S.Africa's Mountain Farmers Cash in On Truffle Bet

Small scale farmer Happy Letsitsa stands amongst his crops near Welkom, South Africa, June 11, 2021. REUTERS/Siyabonga Sishi
Small scale farmer Happy Letsitsa stands amongst his crops near Welkom, South Africa, June 11, 2021. REUTERS/Siyabonga Sishi
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S.Africa's Mountain Farmers Cash in On Truffle Bet

Small scale farmer Happy Letsitsa stands amongst his crops near Welkom, South Africa, June 11, 2021. REUTERS/Siyabonga Sishi
Small scale farmer Happy Letsitsa stands amongst his crops near Welkom, South Africa, June 11, 2021. REUTERS/Siyabonga Sishi

Only shrubs grew naturally in the sandy acid soil that farmer Volker Miros chose as a site to test the potential for truffle production in South Africa.

The determined mycophile saw no reason why the highly prized fungi could not grow on the plateaus of South Africa's rugged Cederberg mountains in the west of the country, where the climate is similar to that of Mediterranean Europe.

"We looked at where truffles are grown in the rest of the world and it's in the northern hemisphere, about 32 to 35 degrees north," said the white-bearded Miros, wearing a black beanie on a chilly winter day.

"The same thing needs to be looked at 35 degrees south" -- where the family farm lies around 1,100 meters (3,600 feet) above sea level, he said.

Miros, 81, who picked mushrooms with his grandfather as a child in Germany, is a pioneer of South Africa's budding truffle cultivation industry, reported AFP.

In 2009, he imported spores of the French Perigord variety -- touted as the "black diamond" of the culinary world -- and used them to inoculate the roots of oak seedlings that were then planted in the area.

After six years of trial and error, and tons of calcitic lime to counter the soil's acidity, the first truffles were finally unearthed.

Today the family is South Africa's number one Perigord grower and supplier, with almost 100 hectares (250 acres) of truffle orchards planted not only in the Cederberg region but also in other pockets of the country with similar climates.

The most prolific of the orchards yields close to 10 kilograms (22 pounds) of truffles per hectare each season, which spans South Africa's coldest months from June to August.

- 'Wet forest floor smell' -
"We were the crazy farmers on top of the mountain," Miros's son Paul chuckled, squinting in the winter sunlight as he looked over neat rows of inoculated oak trees and shrubs surrounded by snowy peaks.

A dog sat obediently by his side, having recently uncovered a tuber the size of a tennis ball.

The highest quality Miros truffle sells for 20,000 rand (around $1,370) per kilo this year, almost at par with the European market rates.

Most buyers are local high-end restaurants that have only recently started to incorporate the delicacy into their dishes.

"People in South Africa don't know truffles that well," said Paul Miros, 56, likening their taste to "the smell of a wet forest floor".

"One of our biggest challenges was getting... people to buy truffles in their fresh state, because they only last about three weeks out of the ground," he noted.

"It needs a proper chef who understands how to cook with it," he added.

A small but growing number of restaurants have worked the pungent tuber into their menus, conquering delighted customers with fresh truffle pastas and buttery potato dishes.

Paul Miros, who relishes experimenting with truffles in the kitchen, swears by a more unusual pairing.

"I like making vanilla ice cream with a little bit of truffle in it," he said. "That creamy texture... really carries the truffle flavor excellently."



Rain, Snow Offer Hope in Japan’s Worst Wildfire in 50 Years 

Members of the media look out across the bay at smoke rising from a mountain in the rain as firefighters continue to battle a wildfire near the city of Ofunato on March 5, 2025. (AFP)
Members of the media look out across the bay at smoke rising from a mountain in the rain as firefighters continue to battle a wildfire near the city of Ofunato on March 5, 2025. (AFP)
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Rain, Snow Offer Hope in Japan’s Worst Wildfire in 50 Years 

Members of the media look out across the bay at smoke rising from a mountain in the rain as firefighters continue to battle a wildfire near the city of Ofunato on March 5, 2025. (AFP)
Members of the media look out across the bay at smoke rising from a mountain in the rain as firefighters continue to battle a wildfire near the city of Ofunato on March 5, 2025. (AFP)

Japan battled its worst wildfire in half a century on Wednesday in a region hit by record-low rainfall, as wet weather gave hope for some relief.

The blaze around the northern city of Ofunato in the Iwate region has raged for more than a week, killing one person and forcing nearly 4,000 residents to evacuate their homes.

It has engulfed about 2,900 hectares (7,170 acres) -- around half the size of Manhattan -- making it the largest wildfire since at least 1975, when 2,700 hectares burnt in Hokkaido.

"The fire was like nothing I've seen before. It was towering and spreading fast," said Mitsuo Otsubo, 85, who fled his home to stay with a relative.

"It didn't rain or snow at all this year... Thank goodness it rained today though. I can only hope it will help contain the situation," the seaweed and scallop farmer told AFP.

An 86-year-old woman, who declined to be identified, said she had seen "a huge amount of smoke rising up and then the fire".

"The wind was really strong and I was so stunned that my pulse became erratic," she said.

Columns of white smoke billowed from a mountain through the rain and snow on Wednesday, AFP reporters saw. More wet weather was forecast through Thursday.

"Firefighters have been working on the ground through the night," a city official told AFP on Wednesday.

"We are hoping that snow, which started to fall this morning, will help," he said.

- Hot soak -

At least 84 buildings are believed to have been damaged, although details are still being assessed, according to the fire agency.

Almost 4,000 people had complied with orders to evacuate by late Tuesday.

The owner of an "onsen" hot spring inn voluntarily opened his facility for free to evacuees.

"Not being able to bathe yourself on top of dealing with the chaos of life in a shelter definitely wears you down," 60-year-old Toyoshige Shida, of Ofunato Onsen, told AFP.

He said he built the inn after seeing how people suffered in the wake of a huge earthquake and tsunami in 2011 that killed at least 340 people in Ofunato alone.

- Dry weather -

Japan endured its hottest summer on record last year as climate change pushes up temperatures worldwide.

The number of wildfires in the country has declined since its 1970s peak.

However, there were about 1,300 in 2023, concentrated in the period from February to April when the air dries out and winds pick up.

Ofunato received just 2.5 millimeters (0.1 inches) of rainfall in February -- breaking the previous record low for the month of 4.4 millimeters in 1967 and well below the average of 41 millimeters.

Greg Mullins, formerly fire and rescue commissioner for the Australian state of New South Wales, told AFP that the Japan fire and the recent Los Angeles wildfires were "highly unusual" because they were in winter.

"In both cases the fires were preceded by hot summers, which increased evaporation and drying of vegetation, followed by large rainfall deficits that parched the landscape," he said.

"This is a common by-product of climate change that is being seen worldwide," said Mullins, a founder of the Emergency Leaders for Climate Action group.

"As the planet warms further, we can expect to see fires in places where they have never before been a problem."

- 'High hopes' -

Around 2,000 firefighters, most deployed from other parts of Japan, including Tokyo, have been working from the air and on the ground.

"The fact that teams of firefighters are being reinforced every day, and that the fire has been going on for a week, shows the extent of the dry weather and the difficulties we are facing," Ofunato Mayor Kiyoshi Fuchigami told reporters.

The topography of the mountainous coastal area, with steep slopes and narrow and winding roads, was hampering the fire-fighting operation.

Japanese baseball prodigy Roki Sasaki, who recently joined the Los Angeles Dodgers, has offered a 10-million-yen ($67,000) donation and 500 sets of bedding.

Sasaki attended high school in Ofunato after losing his father and grandparents in the 2011 tsunami.