Libya’s GNA Factions Clash Amid Increasing 'Popular Discontent'

Libyans protest at Martyrs' Square in Tripoli, Libya (File photo: Reuters)
Libyans protest at Martyrs' Square in Tripoli, Libya (File photo: Reuters)
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Libya’s GNA Factions Clash Amid Increasing 'Popular Discontent'

Libyans protest at Martyrs' Square in Tripoli, Libya (File photo: Reuters)
Libyans protest at Martyrs' Square in Tripoli, Libya (File photo: Reuters)

Disputes between factions of the Libyan Government of National Accord (GNA), chaired by Fayez al-Sarraj, have increased over calls for rallies against the cabinet in the capital Tripoli.

Sarraj’s deputy, Ahmed Maiteeq, has asked the military prosecutor in Tripoli to take measures against Tripoli military official, Abdulbaset Marwan.

Recently, Marwan accused Maiteeq and other members of the GNA Presidential Council of working for local and foreign powers seeking to topple the GNA chief.

Maiteeq asked the military prosecutor to investigate this issue and take legal action against it, in accordance with the penal code and military procedures, and provide him with the result within 48 hours.

However, this did not prevent the Undersecretary of the Ministry of Defense, Salah al-Din al-Namroush, from siding with Sarraj amid calls for protests against him.

On Saturday, Sarraj met with officials from auditing and accounting agencies, stressing the importance of cooperation and coordination amid current circumstances. He said that the agencies should establish the principle of integrity, transparency, and the rules of governance.

Hundreds of citizens marched in Zawiya and Tripoli on Friday amid growing popular anger over the performance of the GNA, and chanted against Sarraj protesting the deterioration of public services and the ongoing fuel and electricity crisis.

In Egypt, Speaker Aguila Saleh resumed a series of international and regional meetings within the framework of the efforts aimed at reaching a solution for the Libyan crisis.

Saleh is expected to meet with the US ambassador to Cairo, Jonathan Cohen, and discuss Libyan developments. He will also meet with Western delegations, in addition to Egyptian officials.

Meanwhile, the administration of US President Donald Trump indicated it aims to find a solution for the Libyan crisis, demilitarize Sirte and al-Jufra, and resume the services of the Libyan oil sector with full transparency.

The US embassy in Libya issued in a statement on Friday announcing that a US delegation, led by National Security Council Senior Director for the Middle East and North Africa Major General Miguel Correa and Ambassador Richard Norland, held virtual discussions with Libyan officials to advance concrete, urgent steps to find a demilitarized solution for Sirte and al-Jufra.

The embassy stated that Norland also held virtual discussions with the National Security Advisor Taj al-Din al-Rezagi and House of Representatives Foreign Affairs Committee Chair Yousef al-Agouri, Major General Correa.

The Ambassador underscored the need for a Libyan-led process to reclaim the country’s sovereignty and eject foreign forces.

“The United States will continue to actively engage a range of Libyan leaders who are ready to reject harmful foreign interference, de-escalate, and come together to realize a peaceful solution that benefits all Libyans,” according to the statement.

In addition, Norland spoke by telephone with PM Sarraj on recent efforts to finalize a Libyan solution that would consolidate a lasting ceasefire, promote transparency in economic institutions, and advance the political process under UN auspices.

According to the embassy, the Ambassador commended Sarraj’s leadership as responsible Libyan parties coming together to implement a demilitarized solution in central Libya and enable the National Oil Corporation to resume its vital work on behalf of all Libyans.

The Embassy “will remain actively involved with all Libyan parties, including the Government of National Accord and the House of Representatives, that reject foreign interference and seek to come together in peaceful dialogue."



Baghdad Moves to Encircle Positions Run by Iran’s Revolutionary Guard Without Confrontation

A photo released by the Popular Mobilization Forces showing its members in the town of Jurf al-Sakhar, south of Baghdad, in 2014.
A photo released by the Popular Mobilization Forces showing its members in the town of Jurf al-Sakhar, south of Baghdad, in 2014.
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Baghdad Moves to Encircle Positions Run by Iran’s Revolutionary Guard Without Confrontation

A photo released by the Popular Mobilization Forces showing its members in the town of Jurf al-Sakhar, south of Baghdad, in 2014.
A photo released by the Popular Mobilization Forces showing its members in the town of Jurf al-Sakhar, south of Baghdad, in 2014.

Iraqi sources revealed Wednesday details of a government plan to be implemented after the September 30, 2026 deadline for bringing weapons under state control expires. The plan includes "encircling leadership positions" of factions run by Iran’s Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), paving the way for their "gradual" dismantling.

Iranian officials are meanwhile seeking to obstruct or delay the plan, although Baghdad has "designed a course that does not lead to armed confrontation."

Iraqi Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi had previously set the end of next month as the deadline for the withdrawal of US forces from the country, as well as the deadline for bringing the weapons of armed factions under state control.

The "Encirclement Plan"

The sources told Asharq Al-Awsat that the government plan after September 30 calls for the deployment of regular army forces, Counter-Terrorism Service units, and elite units around the operational centers of armed factions and along roads leading to them, with the aim of restricting the movement of transport and supplies to and from these sites.

The sources said government forces would gradually establish checkpoints under the command of officers to monitor the movement of weapons and seize them, with a focus on drones and missiles.

According to the sources, the forces will begin imposing a tight security cordon around the armed factions’ operational centers without confrontation. The operation ultimately aims to push the factions "either to make a mistake, such as moving drones, to engage in armed confrontation, or to relinquish their positions to the official institution without firing a single shot."

A source familiar with sensitive discussions over the weapons of factions run by the IRGC said, "Government forces will gradually and systematically tighten restrictions around these sites until reaching a stage that allows them to impose control over them, something that has been difficult to do for years."

Military and political leaders reached this formula after discussions over a course that would spare both sides of the dispute over weapons outside state control from "military confrontation."

Field sources said, "Army and Counter-Terrorism Service forces had already begun earlier this week deploying a number of officers at monitoring checkpoints in several areas and on highways as a trial phase of the plan."

The sources confirmed that some of these checkpoints had "successfully intercepted shipments of drones headed to various locations in Iraqi areas over the past few weeks."

Jurf al-Sakhar and Jurf al-Nadaf

Asharq Al-Awsat learned that the plan is focused primarily on the sites of Jurf al-Sakhar, a stronghold of Kata’ib Hezbollah, and Jurf al-Nadaf, a stronghold of Harakat al-Nujaba, both south of Baghdad.

Jurf al-Sakhar has been one of the factions’ most important strongholds since 2014. It is believed to have become a strategic military base for the factions, containing camps, prisons, storage facilities, and missile and drone production facilities. Many, however, believe it is an operational center for Iran’s IRGC.

Jurf al-Nadaf, located on the southeastern outskirts of Baghdad near the Baghdad-Mada’in road, has emerged in recent years as a site containing headquarters and facilities belonging to the Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF) and armed factions affiliated with it.

Security attention has increased around the area because, according to Iraqi security sources, it is linked to facilities used to store weapons and ammunition, as well as military activity by Iran-aligned factions.

In July 2026, security sources said a joint security force raided a headquarters believed to belong to Harakat al-Nujaba in Jurf al-Nadaf. The site reportedly contained a drone manufacturing facility and had been used to launch drones targeting various locations.

Iraqi sources said, "Intelligence assessments indicated that the drone shipments that were seized, or those launched toward various targets, were connected to a command center at these sites."

Although the force involved in the raid included the Baghdad Operations Command, Federal Police, and the PMF Security Directorate, it withdrew without searching the site.

A political source familiar with the matter said, "The failure of the operation to storm the Jurf al-Nadaf headquarters gave military leaders sufficient insight to modify the plan from storming the headquarters to encircling them and restricting access to them."

Wider Deployment

The armed factions’ presence is not limited to Jurf al-Sakhar and Jurf al-Nadaf, both located southwest of Baghdad, but the two sites are receiving particular attention because of their strategic importance and proximity to the capital.

The factions also have positions in Tuz Khurmatu in Salahuddin province, north of Baghdad, and Amerli, also in Salahuddin province, as well as Camp Ashraf in Diyala province, northeast of Baghdad, and sites in the city of Kut, the capital of Wasit province, southeast of the capital.

According to a senior political official, the factions run by Iran’s IRGC have two main missions. The first is to establish positions very close to Baghdad to ensure the ability to intervene rapidly if necessary, which explains their extensive presence at multiple points and sites there.

The second mission is to tighten the pressure on Sunni areas by controlling their key geographic nodes, particularly those near the Syrian border.

The sources confirmed that "imposing a cordon and restricting movement around facilities belonging to factions run by the IRGC is part of a broader plan that includes removing all PMF brigades from all cities and redeploying them according to a plan determined by the military leadership independently of faction commanders."

A senior political official told Asharq Al-Awsat, "The government plan is designed to avoid armed confrontation with the factions. At an advanced stage, it also aims to bring the armed factions into serious negotiations with the authorities within a national framework over their status and the future of their members."

Iran Says "The Time Is Not Right"

So far, Kata’ib Hezbollah, Kata’ib Sayyid al-Shuhada, and Harakat al-Nujaba, all allies of Iran, have refused to hand their weapons over to the state. Activists close to these groups say that "the Resistance Axis will not surrender its weapons even after the Americans withdraw," and have openly and defiantly called for "restricting the state’s weapons to the factions."

The government plan has raised concerns among Iranian officials over the fate of strategic weapons held by the factions, as well as command and control centers staffed by Iranian advisers affiliated with the IRGC.

According to two political sources, Iranian officials told leaders of the Coordination Framework alliance that the timing of the campaign was extremely unfavorable because the regional situation requires allies to hold on to their weapons, particularly in Iraq.

A political source close to the leader of an influential Shiite party said, "The latter tried to persuade the Iranians not to put further pressure on the prime minister, who is already under pressure from the Americans over the issue of weapons. The failure of this government would also mean the end of the Coordination Framework alliance and its fledgling government, which is facing a severe financial crisis."

The source added that "the Iranians are pressuring the Coordination Framework to push the government to postpone implementation of the plan," adding that "the factions will ultimately seek to buy time until the balance of power changes locally and regionally, and the locations of their military assets are changed."


Israeli Settlers Storm Al-Aqsa Mosque Under Military Protection

Israeli National Security Minister Itamar Ben-Gvir visits the Al-Aqsa Mosque courtyard in Jerusalem on July 23, 2026 (Reuters)
Israeli National Security Minister Itamar Ben-Gvir visits the Al-Aqsa Mosque courtyard in Jerusalem on July 23, 2026 (Reuters)
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Israeli Settlers Storm Al-Aqsa Mosque Under Military Protection

Israeli National Security Minister Itamar Ben-Gvir visits the Al-Aqsa Mosque courtyard in Jerusalem on July 23, 2026 (Reuters)
Israeli National Security Minister Itamar Ben-Gvir visits the Al-Aqsa Mosque courtyard in Jerusalem on July 23, 2026 (Reuters)

Dozens of Israeli settlers entered Al-Aqsa Mosque area in occupied Jerusalem on Wednesday through the Morocco Gate in several groups, making provocative visits to its courtyards under the protection of Israeli military forces, who continue to enforce strict military controls at the gates, blocking visitors and worshippers from entering, SPA reported.

Settlers also began expanding a settlement outpost north of Jerusalem, while attacks by Israeli military forces and settlers on Palestinian cities and towns increased to support settlement growth.

In a separate incident, several Palestinians suffered breathing problems from inhaling toxic gas during a raid by Israeli military forces on the market in Balata refugee camp, east of


Lebanon Passes Sweeping Amnesty Law for Prisoners, Wanted People

Lebanese lawmakers attend a parliamentary session to discuss a proposed general amnesty law, the abolition of the death penalty and the salaries of retired members of Lebanon's security forces in Beirut, Lebanon, 11 August 2026. (EPA)
Lebanese lawmakers attend a parliamentary session to discuss a proposed general amnesty law, the abolition of the death penalty and the salaries of retired members of Lebanon's security forces in Beirut, Lebanon, 11 August 2026. (EPA)
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Lebanon Passes Sweeping Amnesty Law for Prisoners, Wanted People

Lebanese lawmakers attend a parliamentary session to discuss a proposed general amnesty law, the abolition of the death penalty and the salaries of retired members of Lebanon's security forces in Beirut, Lebanon, 11 August 2026. (EPA)
Lebanese lawmakers attend a parliamentary session to discuss a proposed general amnesty law, the abolition of the death penalty and the salaries of retired members of Lebanon's security forces in Beirut, Lebanon, 11 August 2026. (EPA)

Lebanon's parliament on Wednesday passed a sweeping and long-awaited amnesty law that should benefit thousands of prisoners and wanted people, in the first legislation of its kind since 1991.

The law, which had been a demand of various political factions and a topic of debate for years, aims to reduce prison overcrowding with many inmates awaiting trial for years.

The office of the country's parliament speaker announced the "approval of a draft law aimed at granting a general amnesty and exceptionally reducing the terms of certain sentences".

Authorities did not immediately announce the number of people that would benefit from the law.

According to Imad al-Hout, one of the lawmakers in favor of the bill, the law reduced the sentences of those facing death and life imprisonment to 17 prison years.

That is equivalent to 12 years and nine months of actual imprisonment in Lebanon, where a prison year is calculated as nine months.

The law also calls for the release of inmates detained for more than 12 prison years without charges as their trial continues.

In its 2025 report, the country's National Human Rights Commission said that prisons had an overcrowding rate of 300 percent, with prison authorities reporting at least 6,268 inmates by the end of March.

But general amnesty was brought back into the limelight after the 2024 fall of longtime Syrian president Bashar al-Assad, as many extremist prisoners in Lebanon were jailed over events linked to the Syrian civil war.

Most of them are accused of crimes that include attacking the Lebanese army, participating in clashes and planning bombings.

Other political forces, including Iran-backed Hezbollah, have been demanding amnesty for their communities.

Thousands of families from the eastern Baalbek and Hermel regions, bastions of Hezbollah and its ally Amal where illicit cannabis cultivation is widespread, have been demanding amnesty for drug-related offenses and car theft for years.

Christian parties meanwhile have pushed for the law to include the families of those who joined an Israeli-backed proxy and fled to Israel after its withdrawal from southern Lebanon in 2000, fearing reprisals, particularly from Hezbollah and its supporters.

Lebanon previously passed a general amnesty law in the wake of its 1975-90 civil war, allowing former warlords to transition into politics without facing trial for crimes committed during the conflict.