‘The Last Reader’ by Ricardo Piglia Now Available in Arabic

Visitors checking out the Iceland pavilion featuring giant projections of people reading at a recent Frankfurt Book Fair in Germany. Photo: AFP
Visitors checking out the Iceland pavilion featuring giant projections of people reading at a recent Frankfurt Book Fair in Germany. Photo: AFP
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‘The Last Reader’ by Ricardo Piglia Now Available in Arabic

Visitors checking out the Iceland pavilion featuring giant projections of people reading at a recent Frankfurt Book Fair in Germany. Photo: AFP
Visitors checking out the Iceland pavilion featuring giant projections of people reading at a recent Frankfurt Book Fair in Germany. Photo: AFP

Al Mutawassit publishing house has recently released an Arabic translation of "The Last Reader," a book by the Argentinian critic, author, and novelist Ricardo Piglia. The book was translated by Ahmed Abdullatif.

The Argentinian novelist, considered one of the most prominent Latino writers, gained fame in the field of cultural and creative criticism, and was known for focusing on the connection between literature and reception.

The German magazine Süddeutsche Zeitung described him as "one of the most important Latino writers who grew with the writings of Jorge Luis Borges, and the best to have visions and bases of international literature."

In this book, Piglia discusses a specific question: what is a reader? And who is he? What happens to him when he reads?

According to the Argentinian novelist, literature gives the reader a name and a story.

From Don Quixote to Hamlet, from Bartleby to the reader of Borges, and from Emma Bovary to Philip Marlowe…we face a never ending diversity of readers: sick, obsessed, melancholic, translator, critic, writer, and philosopher. Why not: the writer himself, Piglia as "Piglia" or Piglia as "Renzi" (the character that represents him in his writings).
Extract from the book:

"The reader is like a person who deciphers a code, like a translator. He often represents a metaphor to the intellectual. The image of a person who reads is a part of the intellectual's image in the modern meaning, not only as a novelist, but also as a person who faces the world with a mediation relationship with a specific type of knowledge.

“Reading is used as a general example of the meaning structure. The intellectual's hesitation always represents the uncertainty of interpretation in the many possible readings of the text. The act of reading and the act of politics are dominated by tension, which also exists between reading and experience, and reading and life. It significantly exists in the story we are trying to build, and in many times, what we read is the filter that gives the experience a meaning. Reading is the mirror of experience…it defines it and formulates it."



Children Suffer as Schools Go Online in Polluted Delhi

Confined to her home by the toxic smog choking India's capital, Harshita Gautam attends an online class on a mobile phone - AFP
Confined to her home by the toxic smog choking India's capital, Harshita Gautam attends an online class on a mobile phone - AFP
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Children Suffer as Schools Go Online in Polluted Delhi

Confined to her home by the toxic smog choking India's capital, Harshita Gautam attends an online class on a mobile phone - AFP
Confined to her home by the toxic smog choking India's capital, Harshita Gautam attends an online class on a mobile phone - AFP

Confined to her family's ramshackle shanty by the toxic smog choking India's capital, Harshita Gautam strained to hear her teacher's instructions over a cheap mobile phone borrowed from her mother.

The nine-year-old is among nearly two million students in and around New Delhi told to stay home after authorities once again ordered schools to shut because of worsening air pollution.

Now a weary annual ritual, keeping children at home and moving lessons online for days at a time during the peak of the smog crisis in winter ostensibly helps protect the health of the city's youth.

The policy impacts both the education and the broader well-being of schoolkids around the city -- much more so for children from poorer families like Gautam.

"I don't like online classes," she told AFP, sitting on a bed her family all share at night in their spartan one-room home in the city's west.

"I like going to school and playing outside but my mother says there is too much pollution and I must stay inside."

Gautam struggles to follow the day's lesson, with the sound of her teacher's voice periodically halting as the connection drops out on the cheap Android phone.

Her parents both earn paltry incomes -- her polio-stricken father by working at a roadside food stall and her mother as a domestic worker.

Neither can afford to skip work and look after their only child, and they do not have the means to buy air purifiers or take other measures to shield themselves from the smog.

Gautam's confinement at home is an additional financial burden for her parents, who normally rely on a free-meal programme at her government-run school to keep her fed for lunch.

"When they are at school I don't have to worry about their studies or food. At home, they are hardly able to pay any attention," Gautam's mother Maya Devi told AFP.

"Why should our children suffer? They must find some solution."

Delhi and the surrounding metropolitan area, home to more than 30 million people, consistently tops world rankings for air pollution.

The city is blanketed in acrid smog each winter, primarily blamed on agricultural burning by farmers to clear their fields for ploughing, as well as factories and traffic fumes.

Levels of PM2.5 -- dangerous cancer-causing microparticles that enter the bloodstream through the lungs -- surged 60 times past the World Health Organization's recommended daily maximum on Monday.

A study in the Lancet medical journal attributed 1.67 million premature deaths in India to air pollution in 2019.

Piecemeal government initiatives include partial restrictions on fossil fuel-powered transport and water trucks spraying mist to clear particulate matter from the air.

But none have succeeded in making a noticeable impact on a worsening public health crisis.

- 'A lot of disruptions' -

The foul air severely impacts children, with devastating effects on their health and development.

Scientific evidence shows children who breathe polluted air are at higher risk of developing acute respiratory infections, a report from the UN children's agency said in 2022.

A 2021 study published in the medical journal Lung India found nearly one in three school-aged children in the capital were afflicted by asthma and airflow obstruction.

Sunita Bhasin, director of the Swami Sivananda Memorial Institute school, told AFP that pollution-induced school closures had been steadily increasing over the years.

"It's easy for the government to give a blanket call to close the schools but... abrupt closure leads to a lot of disruptions," she said.

Bhasin said many of Delhi's children would anyway continue to breathe the same noxious air whether at school or home.

"There is no space for them in their homes, so they will go out on the streets and play."