Security, Water and Economy…3 Obstacles in Iraqi-Turkish Relations

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan meets with Iraqi Prime Minister Mustafa al-Kadhimi in Ankara, Turkey, December 17, 2020. (Murat Cetinmuhurdar/Presidential Press Office / Reuters)
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan meets with Iraqi Prime Minister Mustafa al-Kadhimi in Ankara, Turkey, December 17, 2020. (Murat Cetinmuhurdar/Presidential Press Office / Reuters)
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Security, Water and Economy…3 Obstacles in Iraqi-Turkish Relations

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan meets with Iraqi Prime Minister Mustafa al-Kadhimi in Ankara, Turkey, December 17, 2020. (Murat Cetinmuhurdar/Presidential Press Office / Reuters)
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan meets with Iraqi Prime Minister Mustafa al-Kadhimi in Ankara, Turkey, December 17, 2020. (Murat Cetinmuhurdar/Presidential Press Office / Reuters)

Iraqi Prime Minister Mustafa Al-Kadhimi's one-day visit to Turkey is likely to spark a long debate within Iraqi circles, whether on the political level or over social media.

Iraqi-Turkish relations have been marred with ambiguity for decades for various reasons. Major contentious concerns include the water issue that dates back to the 1930s and the Kurdistan Workers’ Party since the mid-1980s.

The Turkish-Iraqi trade balance, which annually amounts to about $12 billion, surpasses the Iraqi trade balance with Iran. However, Turkey wants to ignore complex issues such as water and terrorism to focus on one aspect of the relationship with Baghdad: Increasing the volume of trade exchange to $17 billion.

Iran, for its part, is working at the same pace, seeking to compete with Turkey economically inside Iraq at a time when Ankara cannot compete with Tehran politically.

However, both Iran and Turkey are seeing Kadhimi's move in other directions, by strengthening his relations with the Arab region, which could leave negative effects on their status in the Iraqi market.

The relationship that has developed between Iraq and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, especially after the signing of a series of agreements and MOUs, as well as the opening of the Arar border crossing, would open new horizons for Iraq and would ease the pressure exerted by its two main neighbors.

This new reality has made Iran and Turkey deal with Iraq from a different angle. Despite the presence of Iranian-backed factions in the country, Tehran is keen to deal with Kadhimi’s government away from those.

Turkey, for its part, is trying to reassure Iraq about the water issue, but does not show flexibility towards the PKK.

In this context, Professor of Media at the Iraqi University, Dr. Fadel Al-Badrani, said that Kadhimi’s visit discussed eight main topics related to security, economy, investment, energy, water, railways, visas, and frozen funds.

But he added that three main obstacles still control the course of Baghdad’s relations with Ankara: security, water and economy.

He explained that the visit came as both countries are facing severe economic crises, the decline of their local currencies, as well as the problem of the PKK, which embarrasses Baghdad and harms Ankara.

Badrani added: “Baghdad is also concerned about water shares that are controlled by Turkey."

"It tries to resolve the matter diplomatically and to search for trade exchange opportunities that alleviate the financial crisis.”



Palestinian Prime Minister Says Palestinian Authority Should Run Gaza in Future

Palestinian Prime Minister Muhammed Mustafa and Norwegian Foreign Minister Espen Barth Eide attend a meeting of the Global Alliance for the implementation of the two-State Solution at Oslo City Hall in Oslo, Norway, January 15, 2025. (Heiko Junge/NTB/via Reuters)
Palestinian Prime Minister Muhammed Mustafa and Norwegian Foreign Minister Espen Barth Eide attend a meeting of the Global Alliance for the implementation of the two-State Solution at Oslo City Hall in Oslo, Norway, January 15, 2025. (Heiko Junge/NTB/via Reuters)
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Palestinian Prime Minister Says Palestinian Authority Should Run Gaza in Future

Palestinian Prime Minister Muhammed Mustafa and Norwegian Foreign Minister Espen Barth Eide attend a meeting of the Global Alliance for the implementation of the two-State Solution at Oslo City Hall in Oslo, Norway, January 15, 2025. (Heiko Junge/NTB/via Reuters)
Palestinian Prime Minister Muhammed Mustafa and Norwegian Foreign Minister Espen Barth Eide attend a meeting of the Global Alliance for the implementation of the two-State Solution at Oslo City Hall in Oslo, Norway, January 15, 2025. (Heiko Junge/NTB/via Reuters)

Palestinian Prime Minister Mohammad Mustafa said it “will not be acceptable” for any entity other than the Palestinian Authority to run the Gaza Strip in the future.

Mustafa made the comments on Wednesday as he visited Norway, one of three European countries that formally recognized a Palestinian state in May.

Hamas seized power in Gaza in 2007, confining the Palestinian Authority’s limited self-rule to parts of the Israeli-occupied West Bank. The US has called for a revitalized Palestinian Authority to govern both the West Bank and Gaza ahead of eventual statehood, which the Israeli government opposes.

“While we’re waiting for the ceasefire, it’s important to stress that it will not be acceptable for any entity to govern Gaza Strip but the legitimate Palestinian leadership and the government of the State of Palestine," Mustafa said.

He added that “any attempt to consolidate the separation between the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, or creating transitional entities, will be rejected.”

Mustafa stressed that “we should not leave Gaza to vacuum ... We are the government of Palestine, ready to hold our responsibilities in the Gaza Strip as we did before.”