Displaced Libyans Await Humanitarian Truce to Return to Destroyed Homes

The inside of a house damaged by shelling in Abu Salim in Tripoli, Libya April 15, 2019. REUTERS/Hani Amara
The inside of a house damaged by shelling in Abu Salim in Tripoli, Libya April 15, 2019. REUTERS/Hani Amara
TT

Displaced Libyans Await Humanitarian Truce to Return to Destroyed Homes

The inside of a house damaged by shelling in Abu Salim in Tripoli, Libya April 15, 2019. REUTERS/Hani Amara
The inside of a house damaged by shelling in Abu Salim in Tripoli, Libya April 15, 2019. REUTERS/Hani Amara

Libyan refugees living on the outskirts of the capital Tripoli received the news of the “humanitarian truce” agreed upon by the warring factions with mixed feelings, expressing hope that it would go into effect as soon as possible so that they could return to their homes, some of which had been destroyed by the war.

According to the estimates of the Ministry for Displaced and Refugee Affairs of the Government of National Accord, over 350,000 citizens have been displaced by the military operation on the capital, most of them are women, children, elderly or have special needs and live in shelters or abandoned buildings.

The indiscriminate shelling of forces loyal to the GNA and the Libyan National Army (LNA) severely damaged the homes that their owners had fled, and some of them were inhabited by fighters and looters.

Despite this, the displaced hope to return home soon, ignoring the dangers that they may face on their way as happened in the past to others who did the same while there had been a truce.

Warith Al-Warfalli, who resides in a none operational factory on the outskirts of the capital, tells Asharq Al-Awsat that returning to his house in the neighborhood of Wadi Al Rabi, 4 km from the capital, is nonetheless better than him and his family continuing to live out in the open.

However, he knows that it is risky, pointing out that “three citizens were killed by snipers when they went to check up on their homes three months ago”.

"We are living in constant misery, whether we live in shelters outside the areas being bombed or even inside our homes. However, over there, we would die in our homes.”

He continued, “We want to spend the rest of Ramadan between their walls. I hope that the war will come to its permanent conclusion, and that bloodshed ends.”

As the living conditions of thousands of people deteriorated, local and Western parties have called for a "humanitarian truce.”

They also stressed the need for safe routes to be guaranteed as quickly as possible so that aid could be distributed to families, especially in Bani Walid and Tarhuna, and Qasr bin Ghashir.

With a sad tone, Amina al-Hassi, the spokeswoman for the Initiative to Save Feminist Libya, told Asharq Al-Awsat that the situation in Tripoli is "miserable, youths are dying during the holy month, and a quick solution must be reached to prevent bloodshed."

Until the anticipated truce is achieved, life will continue to be extremely difficult for the majority of Libyans.

Eyewitnesses tell Asharq Al-Awsat that the past few weeks have been the most violent in months. The indiscriminate shelling has killed more than 600 civilians, including 50 medical personnel, 67 women and 86 children, in addition to wounding approximately 1,500 people.

Shortly before Ramadan began, in a joint statement, Germany, France, Italy and the High Representative of the European Union called for a “humanitarian truce” in Libya to mark the holy month. “We want to unite our voices to those of UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres and his Acting Special Representative for Libya, Stephanie Turco Williams, in their call for a humanitarian truce in Libya,” they said.



Iran Presidential Candidate Jalili Is Fiercely Loyal to Khamenei

Presidential candidate Saeed Jalili votes at a polling station in a snap presidential election to choose a successor to Ebrahim Raisi following his death in a helicopter crash, in Tehran, Iran June 28, 2024. Stringer/WANA (West Asia News Agency) via Reuters
Presidential candidate Saeed Jalili votes at a polling station in a snap presidential election to choose a successor to Ebrahim Raisi following his death in a helicopter crash, in Tehran, Iran June 28, 2024. Stringer/WANA (West Asia News Agency) via Reuters
TT

Iran Presidential Candidate Jalili Is Fiercely Loyal to Khamenei

Presidential candidate Saeed Jalili votes at a polling station in a snap presidential election to choose a successor to Ebrahim Raisi following his death in a helicopter crash, in Tehran, Iran June 28, 2024. Stringer/WANA (West Asia News Agency) via Reuters
Presidential candidate Saeed Jalili votes at a polling station in a snap presidential election to choose a successor to Ebrahim Raisi following his death in a helicopter crash, in Tehran, Iran June 28, 2024. Stringer/WANA (West Asia News Agency) via Reuters

Saeed Jalili, a zealous ideologue loyal to Iran's supreme leader, plans to resolve the country's social, political and economic ills by adhering rigidly to the hardline ideals of the 1979 revolution if he wins the country's presidential election.

Jalili was narrowly beaten in Friday's first round vote by moderate Massoud Pezeshkian but the two men will now face a run-off election on July 5, since Pezeshkian did not secure the majority of 50% plus one vote of ballots cast needed to win outright.

Jalili, a former diplomat, describes himself as a pious believer in "velayat-e faqih", or rule by supreme jurisprudence, the system of Islamic government that provides the basis for Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei's paramount position.

His staunch defense of the 45-year-old revolution appears designed to appeal to hardline, religiously-devout lower-income voters but offered little to young and urban Iranians frustrated by curbs on political and social freedoms.

Once Iran's top nuclear negotiator, Jalili, 58, was one of four candidates in the election for a successor to Ebrahim Raisi, who was killed in a helicopter crash in May.

He is currently a member of a body that mediates in disputes between parliament and the Guardian Council, a body that screens election candidates for their political and Islamic qualifications.

A staunch anti-Westerner, Jalili's advance to the second round signals the possibility of an even more antagonistic turn in the republic's foreign and domestic policy, analysts said.

Foreign and nuclear policy are the domain of Khamenei, who wields supreme command of the armed forces, has the power to declare war and appoints senior figures including armed forces commanders, judicial heads and the head of the state media.

However, the president can influence the tone of foreign and domestic policy.

Insiders and analysts say Khamenei, 85, seeks a strongly loyal president to run the government day-to-day and to be a trusted ally who can ensure stability, amid maneuvering over the eventual succession to his own position.

UNCOMPROMISING STANCE

Jalili is an opponent of Tehran's 2015 nuclear pact with major powers that was negotiated on the Iranian side by a group of pragmatic officials open to detente with the West.

Then-President Donald Trump reneged on the accord in 2018 and reimposed sanctions that have crippled Iran's economy. With the possible return of Trump to the White House after November's US presidential election and Jalili's possible election win, the deal's resurgence seems improbable.

Before the nuclear pact, Jalili served as Iran's top nuclear negotiator for five years from 2007, a period in which Tehran took a confrontational and uncompromising approach to discussions with global powers about its uranium enrichment program.

In those years, three UN Security Council resolutions were imposed on Iran, and several attempts to resolve the dispute failed.

During the current election campaign, Jalili was heavily criticized in debates on state TV by other candidates for his uncompromising nuclear stance and his opposition to Iran signing up to two conventions on financial crime recommended by the Financial Action Taskforce, an international crime watchdog.

Some hardliners, like Jalili, argue that the acceptance of the Convention on Combating the Financing of Terrorism and the Convention on Combating Transnational Organized Crime could hamper Iran's support for its paramilitary proxies across the region, including Lebanon's Hezbollah.

PRODUCT OF THE REVOLUTION

Jalili has been trying for the presidency for years. He finished third in the 2013 contest, and stood again in 2021 but eventually withdrew to support Raisi.

Born in the city of Mashhad in 1965, Jalili lost his right leg in the 1980s in fighting during the Iran-Iraq war and joined the Foreign Ministry in 1989. Despite his hardline views, he is outwardly soft-spoken.

He gained a doctorate in political science at Imam Sadiq University, a training ground for Iranian leaders.

For four years from 2001, he worked at Khamenei's office.

When hardliner Mahmoud Ahmadinejad was elected president in 2005, he chose Jalili to be his adviser, and within months made him deputy foreign minister.

Jalili was appointed in 2007 as the secretary of Iran's Supreme National Security Council, a post that automatically made him chief nuclear negotiator.