Catacombs: A Youth Initiative to Invigorate Domestic Tourism

A tour of the pyramids organized by the Catacombs team
A tour of the pyramids organized by the Catacombs team
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Catacombs: A Youth Initiative to Invigorate Domestic Tourism

A tour of the pyramids organized by the Catacombs team
A tour of the pyramids organized by the Catacombs team

Sherif Hashem, Hossam Zaidan, Mustafa Hazin, Ibrahim Mohamed, Ahmed Bahgat are Egypt’s new “adventurous five,” but they are not protagonists of a short story. They are founding members of the archaeological Catacombs initiative. Together raise their motto, “We open the doors of history,” which reflects their aim of raising archaeological awareness among Egyptians and invigorating domestic tourism.

Brought together by their shared enthusiasm for Egypt’s ancient heritage, they established the group just four months ago, when the five youths met at the opening of the Baron Empain Palace in Cairo. They organize tours, each of which is unique, that provide those who join them with the opportunity to discover the various facets of ancient sites, historical, archeological, artistic, and architectural. Their passion for archeology and history and their desire to raise awareness among Egyptians also compelled them to launch a Facebook page, Catacombs, to serve as a platform to share that passion with their compatriots and shed light on the country’s many precious sites and monuments.

Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat about the initiative, Hussam Zaidan, a member of the team, explained the rationale that drove them to join forces. “When I give a tour, I explain the sites’ archaeological and architectural significance. But I lack a historical background, so my explanation is incomplete. So, with our various specializations, historical, archeological, and civilizational, we complement one another, especially as we are planning to work professionally and on a large scale, which requires more precise information and a more in-depth explanation.

Another team member, Mustafa Hazin, continues the conversation. Discussing their various and distinctive initiatives, he says: “We saw that five minds coming together would allow us to enrich the content of our work. We have also launched novel activities. For example, we uploaded a live broadcast in which five individuals discuss a single site, allowing our audience to follow historical, archaeological discussions on Facebook. Such work has been well received by our followers and helped fuel our launch.”



Israel Warfare Methods 'Consistent With Genocide', Says UN Committee

Israel's warfare practices in Gaza "are consistent with the characteristics of genocide", according to the United Nations Special Committee - AFP
Israel's warfare practices in Gaza "are consistent with the characteristics of genocide", according to the United Nations Special Committee - AFP
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Israel Warfare Methods 'Consistent With Genocide', Says UN Committee

Israel's warfare practices in Gaza "are consistent with the characteristics of genocide", according to the United Nations Special Committee - AFP
Israel's warfare practices in Gaza "are consistent with the characteristics of genocide", according to the United Nations Special Committee - AFP

Israel's warfare in Gaza is consistent with the characteristics of genocide, a special UN committee said Thursday, accusing the country of "using starvation as a method of war".

The United Nations Special Committee pointed to "mass civilian casualties and life-threatening conditions intentionally imposed on Palestinians", in a fresh report covering the period from Hamas's deadly October 7 attack in Israel last year through to July, AFP reported.

"Through its siege over Gaza, obstruction of humanitarian aid, alongside targeted attacks and killing of civilians and aid workers, despite repeated UN appeals, binding orders from the International Court of Justice and resolutions of the Security Council, Israel is intentionally causing death, starvation and serious injury," it said in a statement.

Israel's warfare practices in Gaza "are consistent with the characteristics of genocide", said the committee, which has for decades been investigating Israeli practices affecting rights in the occupied Palestinian territories.

Israel, it charged, was "using starvation as a method of war and inflicting collective punishment on the Palestinian population".

A UN-backed assessment at the weekend warned that famine was imminent in northern Gaza.

Thursday's report documented how Israel's extensive bombing campaign in Gaza had decimated essential services and unleashed an environmental catastrophe with lasting health impacts.

By February this year, Israeli forces had used more than 25,000 tonnes of explosives across the Gaza Strip, "equivalent to two nuclear bombs", the report pointed out.

"By destroying vital water, sanitation and food systems, and contaminating the environment, Israel has created a lethal mix of crises that will inflict severe harm on generations to come," the committee said.

The committee said it was "deeply alarmed by the unprecedented destruction of civilian infrastructure and the high death toll in Gaza", where more than 43,700 people have been killed since the war began, according to the health ministry in the Hamas-run territory.

The staggering number of deaths raised serious concerns, it said, about Israel's use of artificial intelligence-enhanced targeting systems in its military operations.

"The Israeli military’s use of AI-assisted targeting, with minimal human oversight, combined with heavy bombs, underscores Israel’s disregard of its obligation to distinguish between civilians and combatants and take adequate safeguards to prevent civilian deaths," it said.

It warned that reported new directives lowering the criteria for selecting targets and increasing the previously accepted ratio of civilian to combatant casualties appeared to have allowed the military to use AI systems to "rapidly generate tens of thousands of targets, as well as to track targets to their homes, particularly at night when families shelter together".

The committee stressed the obligations of other countries to urgently act to halt the bloodshed, saying that "other States are unwilling to hold Israel accountable and continue to provide it with military and other support".