Saudi-Egyptian Cooperation on Excavation Project at Ramses III Site

Egyptian archaeologist Zahi Hawass receives from Jasir Al-Herbish, the CEO of the Saudi Heritage Commission, replicas representing prehistoric artifacts that were discovered in Saudi Arabia.
Egyptian archaeologist Zahi Hawass receives from Jasir Al-Herbish, the CEO of the Saudi Heritage Commission, replicas representing prehistoric artifacts that were discovered in Saudi Arabia.
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Saudi-Egyptian Cooperation on Excavation Project at Ramses III Site

Egyptian archaeologist Zahi Hawass receives from Jasir Al-Herbish, the CEO of the Saudi Heritage Commission, replicas representing prehistoric artifacts that were discovered in Saudi Arabia.
Egyptian archaeologist Zahi Hawass receives from Jasir Al-Herbish, the CEO of the Saudi Heritage Commission, replicas representing prehistoric artifacts that were discovered in Saudi Arabia.

Former Egyptian Minister of Antiquities Dr. Zahi Hawass announced that excavation work will begin in November at the site of King Ramesses III in North Saudi Arabia, indicating that he will head an archaeological team to uncover facts concerning pharaohs in the kingdom, as well as the state of trade missions between the two countries over 3,000 years ago.

In a press statement on Thursday, the official revealed that he held a meeting with Jasir Al-Herbish, CEO of the Saudi Heritage Commission, to discuss the steps needed to initiate work on excavations, implementing several other projects on Saudi heritage, and filming a series of documentaries on the kingdom’s antiquities.

In 2010, the Saudi Kingdom announced the discovery of a rock near Tayma bearing an inscription of Egyptian pharaoh Ramesses III, saying it was the first confirmed discovery of a hieroglyphic inscription on Saudi soil.

At that time, Hawass, who had been the Secretary-General of the Supreme Council of Egyptian Antiquities, suggested that “the two countries cooperate to uncover the Pharaonic presence in the Arabian Peninsula.” He reiterated his offer in an article he published at the end of 2019.

In statements to Asharq al-Awsat, Hawass clarified that “the discovery of artifacts linked to Ramesses III in Saudi Arabia came as no surprise, especially since King Ramesses III sent merchants to acquire copper from a nearby region (which he believes to be Saudi Arabia). Thus, there is a strong chance of Egyptian artifacts in the Arabian Peninsula."

“The excavations have not commenced yet, and when we begin, we will find out what can be discovered based on historical evidence surrounding the area.”

He also said that “the excavations in the kingdom revealed a trade route that links the two countries that had been used in earlier centuries, which opens the door to the possibility of finding new remains and evidence of Egyptian Kings having sent trade missions to the kingdom more than 3,000 years ago.”

There are about 46 archaeological sites in Tayma and various monuments, some around 500,000 years old, including fossils of extinct beings and remains of prehistoric civilizations, as the city had been among the most prominent cities on the trade route between Egypt and Mesopotamia.



European Satellite Launcher Set for First Commercial Blast Off

This handout satellite image made available on February 11, 2025 by the European Space Agency and captured by the Copernicus Sentinel-2 mission on April 02, 2024, shows the Amsterdam Island, that is part of France's French Southern and Antarctic Lands in the Indian Ocean. (Photo by Handout / COPERNICUS SENTINEL-2 / AFP)
This handout satellite image made available on February 11, 2025 by the European Space Agency and captured by the Copernicus Sentinel-2 mission on April 02, 2024, shows the Amsterdam Island, that is part of France's French Southern and Antarctic Lands in the Indian Ocean. (Photo by Handout / COPERNICUS SENTINEL-2 / AFP)
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European Satellite Launcher Set for First Commercial Blast Off

This handout satellite image made available on February 11, 2025 by the European Space Agency and captured by the Copernicus Sentinel-2 mission on April 02, 2024, shows the Amsterdam Island, that is part of France's French Southern and Antarctic Lands in the Indian Ocean. (Photo by Handout / COPERNICUS SENTINEL-2 / AFP)
This handout satellite image made available on February 11, 2025 by the European Space Agency and captured by the Copernicus Sentinel-2 mission on April 02, 2024, shows the Amsterdam Island, that is part of France's French Southern and Antarctic Lands in the Indian Ocean. (Photo by Handout / COPERNICUS SENTINEL-2 / AFP)

After several postponements, Europe's Ariane 6 launcher will carry out its first commercial mission on Monday when it puts a French military intelligence satellite into space.

The launch from the Kourou base in French Guiana is key to Europe's efforts to build up its security autonomy amid the shocks caused by the US-Russia diplomatic rapprochement.

"The whole world is watching us," Arianespace chief executive David Cavailloles told AFP this month.

Ariane 5 was retired in 2023 and Europe has not been able to use Russia's Soyuz rocket for satellite launches since Russia's 2022 invasion of Ukraine.

Ariane 6 underwent a successful test in July last year and is scheduled to carry out five launches this year.

First scheduled in December, the launch was put back until February 26 and then March 3 because of problems getting the satellite to the Kourou base, according to Arianespace.

"All launches have risks. Problems can happen with the launcher, with the satellite. We make sure that everything is ready and if it needs a few extra weeks, a few extra months, it is not a problem," said Lionel Suchet, head of France's National Center for Space Studies (CNES).

Given the military role of the satellite being put into space, strict security precautions are being taken to limit access at the base while three Rafale fighter jets will patrol the surrounding skies.

"The satellite has to be protected. It has special instruments that must not be seen by just anybody," said Catherine Leveau, CNES director of space transport.

The CSO-3 satellite will complete a network of three French military satellites, with the first two launched in 2018 and 2020 by Soyuz.

The satellites "strengthen" France's military autonomy, according to CNES defence consultant Philippe Steininger.

Some of the images taken by CSO-3 will be shared with the German and Belgian militaries that have invested in the satellites.

Sweden also has access to some images in exchange for letting France use its space research center near the Arctic town of Kiruna.