Tehran Defends Deal with Beijing amid Rising Concerns

The Iranian and Chinese Foreign Ministers in Tehran, AP
The Iranian and Chinese Foreign Ministers in Tehran, AP
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Tehran Defends Deal with Beijing amid Rising Concerns

The Iranian and Chinese Foreign Ministers in Tehran, AP
The Iranian and Chinese Foreign Ministers in Tehran, AP

Iranian Foreign Minister Javad Zarif has thrown his full weight behind the recently signed 25-year partnership deal between Beijing and Tehran, reaffirming in statements on social media that the agreement does not require parliamentary approval.

Iranian officials have been applying multiple titles in reference to the signed document, details of which remain undisclosed to the Iranian public. The secrecy has only fueled concerns and triggered unending speculation that the Iranian government is offering too much in exchange for too little.

“The document imposes no obligation on either side,” Zarif stressed in a separate post on his Instagram page.

It is worth noting that while the Iranian Foreign Ministry is by law in charge of handling the China deal, Iranian Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei has also appointed one of his senior advisers, Ali Larijani, who is also Iran’s longest-serving parliament speaker, as a key negotiator.

The Iranian supreme leader’s choice appeared as an assurance to Beijing that the Iranian approach toward the deal is nonpartisan and could not be overruled by changing administrations in Tehran.

Kamal Kharrazi, a former foreign minister and a Khamenei aide himself, has confirmed that the Chinese side “demanded that someone representative of the Nezam be involved as well.” Nezam is the umbrella term Iranian officials use to refer to the Islamic Republic in its entirety under Khamenei’s leadership.

More so, Zarif made an unannounced appearance in a virtual conversation on the audio-chat app Clubhouse on Wednesday where he addressed a range of topics, including the recent agreement with China.

Zarif joined the conversation along with other officials, including Foreign Ministry spokesman Saeed Khatibzadeh, and addressed an audience of over 8,000 listeners, becoming the highest-ranking Iranian official yet to take part in a Clubhouse room.

In his speech at the event, he championed the deal with Beijing and said that it was natural for secrecy to engulf such deals as the releasing of any details requires consent from both parties.

He also said that since the agreement with China entailed no obligations, it wasn’t constitutionally mandated to gain consent from parliament first.

Zarif’s support for the contentious deal was also coupled with foreign-based Iranian opposition activists and exiled journalists getting effectively silenced during the entire Clubhouse meeting.

Zarif’s moderators had banned them from raising any questions.



Türkiye Eyes Legal Steps after Kurdish Militant Group PKK Disbands

PKK head Murat Karayılan announcing the party's dissolution at an undisclosed location in northern Iraq. ANF NEWS/AFP
PKK head Murat Karayılan announcing the party's dissolution at an undisclosed location in northern Iraq. ANF NEWS/AFP
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Türkiye Eyes Legal Steps after Kurdish Militant Group PKK Disbands

PKK head Murat Karayılan announcing the party's dissolution at an undisclosed location in northern Iraq. ANF NEWS/AFP
PKK head Murat Karayılan announcing the party's dissolution at an undisclosed location in northern Iraq. ANF NEWS/AFP

After the decision by the Kurdish PKK group to disband, Türkiye was eyeing Wednesday a raft of legal and technical measures to ensure its full implementation and finally end a four-decade insurgency.

Monday's announcement sought to draw a line under a bloody chapter that began in 1984 when the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) took up arms, triggering a conflict that cost more than 40,000 lives.

"What matters most is the implementation," President Recep Tayyip Erdogan said Wednesday, pledging to "meticulously monitor whether the promises are kept".

The pro-Kurdish DEM party, a key player that facilitated contact between jailed PKK founder Abdullah Ocalan and the political establishment, urged Ankara on Tuesday to take "confidence-building steps" such as freeing political prisoners.

So far, Turkish officials have said little but the government is working on a proposal that could ease prison sentences in general.

The text, which should be submitted to parliament by June at the latest, provides for the conditional release of all those in pre-trial detention for offences committed before July 31, 2023.

There are also plans to release to house arrest those who are sick, or women with children, if they are serving sentences of less than five years.

The moves could affect more than 60,000 people, Turkish media reports say.

No general amnesty

But the authorities are reportedly being careful not to frame it as an "amnesty".

"Sick prisoners should not die in prison... These measures should not be interpreted as a general amnesty, which is not on the agenda," Justice Minister Yilmaz Tunc said.

But DEM co-chair Tulay Hatimogullari said a move to free prisoners was essential.

"There are nearly 10,000 political prisoners in this country... If a peace process is ever to get under way, they must be released as soon as possible," she said Monday.

For DEM, that must include prisoners like Selahattin Demirtas, the charismatic former leader of a former pro-Kurdish party who has been jailed since 2016.

"With the complete elimination of terror and violence, the door to a new era will open," Erdogan said Monday.

Some prisoners, such as Demirtas or the philanthropist Osman Kavala, who is serving life on charges of "trying to overthrow the government", could in theory be quickly freed if Türkiye heeded rulings by the European Court of Human Rights, which has repeatedly demanded their release.

Proof of disarming

But before that, Ankara is awaiting concrete proof that the PKK has actually laid down its weapons, Abdulkadir Selvi, a columnist close to the government, wrote in the Hurriyet newspaper.

"The democratic changes will start after the head of the MIT (intelligence services) has submitted his report to President Erdogan," he wrote.

According to Turkish media reports, the MIT will supervise the weapons handover at locations in Türkiye, Syria and Iraq.

It will register the weapons handed in and the identity of the fighters in coordination with the Syrian and Iraqi authorities.

"Our intelligence service will follow the process meticulously to ensure the promises are kept," Erdogan said Wednesday.

Most of the PKK's fighters have spent the past decade in the mountains of northern Iraq.

Those who have committed no crime in Türkiye will be allowed to return without fear of prosecution.

But the PKK's leaders will be forced into exile in third-party states such as Norway or South Africa, media reports suggest.

Deposed mayors

Duran Kalkan, a member of the PKK's executive committee, said Tuesday that renouncing armed struggle "can only be implemented under (Ocalan's) leadership" and when he is guaranteed "free living and working conditions".

Experts say prison conditions for Ocalan, 76, will be "eased" but he is unlikely to leave the Imrali prison island where he has been held since 1999, largely because his life would be threatened.

"Naming trustees (to replace deposed mayors) will become an exceptional measure... after the terrorist organization is dissolved," Erdogan said, suggesting that Kurdish mayors removed from office over alleged ties to the PKK would be reinstated.

In total, 16 opposition mayors from the DEM and the main opposition CHP have been removed since local elections in March 2024.