Iraq's Local Businesses Thrive amid Lockdown

Iraqis walk through a fresh produce market in the southern Iraqi city of Basra as some lockdown restrictions imposed during the novel coronavirus pandemic have been eased. AFP
Iraqis walk through a fresh produce market in the southern Iraqi city of Basra as some lockdown restrictions imposed during the novel coronavirus pandemic have been eased. AFP
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Iraq's Local Businesses Thrive amid Lockdown

Iraqis walk through a fresh produce market in the southern Iraqi city of Basra as some lockdown restrictions imposed during the novel coronavirus pandemic have been eased. AFP
Iraqis walk through a fresh produce market in the southern Iraqi city of Basra as some lockdown restrictions imposed during the novel coronavirus pandemic have been eased. AFP

A national lockdown in Iraq to contain the spread of the novel coronavirus pandemic has been favored by local businesses who no longer have to compete with Turkish, Iranian or Chinese imports.

Amin Qassem, who has operated in an ice cream factory in the oil-rich province of Basra since 2006 expressed his satisfaction over the new circumstances.

"The coronavirus crisis has allowed us to prove ourselves on the Iraqi market," he said.

"When there was cheap ice cream coming in from Iran, I had to lower my prices to sell so that my ice cream wouldn't be stuck melting in storage," he added .

"Now, I can sell at higher prices. We were able to win back the same markets where imports once crushed us."

Meanwhile, Hadi Abbud, who owns a plastics factory also in Basra, has already reported an exponential surge in orders for plastic tubing, usually brought in from China, AFP reported.

His factory has been working 24/7 to mould, cut and polish thick plastic cylinders proudly stamped "Made in Iraq."

"These days, I'm getting new orders for plastic tubes faster than I can even produce them," said Abbud, his white hair meticulously combed back.

Sales are so good he is planning to recruit another 50 workers for his 100-man factory.

"The situation has really changed," Abbud said, his smile barely concealed by the face mask he wore as part of mandated social distancing in his factory.

According to AFP, even at sea, the difference is notable.

"Starting around a month ago, there have been many more fish," said Mohammed Fadel, who sells his daily catch at a stand in Basra's downtown market.

In Basra's markets, tables are now heaving with rows of silvery fish and buckets of prawns, carefully examined by shoppers in gloves and masks.

The catches are so plentiful that a kilogramme of "zubeidy," a local sea bream, has dropped from $16 to $9.

"The number of fish -- and the prices -- are just extraordinary," said Fadel.



Saudi Arabia Begins Marketing International Bonds Following 2025 Borrowing Plan Announcement

Riyadh (Reuters)
Riyadh (Reuters)
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Saudi Arabia Begins Marketing International Bonds Following 2025 Borrowing Plan Announcement

Riyadh (Reuters)
Riyadh (Reuters)

Saudi Arabia has entered global debt markets with a planned sale of bonds in three tranches, aiming to use the proceeds to cover budget deficits and repay outstanding debt, according to IFR (International Financing Review).

The indicative pricing for the three-year bonds is set at 120 basis points above US Treasury bonds, while the six- and ten-year bonds are priced at 130 and 140 basis points above US Treasuries, respectively, as reported by Reuters.

The bonds, expected to be of benchmark size (typically at least $500 million), come a day after Saudi Arabia unveiled its 2025 borrowing plan. The Kingdom’s financing needs for the year are estimated at SAR 139 billion ($37 billion), with SAR 101 billion ($26.8 billion) allocated to cover the budget deficit and the remainder to service existing debt.

The National Debt Management Center (NDMC) announced that Finance Minister Mohammed Al-Jadaan had approved the 2025 borrowing plan following its endorsement by the NDMC Board. The plan highlights public debt developments for 2024, domestic debt market initiatives, and the 2025 financing roadmap, including the Kingdom’s issuance calendar for local sukuk denominated in Saudi Riyals.

The NDMC emphasized that Saudi Arabia aims to enhance sustainable access to debt markets and broaden its investor base. For 2025, the Kingdom will continue diversifying its domestic and international financing channels to meet funding needs efficiently. Plans include issuing sovereign debt instruments at fair prices under risk management frameworks and pursuing specialized financing opportunities to support economic growth, such as export credit agency-backed funding, infrastructure development financing, and exploring new markets and currencies.

Recently, Saudi Arabia secured a $2.5 billion Sharia-compliant revolving credit facility for three years from three regional and international financial institutions to address budgetary needs.

In 2024, Saudi Arabia issued $17 billion in dollar-denominated bonds, including $12 billion in January and $5 billion in sukuk in May. Rating agencies have recognized the Kingdom’s financial stability. In November, Moody’s upgraded Saudi Arabia’s rating to “AA3,” while Fitch assigned an “A+” rating, both with stable outlooks. S&P Global rated the Kingdom at “A/A-1” with a positive outlook, reflecting its low credit risk and strong capacity to meet financial obligations.

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) estimated Saudi Arabia’s public debt-to-GDP ratio at 26.2% for 2024, describing it as low and sustainable. The IMF projects this ratio to reach 35% by 2029, with foreign borrowing playing a significant role in financing fiscal deficits.