecuador declared a national emergency due to forest fires. Galo Paguay / AFP/File
The study was released a week after Ecuador declared a national emergency due to forest fires. Galo Paguay / AFP/File
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Air Pollution from Fires Linked to 1.5 Million Deaths a Year

The study was released a week after Ecuador declared a national emergency due to forest fires. Galo Paguay / AFP/File
The study was released a week after Ecuador declared a national emergency due to forest fires. Galo Paguay / AFP/File

Air pollution caused by fires is linked to more than 1.5 million deaths a year worldwide, the vast majority occurring in developing countries, a major new study said on Thursday.
This death toll is expected to rise in the coming years as climate change makes wildfires more frequent and intense, according to the study in The Lancet journal.
The international team of researchers looked at existing data on "landscape fires", which include both wildfires that rage through nature and planned fires such as controlled burns on farming land.
Around 450,000 deaths a year from heart disease were linked to fire-related air pollution between 2000 and 2019, the researchers said.
A further 220,000 deaths from respiratory disease were attributed to the smoke and particulates spewed into the air by fire, AFP said.
From all causes around the world, a total of 1.53 million annual deaths were associated with air pollution from landscape fires, according to the study.
More than 90 percent of these deaths were in low and middle-income countries, it added, with nearly 40 percent in sub-Saharan Africa alone.
The countries with the highest death tolls were China, the Democratic Republic of Congo, India, Indonesia, and Nigeria.
A record amount of illegal burning of farm fields in northern India has been partly blamed for noxious smog that has recently been choking the capital New Delhi.
The authors of the Lancet study called for "urgent action" to address the huge death toll from landscape fires.
The disparity between rich and poor nations further highlights "climate injustice", in which those who have contributed the least to global warming suffer from it the most, they added.
Some of the ways people can avoid smoke from fires -- such as moving away from the area, using air purifiers and masks, or staying indoors -- are not available to people in poorer countries, the researchers pointed out.
So they called for more financial and technological support for people in the hardest-hit countries.
The study was released a week after UN climate talks where delegates agreed to a boost in climate funding that developing countries slammed as insufficient.
It also came after Ecuador declared a national emergency over forest fires that have razed more than 10,000 hectares in the country's south.
The world has also been battered by hurricanes, droughts, floods and other extreme weather events during what is expected to be the hottest year in recorded history.