A nurse weighs Afaf Hussein, 10, who is malnourished, at the malnutrition treatment ward of al-Sabeen hospital in Sanaa, Yemen, January 31, 2019. REUTERS/Khaled Abdullah
A nurse weighs Afaf Hussein, 10, who is malnourished, at the malnutrition treatment ward of al-Sabeen hospital in Sanaa, Yemen, January 31, 2019. REUTERS/Khaled Abdullah
Sabri Moneef, an internally displaced Yemeni who left Hodeidah for Sanaa, voiced his deep concerns and fears towards relief agencies halving their aid as per their announcement last April.
Moneef says he dreads that his family, which is very dependent on food aid, will be cut off completely and left to starve.
As a father of eight children, Moneef complains that he is being denied his share of food baskets distributed by the UN after aid having come to a halt. Houthis in Sanaa claim that it was the UN that stopped the aid.
Moneef, 43, says the last time his family received any aid was in Ramadan. Even then the food basket they received was missing cooking oil and sugar. The impoverished refugee in Sanaa claims that Houthis had plundered the missing items given that they were in charge of aid distribution in the coup-held capital.
He also talks about hundreds of IDPs in Sanaa who have not received their food aid for over four months, as they face several Houthi obstacles that prevent them from obtaining aid allocated for them.
According to local statistics, there are more than 60,000 Yemeni families who have been displaced during the past years to Sanaa due to the Houthi-waged war.
The livelihood of these families mainly depends on the international relief aid provided to them.
A number of international donors, including the US, have cut aid to Yemenis as a result of their suspicions that their previous contributions were being seized and diverted to militia-controlled areas, instead of being distributed to the needy.
Relief officials said that they had faced many delays in the past in obtaining the necessary approvals and statements by the Houthi militias to deliver aid. They also added that their employees are exposed to abuse and detention by the group's militants.
Barrack Pushes Baghdad and Erbil Toward Oil Dispute Settlement
Kurdistan Region Prime Minister Masrour Barzani receives US envoy Tom Barrack in Erbil on June 16, 2026 (Government Media)
Kurdish politicians say US envoy Tom Barrack discussed possible ways to resolve the long-running oil dispute with Baghdad during his visit to Erbil, the capital of Iraq's Kurdistan Region, last week. However, they ruled out the possibility that the country's severe financial crisis would lead to the passage of a permanent federal law regulating natural resources.
Since March 2007, when the federal government led by Nouri al-Maliki submitted the first draft of the legislation, successive parliamentary terms have failed to pass a law that was intended to define how natural resources are produced and revenues distributed. Instead, political forces have relied on fragile political understandings to manage the issue.
Discussion over the law resurfaced following Barrack's visit to Erbil on June 16, 2026, during which he held meetings with regional government officials and leaders of the two main Kurdish parties. Local platforms circulated reports suggesting that the US envoy was "optimistic about Prime Minister Ali Al-Zaidi's ability to resolve the traditional disputes with Erbil."
Former Kurdish member of the Iraqi parliament Majid Shankali told Asharq Al-Awsat that Barrack discussed strengthening US-Iraqi cooperation in the energy sector, both with Baghdad and Erbil, as well as modernizing the Kirkuk-Baniyas pipeline, through which Iraqi oil is transported to Syria and onward to the Mediterranean
Former lawmaker Mayada Al-Najjar said the oil dispute between Baghdad and Erbil has moved "from a stage of stagnation to one of serious negotiations."
Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat, Al-Najjar said that "communications between Baghdad and Erbil have gained clear momentum in recent weeks, with exchanges of visits and meetings among senior officials focused on resuming oil exports, settling financial issues, and preparing the ground for the passage of an oil and gas law."
What Is the Root of the Dispute?
Observers tend to believe that political disagreements have always been the primary obstacle to passing the law. At the same time, disputes over the interpretation of constitutional provisions, including the powers of the Kurdistan Region, have remained unresolved in most political settlements.
The dispute continues over whether the Kurdistan Region has the right to contract directly with foreign companies and pursue independent oil projects, or whether the federal government is the sole authority empowered to do so under the constitution and existing laws. Sharp differences also persist regarding discovered oil fields and the nature of contracts signed, whether under service agreements or production-sharing arrangements.
The Kurdistan Region attempted to address the legal vacuumwhen its parliament passed a regional oil and gas law in August 2007. However, Iraq's Federal Supreme Court effectively nullified the legislation when it issued a ruling in February 2022 challenging its legal basis.
"There is no hope in the foreseeable future of passing an oil and gas law," Shankali said, citing "Baghdad's strong tendency to consolidate full centralized control over the region's oil resources."
Shankali, a member of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, said Prime Minister Ali Al-Zaidi "will not be able to pass an oil and gas law through the Iraqi parliament without an agreement among the political blocs represented in parliament." He expressed regret that "the current parliament has yet to reach a formula acceptable to Erbil, Baghdad, and the oil-producing provinces that would allow the law to be passed and finally end disputes that have persisted for more than 20 years."
He predicted that political forces would continue "managing the crisis, as before, through temporary agreements between the federal government and the regional government." That would mean maintaining the latest arrangement that led to the adoption of the three-year federal budget law during the government of Mohammed Shia Al-Sudani.
In June 2023, political forces in Baghdad, led by the Coordination Framework and the Kurdistan Democratic Party, agreed on a financial settlement under which the Kurdistan Region would deliver 250,000 barrels of oil per day after deducting the region's share for domestic consumption. The agreement also allowed Kirkuk crude to be transported through the Kurdistan pipeline to Türkiye's Ceyhan port, in exchange for the federal government's commitment to pay the region's share of the state budget.
"In the coming phase, this agreement could be further developed between Baghdad and Erbil, given all sides' desire to confront the severe financial crisis," Shankali said.
Masoud Barzani, with Mazloum Abdi beside him, during talks with US envoy Tom Barrack in Erbil (File photo: Kurdistan Democratic Party)
Positive Signs
Sobhi Al-Mandalawi, a member of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, pointed to what he described as "positive indicators" since Al-Zaidi assumed office as prime minister.
Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat, Al-Mandalawi said that "the new Iraqi government moved early in its tenure to engage positively with the national and domestic environment, including contentious issues such as relations with Erbil." He added that "the Kurdistan Regional Government, led by Masrour Barzani, views these indicators positively."
However, Al-Mandalawi suggested that efforts to resolve disputes between the two governments may gather momentum under pressure from the international community, particularly the United States.
He stressed that the Kurdistan Democratic Party has consistently partnered with every new government in Baghdad in seeking the passage of an oil and gas law. Although he hopes the legislation can be approved during the current parliamentary term, he argued that "the same political forces that opposed a legislative settlement in the past will continue to use every means available to prevent the law from being passed."
Former lawmaker Mayada Al-Najjar said there are "encouraging signs" that the disputes could be resolved, reflected in growing cooperation between the two sides in both security and economic coordination.
In mid-June 2026, an Iraqi military delegation headed by Army Chief of Staff Lt. Gen. Abdul Amir Rashid Yarallah conducted meetings and field visits in Erbil, including inspections of several oil fields, to assess security conditions and discuss measures aimed at protecting facilities and personnel.
Despite political indicators suggesting Baghdad and Erbil are moving closer to resolving the oil dispute, Al-Najjar said any definitive progress should be measured by an official announcement of a final or comprehensive agreement between Kurdistan Democratic Party leader Masoud Barzani and Prime Minister Ali Al-Zaidi that would fully settle the oil and gas crisis.
Iran’s Top Diplomat Speaks with Hamashttps://english.aawsat.com/arab-world/5287894-iran%E2%80%99s-top-diplomat-speaks-hamas
Iran's Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi arrives for a bilateral meeting with Switzerland's counterpart at the Burgenstock luxury hotel complex overlooking Lake Lucerne, Switzerland, on June 21, 2026, ahead of high-level talks aimed at advancing a deal to end the Middle East conflict. (AFP)
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Iran’s Top Diplomat Speaks with Hamas
Iran's Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi arrives for a bilateral meeting with Switzerland's counterpart at the Burgenstock luxury hotel complex overlooking Lake Lucerne, Switzerland, on June 21, 2026, ahead of high-level talks aimed at advancing a deal to end the Middle East conflict. (AFP)
Iran's top diplomat spoke with a senior official from the Palestinian group Hamas regarding talks between Iran and the United States, state television reported on Wednesday.
Abbas Araghchi discussed the "latest developments" in the region with Basem Naeem, a member of Hamas's political bureau, Iranian television said.
The call follows the signing last week of a memorandum of understanding between Iran and the United States aimed at bringing a lasting end to hostilities in the Middle East.
The text does not mention Gaza but stipulates "an immediate and permanent cessation of military operations on all fronts, including in Lebanon".
Hamas has welcomed the agreement and expressed hope that it would also help end the violence in the Gaza Strip, which has been devastated by over two years of war with Israel.
Iran is a staunch supporter of the Palestinian cause, making it a cornerstone of its foreign policy since the 1979 revolution.
During the call, Araghchi "reaffirmed Iran's continued support for Palestinians and their just cause until their legitimate national rights are fully realized", according to a transcript reported by Iranian television.
On Tuesday, the Iranian foreign minister accompanied President Masoud Pezeshkian on a visit to neighboring Pakistan, which has been acting as a mediator in the talks between Tehran and Washington.
Nabil Fahmy’s Priorities at Arab League Helm: Reform and Strengthening Arab Coordination https://english.aawsat.com/arab-world/5287887-nabil-fahmy%E2%80%99s-priorities-arab-league-helm-reform-and-strengthening-arab
Nabil Fahmy’s Priorities at Arab League Helm: Reform and Strengthening Arab Coordination
New Secretary-General of the Arab League Nabil Fahmy. (Facebook)
In his first statement as the newly appointed secretary-general of the Arab League, Nabil Fahmy outlined what he sees as the organization’s key priorities for the coming years: modernizing its mechanisms and deepening Arab consultation and coordination.
After the Arab League approved his appointment on Monday, Fahmy said his five-year term, which begins on July 1, would focus on updating the organization and adapting its working methods to keep pace with rapid regional and international changes.
He stressed that the current phase requires closer Arab coordination to confront the crises and security threats facing the region, while strengthening cooperation to capitalize on emerging opportunities and turn existing challenges into drivers of stability and development.
Describing his unanimous selection as a “historic responsibility at a sensitive and pivotal moment,” Fahmy said the Arab world is confronting major challenges amid fast-moving regional and global transformations.
These conditions, he argued, demand stronger collective action, the defense of Arab interests, and a renewed commitment to solidarity among member states.
Fahmy underlined respect for the sovereignty, security, and territorial integrity of Arab states, as well as support for national efforts to achieve sustainable development and improve living standards.
He pledged that the Arab League would remain “the common home of the Arabs” and continue serving as a platform for dialogue, consultation, and coordination.
Egyptian President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi meets the new Secretary-General of the Arab League Nabil Fahmy (Egyptian Presidency)
Changing strategic landscape
Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat, Egyptian diplomat Mohamed Hegazy, a member of the Egyptian Council for Foreign Affairs and a former assistant foreign minister, said Fahmy’s priorities reflect a clear reading of the region’s realities.
“The Arab League must evolve in ways that add real value to collective Arab action,” Hegazy said, arguing that deeper consultation among Arab states will be essential to rebuilding confidence in the institution.
He pointed to a rapidly shifting strategic environment marked by the repercussions of the US-Iran conflict, the ongoing war in Gaza, the protracted crises in Sudan, Libya, and Yemen, and broader changes in the international order.
According to Hegazy, Fahmy’s unanimous election reflects broad confidence in his diplomatic experience, extensive regional and international ties, and ability to help reposition the Arab League at a particularly complex moment.
Fahmy succeeds fellow Egyptian Ahmed Aboul Gheit, who led the organization from 2016 to 2026. He will become the Arab League’s ninth secretary-general since its founding in 1945 and the eighth Egyptian to hold the post.
Rebuilding trust
Hegazy said that Fahmy’s first challenge will be restoring political confidence in the Arab League as a forum for Arab consensus rather than a body confined to meetings and communiques.
“The real challenge is not administrative reform, but convincing member states that the League can generate political value and manage disagreements through institutional mechanisms,” he explained.
According to Hegazy, institutional reform is also likely to include a review of decision-making procedures, a stronger role for research centers, and greater use of technology and artificial intelligence to support policymaking.
The League may also place greater emphasis on development, economic integration, digital transformation, energy, and food and water security - issues increasingly viewed as central to modern Arab national security.
Ultimately, Hegazy said, Fahmy’s success will depend on his ability to transform the Arab League from an institution that reflects Arab divisions into one that helps overcome them, forging a common Arab vision for security, development, and engagement with a rapidly changing world.
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