Lebanon's Economic Crisis Upends Eid Tradition

Tradition dictates that Muslims donate cuts of mutton during Friday's Eid al-Adha festival. AFP
Tradition dictates that Muslims donate cuts of mutton during Friday's Eid al-Adha festival. AFP
TT

Lebanon's Economic Crisis Upends Eid Tradition

Tradition dictates that Muslims donate cuts of mutton during Friday's Eid al-Adha festival. AFP
Tradition dictates that Muslims donate cuts of mutton during Friday's Eid al-Adha festival. AFP

Tradition dictates that Muslims donate cuts of mutton during Friday's Eid al-Adha festival, which would spell brisk business for butcher Abdulrazak Darwish but Lebanon's economic crisis has cast a pall over his trade.

"This year has been the worst for us because of soaring inflation," said the 54-year-old resident of the northern city of Tripoli.

"There is no demand for meat or requests from clients to slaughter sheep this Eid al-Adha," he told AFP from inside his nearly empty store near the city's port.

Thousands of sheep are usually slaughtered annually in Lebanon at Eid al-Adha -- the festival of sacrifice -- one of two major holy days observed by Muslims across the world.

It is custom for the better-off to donate cuts of mutton to needy members of their community as a form of religious charity during the holiday.

But that might not happen this year, as the country is now mired in its worst economic crisis since the 1975-1990 civil war.

The Lebanese pound has in past months lost around 80 percent of its value against the dollar on the black market.

In a country where most consumer goods are imported, that devaluation has had a huge impact on prices and the purchasing power of ordinary Lebanese.

In Darwish's butcher shop, one lonely cut of mutton hangs from a hook. Fridges next to it are completely empty.

For the vast majority of people whose income is not in dollars, the cost of a sheep has more than tripled since last year.

Darwish said the price he pays his suppliers is already prohibitive and leaves him with "no margin to make a profit".

- Dwindling donations -

Tripoli already harbored some of the country's poorest but the combined effect of the monetary crisis and lockdowns because of the coronavirus is sentencing thousands of families to hunger.

This has upset Eid al-Adha mutton donations, said Sheikh Nabil Rahim, who connects wealthy families with the needy during the Islamic holiday.

"Donations have severely dwindled by more than 80 percent which means no mutton this Eid al-Adha," he told AFP from his office..

"A big segment of the Lebanese population are now preoccupied with themselves and their personal problems as a result of the economic crisis," he added.

Sitting on a chair outside her Tripoli apartment, Mona al-Masri said she is preparing for a frugal Eid al-Adha this year because of the downturn.

"Our priorities have changed," said the 51-year-old, explaining she is not planning to buy any meat for the feast, which usually abounds with lamb and mutton.

Instead, she will prepare dishes using lentils, vegetables and herbs, she told AFP, explaining she usually relies on donations for mutton.

"This year it seems no one is planning to distribute anything," she said.



World's Glaciers are Losing Record Ice as Global Temperatures Climb, UN Says

(FILES) Alpinists climb the "Voie royale", way to go to the Mont-Blanc to the top of the glacier of Tete Rousse, a 3.200 meter peak in the French Alps, on June 30, 2011. (Photo by JEAN-PIERRE CLATOT / AFP)
(FILES) Alpinists climb the "Voie royale", way to go to the Mont-Blanc to the top of the glacier of Tete Rousse, a 3.200 meter peak in the French Alps, on June 30, 2011. (Photo by JEAN-PIERRE CLATOT / AFP)
TT

World's Glaciers are Losing Record Ice as Global Temperatures Climb, UN Says

(FILES) Alpinists climb the "Voie royale", way to go to the Mont-Blanc to the top of the glacier of Tete Rousse, a 3.200 meter peak in the French Alps, on June 30, 2011. (Photo by JEAN-PIERRE CLATOT / AFP)
(FILES) Alpinists climb the "Voie royale", way to go to the Mont-Blanc to the top of the glacier of Tete Rousse, a 3.200 meter peak in the French Alps, on June 30, 2011. (Photo by JEAN-PIERRE CLATOT / AFP)

Glaciers around the globe are disappearing faster than ever, with the last three-year period seeing the largest glacial mass loss on record, according to a UNESCO report released on Friday.

The 9,000 gigatons of ice lost from glaciers since 1975 are roughly equivalent to "an ice block the size of Germany with the thickness of 25 meters," Michael Zemp, director of the Switzerland-based World Glacier Monitoring Service, said during a press conference announcing the report at the UN headquarters in Geneva.

The dramatic ice loss, from the Arctic to the Alps, from South America to the Tibetan Plateau, is expected to accelerate as climate change, caused by the burning of fossil fuels, pushes global temperatures higher. This would likely exacerbate economic, environmental and social problems across the world as sea levels rise and these key water sources dwindle.

The report coincides with a UNESCO summit in Paris marking the first World Day for Glaciers, urging global action to protect glaciers around the world, Reuters said.

Zemp said that five of the last six years registered the largest losses, with glaciers losing 450 gigatons of mass in 2024 alone.

The accelerated loss has made mountain glaciers one of the largest contributors to sea level rise, putting millions at risk of devastating floods and damaging water routes that billions of people depend on for hydroelectric energy and agriculture.

Stefan Uhlenbrook, the director of water and cryosphere at the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), said that about 275,000 glaciers remain globally which, along with the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets, comprise about 70% of the world's freshwater.

"We need to advance our scientific knowledge, we need to advance through better observing systems, through better forecasts and better early warning systems for the planet and the people," Uhlenbrook said.

DANGERS AND DEITIES

About 1.1 billion people live in mountain communities, which suffer the most immediate impacts of glacier loss, due to the increasing risks with natural hazards and unreliable water sources. The remote locations and difficult terrains also make cheap fixes difficult to come by.

Rising temperatures are expected to worsen droughts in areas that rely on snowpack for freshwater, while increasing both the severity and frequency of hazards like avalanches, landslides, flash floods and glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs).

One Peruvian farmer living downstream of a retreating glacier has taken the issue to court, suing German energy giant RWE for a portion of the glacial lake's flood defenses proportionate to its historic global emissions.

"The changes we see in the field are literally heartbreaking," glaciologist Heidi Sevestre, secretariat at the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program, told Reuters outside the UNESCO headquarters in Paris on Wednesday.

"Things in certain regions are happening actually much faster than we anticipated," Sevestre added, noting a recent trip to the Rwenzori Mountains, located in Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo in East Africa, where glaciers are now expected to disappear by 2030.

Sevestre has worked with the region's indigenous Bakonzo communities who believe a deity called Kitasamba lives in the glaciers.

"Can you imagine the deep spiritual connection, this strong attachment they have towards the glaciers and what it might mean for them that their glaciers are disappearing?" Sevestre said.

Glacial melt in East Africa has led to increased local conflicts over water, according to the new UNESCO report, and while the impact on a global scale is minimal, the trickle of melting glaciers around the world is having a compounding impact.

Between 2000 and 2023, melting mountain glaciers have caused 18 millimeters of global sea level rise, about 1 mm per year. Every millimeter can expose up to 300,000 people to annual flooding, according to the World Glacier Monitoring Service.

"Billions of people are connected to glaciers, whether they know it or not, and that will require billions of people to protect them," Sevestre said.