Lebanon: Prices of Food Commodities on the Rise Despite Drop in Exchange Rate

Citizens in a fruit and vegetable market in Beirut, Lebanon (Reuters)
Citizens in a fruit and vegetable market in Beirut, Lebanon (Reuters)
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Lebanon: Prices of Food Commodities on the Rise Despite Drop in Exchange Rate

Citizens in a fruit and vegetable market in Beirut, Lebanon (Reuters)
Citizens in a fruit and vegetable market in Beirut, Lebanon (Reuters)

Lebanese citizens are getting accustomed to the increasing prices of the food commodities, but they believe the prices will drop with the decline in the exchange rate.

However, this is not the case as a small tour to the market reveals that prices are still increasing, and when asked about the rates of the items, merchants usually respond that it varies each hour depending on the exchange rate.

The Consumers’ Lebanon index shows that prices increased 22.84 percent during August when compared to April, May, and June. However, the price of the US dollar in the exchange market did not exceed 8,000LL since the second week of August, and it even fell below 7,000 LL on some days.

Consumers’ Lebanon is an association that is concerned with the protection of the rights of the Lebanese consumers.

The biggest increase during August was in the price of meat, as it rose 32.70 percent, followed by the prices of canned foods, oils, and grains which saw a 28.60 percent rise. Some types of bread increased 25 percent and dairy products’ prices increased 18.20 percent, while vegetables and fruits had the lowest increase rate with 21.38 percent and 1.8 percent respectively.

Vice President of Consumer’s Lebanon Nada Nehme said that the prices of food commodities continue to rise amid the absence of any supervisory role and in an environment controlled by monopolies.

She told Asharq al-Awsat that merchants control prices claiming they bought the commodities at a high rate, explaining that this does not justify selling the same product at the same high price when the exchange rate drops.

Nehme predicts that the prices of food commodities will continue to rise, noting that rates in Lebanon are the highest in the region.

In turn, the head of importers’ syndicate, Hani al-Bohsali, is surprised by the unjustified high prices, however, he believes that it is natural for prices not to drop given that they were originally calculated on the basis of an upper limit for the exchange rate of 7,000 Lebanese pounds per dollar.

He explained that any increase above this limit will result in the inability to sell these goods, adding that it is natural for commodity prices to remain the same, even if the dollar exchange rate is within the range of 7,000 LL.

Bohsali considered that commodity prices could start to decline when the exchange rate falls below 7000. He explained that even this may take several weeks, especially that the merchant will have to sell his old stock which he bought at a high exchange rate.

Meanwhile, citizens search for subsidized commodities included in the food basket that the Central Bank supports at a 3,900 LL exchange rate. But, in most cases, these goods are not available given their limited quantities and the complex requirements.

Bohsali pointed out that the Ministry of Economy did not bind merchants to the subsidized items, so most preferred to buy other products because the food basket stipulates direct distribution to major stores and small shops with a specified profit margin.

Nehme confirms that subsidizing the food basket did not contribute to lowering the prices of commodities, explaining that Consumers’ Lebanon believes that the Ministry’s policy was wrong.

She indicated that the subsidized items reached 10 to 20 percent of consumers at best.

The Minister of Economy in the caretaker government, Raoul Nehme, sent a letter to the Governor of the Central Bank, Riad Salameh, requesting the lifting of subsidies on commodities related to animal and agricultural production, given that it is a waste of public funds.

Nehme tweeted that since the government began subsidizing those commodities, their prices have not decreased, and some even increased.

Bohsali confirmed that there is no indication that food commodities will be scarce, even after the Beirut port explosion, but he pointed out that a large number of goods are still in the port, and this increases the costs for importers, which could lead to an increase in their prices later.



Trump Vows New Tariffs on Mexico, Canada and China

FILE PHOTO: US President-elect Donald Trump attends a viewing of the launch of the sixth test flight of the SpaceX Starship rocket, in Brownsville, Texas, US, November 19, 2024. Brandon Bell/Pool via REUTERS/File Photo
FILE PHOTO: US President-elect Donald Trump attends a viewing of the launch of the sixth test flight of the SpaceX Starship rocket, in Brownsville, Texas, US, November 19, 2024. Brandon Bell/Pool via REUTERS/File Photo
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Trump Vows New Tariffs on Mexico, Canada and China

FILE PHOTO: US President-elect Donald Trump attends a viewing of the launch of the sixth test flight of the SpaceX Starship rocket, in Brownsville, Texas, US, November 19, 2024. Brandon Bell/Pool via REUTERS/File Photo
FILE PHOTO: US President-elect Donald Trump attends a viewing of the launch of the sixth test flight of the SpaceX Starship rocket, in Brownsville, Texas, US, November 19, 2024. Brandon Bell/Pool via REUTERS/File Photo

US President-elect Donald Trump vowed on Monday to impose sweeping new tariffs on Mexico, Canada and China as soon as he takes office as part of his effort to crack down on illegal immigration and drugs.

He said he would impose a 25% tax on all products entering the country from Canada and Mexico, and an additional 10% tariff on goods from China, as one of his first executive orders.

In a series of posts to his Truth Social account, Trump vowed to hit some of the United States' largest trading partners with duties on all goods entering the country.

“On January 20th, as one of my many first Executive Orders, I will sign all necessary documents to charge Mexico and Canada a 25% tariff on ALL products coming into the United States,” he wrote, according to AFP.

He said the new tariffs would remain in place “until such time as Drugs, in particular Fentanyl, and all Illegal Aliens stop this Invasion of our Country!”

The President ignored the US, Mexico and Canada three-decade-old free trade agreement, now called the USMCA.

In another post, Trump said he would also be slapping China with a 10% tariff, “above any additional Tariffs,” in response to what he said was its failure to tackle fentanyl smuggling.

“No one will win a trade war,” Liu Pengyu, a spokesman for China's embassy in the United States, told AFP by email, defending Beijing's efforts to curb fentanyl smuggling.

“China believes that China-US economic and trade cooperation is mutually beneficial in nature,” Liu added.

Canada said it was “essential” to US energy supplies, and insisted the relationship benefits American workers.

“We will of course continue to discuss these issues with the incoming administration,” said the statement from Deputy Prime Minister Chrystia Freeland.

Tariffs are a key part of Trump's economic agenda, with the Republican vowing wide-ranging duties on allies and adversaries alike while he was on the campaign trail.

Many economists have warned that tariffs would hurt growth and push up inflation, since they are primarily paid by importers bringing the goods into the US, who often pass those costs on to consumers.

But those in Trump's inner circle have insisted that the tariffs are a useful bargaining chip for the US to push its trading partners to agree to more favorable terms, and to bring back manufacturing jobs from overseas.