'Starvation on the Way': Border Crossing Decision Weighs on Northwest Syria

A road sign that reads Welcome to Bab al-Hawa crossing is seen at Bab al-Hawa crossing at the Syrian-Turkish border, in Idlib governorate, Syria June 10, 2021. (Reuters)
A road sign that reads Welcome to Bab al-Hawa crossing is seen at Bab al-Hawa crossing at the Syrian-Turkish border, in Idlib governorate, Syria June 10, 2021. (Reuters)
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'Starvation on the Way': Border Crossing Decision Weighs on Northwest Syria

A road sign that reads Welcome to Bab al-Hawa crossing is seen at Bab al-Hawa crossing at the Syrian-Turkish border, in Idlib governorate, Syria June 10, 2021. (Reuters)
A road sign that reads Welcome to Bab al-Hawa crossing is seen at Bab al-Hawa crossing at the Syrian-Turkish border, in Idlib governorate, Syria June 10, 2021. (Reuters)

Hussein Mahmoud, a displaced farmer from Syria's Hama province who now lives in a camp in northern Idlib, divides the basic items in a food basket he receives monthly amongst his wife and 13 children.

By mid-month, the bread, rice, lentils and other essentials he gets as aid are nearly scarce but Mahmoud now fears this little support that has provided a lifeline for his family might end.

"If this food aid stops, where do we go? What do we do?" he said. "Starvation is on the way."

Millions of people living in northwest Syria, many of them displaced from elsewhere in the country's decade-long conflict, face Mahmoud's fate should the United Nations fail to approve an extension to cross-border humanitarian operations this July.

Access for cross-border aid from Turkey was reduced last year to just one crossing point after opposition from Russia and China - permanent Security Council members - to renewing other crossings. A new showdown is likely next month when the operation's mandate must be renewed.

Idlib province, Syria's last rebel stronghold, is home to around 3 million people, more than half of whom depend on food aid.

All of that filters through the Bab al-Hawa crossing where currently around 1,000 UN trucks enter a month through Turkey.

"Right now there is a plan for if no renewal happens and alongside our partner the World Food Program we are stockpiling for three months until the end of September," said Bassil al-Dirri, Idlib area manager for the Turkish Humanitarian Relief Association (IYD).

"But after that there will be nothing."

Surging food prices
President Bashar al-Assad has survived the insurgency against him, and now holds sway over around 70% of the country, helped by Russia's military and Iran's Shiite militias.

But Turkey still controls territory in the northwest and there are growing concerns that Russia, Assad's ally, will veto a decision to keep the crossing open.

Should that happen, UN coordinated aid would have to re-route operations through Damascus.

"I ask all the humanitarians in the world to stand up against Russia to not make this happen," said Abdelsalam al-Youssef, director of Teh displaced camp in northern Idlib.

"There will be a humanitarian catastrophe if it does," he said as he attended a rally on the issue in the camp.

Some in Idlib warn of looming price rises should basic items grow scarce as demand for staples like bread and rice increases and supply remains limited.

"Traditional trade routes can't cope with the needs of the market... so from an economic perspective, there will be an insane increase in prices" Dirri said.

"We are talking about basic items for each family, not luxuries... no family can go on living without them," he said.

Food prices in Syria have jumped by more than 200% in the last year alone, a March assessment by the WFP found.

The study found that a record 12.4 million Syrians, more than 60% of the population, suffer from food insecurity and hunger, double the number of 2018.

Some of the country's poorest and most desperate, having abandoned homes and land to flee war, live in Idlib's squalid camps like Mahmoud.

His family's fate and millions of others now hangs on the July 10 decision.

"We are asking God first and then the authorities to please make this continue for us," he said.



Resentment Growing Among Hezbollah Supporters after Latest War with Israel

This picture shows the destruction in the southern Lebanese village of Khiam on December 13, 2024, after Israel withdrew from the area as Lebanon's army deployed under a ceasefire deal with Hezbollah. (AFP)
This picture shows the destruction in the southern Lebanese village of Khiam on December 13, 2024, after Israel withdrew from the area as Lebanon's army deployed under a ceasefire deal with Hezbollah. (AFP)
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Resentment Growing Among Hezbollah Supporters after Latest War with Israel

This picture shows the destruction in the southern Lebanese village of Khiam on December 13, 2024, after Israel withdrew from the area as Lebanon's army deployed under a ceasefire deal with Hezbollah. (AFP)
This picture shows the destruction in the southern Lebanese village of Khiam on December 13, 2024, after Israel withdrew from the area as Lebanon's army deployed under a ceasefire deal with Hezbollah. (AFP)

Resentment is growing among Hezbollah’s popular support base in wake of the latest war against Israel and as more families begin to realize the extent of the damage incurred by their properties during the conflict.

Hezbollah supporters have in private spoken about their resentment, but now some have started to speak openly about refusing to return to their homes in the southern suburb of Beirut, known as Dahiyeh, or even rebuilding their houses in the South because they fear the eruption of a new war that will leave their livelihoods in ruin yet again.

Some residents of Dahiyeh, the South and eastern Bekaa region have opted to return to homes that were not destroyed, while others have refused to return to regions that will likely be targeted again in any future war. So, they have started to seek alternatives due to a growing conviction that they no longer want to be fodder for any new conflict.

Ali Shehab, whose house in Dahiyeh was slightly damaged, has decided to seek a “safe area” where he can rent a house for the coming years.

He took the decision even though his house could be renovated swiftly. Hezbollah had inspected the house and decided against offering him temporary lodging until it can be renovated at the party’s expense.

Shehab said the party would not compensate him for the solar panels that he lost during the war.

Hezbollah had announced that it would offer compensation to families whose homes were damaged or destroyed. The party offered 12,000 dollars, divided equally in covering a year’s rent and buying necessities for the rented property.

It also asked owners of damaged houses to carry out the renovations themselves and that it would later repay them. However, the repayment process is slow, complained affected owners.

Shehab told Asharq Al-Awsat that resentment is growing among Hezbollah’s Shiite support base. The party has tried to appease them by offering these compensations, he revealed.

He predicted that the resentment will only grow if the compensations do not satisfy the people.

The resentment, he explained, is rooted in fears over the future. The prevailing sentiment is “we don’t want to rebuild our homes to lose them again in another war ten or 15 years from now. We don’t want to start over again. So families are asking themselves: do we rebuild or not? Do we return to Dahiyeh or seek a safer area?”

“Anyone who has an alternative has not and will not return to Dahiyeh,” stressed Shehab.

Smoke rises from the site of an Israeli airstrike in Dahiyeh, Beirut, Lebanon, Thursday, Oct. 3, 2024. (AP)

Losses in two wars

Hussein A. told Asharq Al-Awsat that his family lost his house in Dahiyeh and in the southern border town of al-Khiam. He is now residing in Zahle and his relatives in another region. “We will not return to Dahiyeh any time soon,” he revealed.

He said that no one has approached his family about compensation.

Moreover, Hussein stressed that this was not the first time he loses his home because of a war between Hezbollah and Israel. Back in 2006, his family did not receive compensation from the party in Khiam because it refused to raise the Hezbollah flag over their homes.

“We don’t care for what they have to offer,” he stated. “My brother’s house was destroyed in the strike that assassinated Hezbollah Secretary-General Hassan Nasrallah. My house is no longer livable after a strike hit a nearby warehouse. We were told it was storing wood, but it turned out to be a Hezbollah warehouse.”

“We are not Hezbollah supporters who are forced to suffer the consequences of its decisions. We were born Shiite. At one point we used to support the party as they liberated our land, but we no longer tolerate wars,” Hussein said.

“What have we gained from the latest war? They kept on telling us that Israel will not succeed in occupying villages and yet, 20 days since the ceasefire, we haven’t been able to visit them,” he added.

Hussein said he only had one wish, that his children live in their village and “that they do not end up being displaced the way we were.”

He told Asharq Al-Awsat that he was seriously considering immigrating from Lebanon, “which is no longer ours.”

He said he wanted to raise his children in a safe environment. “We can no longer tolerate more losses,” he added, while criticizing Hezbollah for “engaging in wars that have nothing to do with us”

This picture shows a heavily damaged house in the southern Lebanese village of Khiam on December 13, 2024, after Israel withdrew from the area as Lebanon's army deployed under a ceasefire deal with Hezbollah. (AFP)

Alternatives

Political analyst Ali al-Amin said Hezbollah and its supporters in Dahiyeh, the South and the Bekaa are confronted with the massive destruction and a crisis of finding alternative housing for residents whose homes have been destroyed.

They also must deal with restoring services and removing the rubble.

On the growing resentment, he explained to Asharq Al-Awsat that that stems from the shaky ceasefire, noting that Israel continues to carry out military operations in the South.

The supporters namely want compensation for their losses so that they can rebuild and renovate their homes, while it seems that Hezbollah is not really taking any initiative to do so.

Hezbollah officials have even started to throw this responsibility on the state, raising fears that the people will be left to fend for themselves with no one to rescue them from this disaster, Amin remarked.

Furthermore, he noted that some 30 villages along the border with Israel have been completely destroyed. It remains to be seen if Israel will allow the residents to return or even rebuild their homes.

This had led to a growing sense of pessimism about the coming days, he continued.

Wealthy families in the South have sought houses in areas outside of Hezbollah’s influence, while others have opted to immigrate.

Complaints have also been made against Hezbollah over its perceived shortcomings in dealing with the people’s losses and delays in paying compensation, Amine added.