Sudan Says to ‘Hand over’ Bashir for International War Crimes Trial

Sudan’s deposed president Omar al-Bashir looks on from a defendant’s cage during the opening of his corruption trial in Khartoum on August 19, 2019. (AFP)
Sudan’s deposed president Omar al-Bashir looks on from a defendant’s cage during the opening of his corruption trial in Khartoum on August 19, 2019. (AFP)
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Sudan Says to ‘Hand over’ Bashir for International War Crimes Trial

Sudan’s deposed president Omar al-Bashir looks on from a defendant’s cage during the opening of his corruption trial in Khartoum on August 19, 2019. (AFP)
Sudan’s deposed president Omar al-Bashir looks on from a defendant’s cage during the opening of his corruption trial in Khartoum on August 19, 2019. (AFP)

Sudan will hand ousted longtime president Omar al-Bashir to the International Criminal Court along with two other officials wanted over the Darfur conflict, Foreign Minister Mariam al-Mahdi said Wednesday.

Bashir, 77, has been wanted by the ICC for more than a decade over charges of genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity in the Sudanese region.

The United Nations says 300,000 people were killed and 2.5 million displaced in the Darfur conflict, which erupted in the vast western region in 2003.

The “cabinet decided to hand over wanted officials to the ICC,” Mahdi was quoted as saying by state news agency SUNA, without giving a time frame.

The cabinet’s decision to hand him over came during a visit to Sudan by ICC chief prosecutor Karim Khan, who met with Mahdi on Tuesday.

But the decision still needs the approval of Sudan’s transitional ruling body, the sovereign council, comprised of military and civilian figures.

On Wednesday, Khan met with the leader of the sovereign council, General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, as well as Mohamed Hamdan Daglo, its deputy chair.

Daglo said Sudan “is prepared to cooperate with the ICC,” SUNA reported.

ICC spokesperson Fadi El Abdallah did not comment on the announcement, saying Khan was “in Khartoum to discuss cooperation matters”, but that the prosecutor would hold a press conference on Thursday afternoon.

The transitional authorities have previously said they would hand Bashir over, but one stumbling block was that Sudan was not party to the court’s founding Rome Statute.

But last week, Sudan’s cabinet voted to ratify the Rome Statute, a crucial move seen as one step towards Bashir potentially facing trial.

‘Horrific crimes’
Bashir, who ruled Sudan with an iron fist for three decades before being deposed amid popular protests in 2019, is behind bars in Khartoum’s high security Kober prison.

He is jailed alongside two other former top officials facing ICC war crimes charges -- ex-defense minister Abdel Rahim Mohamed Hussein and Ahmed Haroun, a former governor of South Kordofan.

The Hague-based ICC issued an arrest warrant for Bashir in 2009 for war crimes and crimes against humanity in Darfur, later adding genocide to the charges.

Bashir was ousted by the military and detained in April 2019 after four months of mass nationwide protests against his rule.

The former strongman was convicted in December 2019 for corruption, and has been on trial in Khartoum since July 2020 for the Islamist-backed 1989 coup which brought him to power. He faces the death penalty if found guilty.

Amnesty International has previously called for Bashir to be held accountable for “horrific crimes”, referring to the genocide in Darfur.

Vow for justice
Sudan has been led since August 2019 by a transitional civilian-military administration, that has vowed to bring justice to victims of crimes committed under Bashir.

Khartoum signed a peace deal last October with key Darfuri armed groups, with some of their leaders taking top jobs in government, although violence continues to dog the region.

The Darfur war broke out in 2003 when factions took up arms complaining of systematic discrimination by Bashir’s government.

Khartoum responded by unleashing the notorious Janjaweed militia, recruited from among the region’s nomadic peoples.

Human rights groups have long accused Bashir and his former aides of using a scorched earth policy, raping, killing, looting and burning villages.

In July, a peacekeeping force completed its withdrawal from the war-ravaged region.

But after years of conflict, the arid and impoverished region is awash with automatic weapons and clashes still erupt, often over land and access to water.

Last year, alleged senior Janjaweed militia leader Ali Muhammad Ali Abd al-Rahman, also known by the nom de guerre Ali Kushayb, surrendered to the court.

ICC judges said in July he would be the first suspect to be tried over the Darfur conflict, facing 31 counts including murder, rape and torture.



Sudan Doctors’ Union: War Death Toll Tops 40,000

A displaced Sudanese child from Darfur receives treatment at a refugee hospital in eastern Chad. (EPA)
A displaced Sudanese child from Darfur receives treatment at a refugee hospital in eastern Chad. (EPA)
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Sudan Doctors’ Union: War Death Toll Tops 40,000

A displaced Sudanese child from Darfur receives treatment at a refugee hospital in eastern Chad. (EPA)
A displaced Sudanese child from Darfur receives treatment at a refugee hospital in eastern Chad. (EPA)

Over 40,000 people have died in Sudan’s ongoing conflict between the army and Rapid Support Forces (RSF) since April last year, according to Ahmed Abbas, spokesperson for the independent Sudan Doctors’ Union.

Abbas believes the actual number could be higher, as many deaths go unreported and bodies remain unaccounted for.

Accurate casualty counts are challenging, but UN and human rights estimates suggest around 12,000 deaths by late December.

Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat, Abbas broke down the numbers: 20,000 killed in direct clashes, 16,000 due to lack of medical care and starvation, and around 4,000 in El Fasher, North Darfur.

A UN report from January estimated 10,000 to 15,000 deaths in Geneina, West Darfur.

Abbas described Sudan’s health system as “collapsed,” worsening with the rainy season and outbreaks of malaria, dengue, measles and other diseases.

He noted that “80% of health services are non-functional, and the rest lack essential supplies and medications amid ongoing water and electricity outages.”

The ongoing conflict in Sudan has completely destroyed 28 hospitals and health centers, and forced the evacuation of 22 medical facilities, some now occupied by warring forces, according to Abbas.

Abbas described the health situation in El Fasher and nearby areas as “extremely critical” due to a siege by the RSF. He warned that more civilians will die without urgent help.

Since fighting began in El Fasher in May, over 4,000 people have been killed and more than 5,000 injured, he revealed, adding that the actual toll is likely higher.

Last week, 13,000 civilians fled El Fasher due to violence, including killings, rapes, and looting. Abbas said the overall situation in Darfur is now worse than during the 2003 crisis, with a full-scale humanitarian disaster developing.

Abbas also reported hundreds of rapes of women and girls, noting that many survivors have not come forward due to fear, social stigma, or lack of treatment centers.

Salima Ishaq, director of Sudan's Combating Violence Against Women Unit, documented 191 cases of sexual violence since the war began, with the highest rates in RSF-controlled areas.

Abbas revealed that over 58 doctors have been killed in the conflict, with many others arrested, tortured, or interrogated.

Attacks on medical workers in conflict-ridden Sudan have forced some aid organizations to leave or stop operations in regions like Gezira and El Fasher, he added.

Médecins Sans Frontières (Doctors Without Borders) is among those affected.

The RSF has blocked humanitarian aid from reaching civilians in some areas under its control, while a d arriving via Port Sudan has not been distributed to those in need and instead ended up on the black market, Abbas added.

He called on the international and regional communities to coordinate aid distribution with medical organizations and local service committees, and to establish aid centers in neighboring countries to ensure help reaches those who need it most.