US Congress Members Criticize Erdogan’s Foreign Policy

  US President Donald Trump welcomes Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan in the White House in Washington, US in November 13, 2019 (Reuters/ Tom Brenner)
US President Donald Trump welcomes Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan in the White House in Washington, US in November 13, 2019 (Reuters/ Tom Brenner)
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US Congress Members Criticize Erdogan’s Foreign Policy

  US President Donald Trump welcomes Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan in the White House in Washington, US in November 13, 2019 (Reuters/ Tom Brenner)
US President Donald Trump welcomes Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan in the White House in Washington, US in November 13, 2019 (Reuters/ Tom Brenner)

Resentment has increased among US Congress members towards Turkey’s President Recep Tayyip Erdogan in rejection of his foreign policies.

Republican Senator Ron Johnson remarks to consider Greece as an alternative for the US “Incirlik” Air Force base has reflected the positions of many Republican and Democratic Congress members who had previously warned from Erdogan’s “disturbing” foreign policy. Also, they have been relentlessly seeking to push for sanctions against Ankara.

Meanwhile, many are concerned over the impact of possible sanctions on the US presence in Turkey, as well as the fate of its base there.

“We don't know what's gonna happen to Incirlik,” Johnson told the Washington Examiner.

“We hope for the best, but we have to plan for the worst.”

Erdogan threatened to close the base in late 2019 in response to the US sanctions at the time.

US lawmakers are discontent with his repeated threats every time the Congress tries to officially recognize Turkey’s commission of the Armenian Genocide during the World War I.

“We want to maintain our full presence and cooperation in Turkey,” Johnson said.

“I don’t think we want to make that strategic shift, but I think, from a defensive posture, I think we have to look at the reality of the situation that the path that Erdogan is on is not good.”

The disagreements between Turkey and other NATO allies has grown in recent years, in part due to Erdogan’s purchase of advanced Russian anti-aircraft missile systems — a decision that led President Donald Trump’s administration to expel Turkey from the F-35 stealth fighter program.

More recently, Erdogan got embroiled in a maritime boundary dispute with Greece, a controversy grave enough to prompt NATO officials to intervene to ensure that the two alliance members avoid a military clash.

In the midst of these controversies, Secretary of State Mike Pompeo announced last week that Cyprus would be allowed to purchase “nonlethal defense articles and services,” providing partial relief from an arms embargo imposed in 1987.

“It is in our national security interest to lift these outdated decades-long arms restrictions and deepen our security relationship with the Republic of Cyprus,” New Jersey Sen. Bob Menendez, the top Democrat on the Foreign Relations Committee, said in support of Pompeo’s announcement.

The US Navy maintains a base at Souda Bay on the Greek island of Crete.

“It’s very unfortunate the path that Erdogan is taking Turkey, or has put Turkey on,” Johnson noted.

“It’s disturbing. It’s very concerning, which is one of the reasons we certainly are increasing and improving our military cooperation with Greece ... beefing up our presence in Souda Bay, because our presence, quite honestly, in Turkey is certainly threatened,” he stressed.



EU Leaders Push for Influence at Central Asia Summit

Russia's invasion of Ukraine has accelerated the region's drift from Moscow's orbit. VYACHESLAV OSELEDKO / AFP
Russia's invasion of Ukraine has accelerated the region's drift from Moscow's orbit. VYACHESLAV OSELEDKO / AFP
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EU Leaders Push for Influence at Central Asia Summit

Russia's invasion of Ukraine has accelerated the region's drift from Moscow's orbit. VYACHESLAV OSELEDKO / AFP
Russia's invasion of Ukraine has accelerated the region's drift from Moscow's orbit. VYACHESLAV OSELEDKO / AFP

Top EU leaders were in Uzbekistan on Friday for a major summit with the heads of five Central Asian states, seeking to press their influence and boost ties in the face of Russian and Chinese competition.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine has accelerated the region's drift from Moscow's orbit, with major powers to both the west and east sensing an opening.

Central Asia is rich in natural resources, on the front lines of climate change and also seen as a key security player as a Muslim-majority region that is trying to contain extremism and shares borders with Afghanistan, Iran, China and Russia.

Leaders from the five states -- Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan -- will meet European Commission chief Ursula von der Leyen and Antonio Costa, head of the European Council.

The summit takes place in the ancient Silk Road city of Samarkand, for centuries a key hub in East-West connections, trade and commerce.

Von der Leyen said she hopes the summit will take Brussels' relations with Central Asia "to the next level" and deepen ties in terms of transport, natural resources, water and energy.

"In these uncertain times, Europe stands for openness and engagement. For Europe, Central Asia is a partner of choice," she said.

Alongside Russia's historic leadership in the region, Türkiye, China, the United States and even the likes of South Korea and Japan are all trying to boost their influence.

For its part, Central Asia -- as large as the EU but home to just 80 million people, one-fifth of those in the 27-member bloc -- has been seeking to boost foreign investment.

Investment

The EU summit offers the countries a chance to get something their neighbors Russia and China cannot yet provide: advanced industrial technology.

Europe, meanwhile, is eyeing the region's precious resources.

On the eve of the summit, Kazakhstan announced discovering potentially its "largest" ever deposit of rare earth elements.

The EU has its sights on uranium deposits, at a time when nuclear power is making a comeback, as well as other strategic metals like titanium, cobalt, and lithium, said Raul Villegas, an analyst at the European Policy Center, a Brussels-based think tank.

As a bloc, the EU is already the region's largest foreign investor, accounting for 40 percent of direct inward investment over the last 10 years.

It is also the largest provider of development aid.

But Russia and China will be difficult to dislodge.

Beijing is pouring cash into ambitious infrastructure projects, while Russia supplies arms and energy, as well as having long-standing cultural and linguistic reach across the former Soviet states.

During a visit to Uzbekistan last year, Russian President Vladimir Putin criticized the United States and Europe for "trying to disrupt our traditionally close commercial, cooperative and cultural ties."

Sanctions, rights

The war in Ukraine and sanctions against Russia will also be on the table, an EU official told AFP.

Central Asia has emerged as one of several hubs through which sanctioned Western goods are re-exported to Russia.

Brussels would like the region to crack down on the flow, as it pushes to keep up the pressure on Moscow at a time when US President Donald Trump pushes a rapprochement with the Kremlin.

Central Asian countries have shown "willingness" to act and "some progress" but "we would like to see a lot more from our partners," the official said, speaking on condition of anonymity.

Further action was not a precondition for cooperation in other sectors but "an important element in order to advance our relations," the official added.

Despite pleas from NGOs, human rights were not expected to feature heavily in the talks.

"We're not going there to preach, but we are going to make our concerns known, to work with them, to have a dialogue," the official said.

All five of the countries are classed as "not free" by the Freedom House NGO that tracks democratic rights around the world.