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Jeddah’s Ramadan Nights...Festival that Seeks to Revive Social, Urban Heritage

The festival, which is hosted by the Abdul Raouf Khalil Museum, simulates the life aspects of the oldest five quarters in Jeddah. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
The festival, which is hosted by the Abdul Raouf Khalil Museum, simulates the life aspects of the oldest five quarters in Jeddah. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
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Jeddah’s Ramadan Nights...Festival that Seeks to Revive Social, Urban Heritage

The festival, which is hosted by the Abdul Raouf Khalil Museum, simulates the life aspects of the oldest five quarters in Jeddah. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
The festival, which is hosted by the Abdul Raouf Khalil Museum, simulates the life aspects of the oldest five quarters in Jeddah. (Asharq Al-Awsat)

The Abdul Raouf Khalil Museum opens its doors on Thursday to the public with an assortment of heritage and artistic activities to take them to an open space of antiquity, originality, pleasure and art, in the oldest five quarters of Jeddah.

Jeddah’s Ramadan Nights is one of the events organized by the city’s residents to revive the past and remind younger generations about the life of their ancestors, their urban heritage, and social and religious traditions, under the supervision of the Ministry of Culture and the General Authority for Entertainment.

The festival, which is hosted by the Abdul Raouf Khalil Museum – one of Saudi Arabia’s prominent and most beautiful museums and tourist attractions - simulates the life aspects of the oldest five quarters in Jeddah, Bab Makkah, Al-Mazloum, Al-Bahr, Al-Sham, and Al-Yaman, with their social customs and traditions.

As you cross the gate of the Museum Square, your journey into history begins, where Walid Diab, a resident of the town, welcomes you with Saudi coffee, and the most famous Hijazi greetings. The alleys of Bab al-Makkah quarter take you to Al-Sham and Al-Mazloum neighborhoods, where you will find many productive families offering beautiful handicrafts.

Then the road leads you to Al-Bahr and Yemen quarters, with all their famous food and Hijazi drinks.

Visitors in this area get to know Al-Masharati, who used to wander with his drum to wake the sleepers on the nights of Ramadan, to remind them of the time of Suhoor.

You will also meet the iconic Hakawati (the storyteller), who is embodied by Ahmed Al-Sayyad, a local resident.

“He is that talented man, who is skilled in the art of telling stories, tales, and legends that are passed down through generations; People would gather around him to listen to his anecdotes… But after television invaded our society… this social phenomenon gradually disappeared,” Al-Sayyad tells Asharq Al-Awsat.

From “the storyteller” to “Faraqna,” the man who sells clothes, kohl, combs, cosmetics, and sometimes sweets to children…

During the Ramadan Nights of Jeddah, the visitors will also get to know some of the occupations that were famous in this particular region, including coppersmiths, fishermen, and also sailors who used to go on long trips to extract pearls from the depths of the sea.

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Climate Change Causing More Change in Rainfall, Fiercer Typhoons, Scientists Say 

People and vehicles wade through the water along a street that was flooded by Typhoon Gaemi in Kaohsiung on July 25, 2024. (AFP)
People and vehicles wade through the water along a street that was flooded by Typhoon Gaemi in Kaohsiung on July 25, 2024. (AFP)
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Climate Change Causing More Change in Rainfall, Fiercer Typhoons, Scientists Say 

People and vehicles wade through the water along a street that was flooded by Typhoon Gaemi in Kaohsiung on July 25, 2024. (AFP)
People and vehicles wade through the water along a street that was flooded by Typhoon Gaemi in Kaohsiung on July 25, 2024. (AFP)

Climate change is driving changes in rainfall patterns across the world, scientists said in a paper published on Friday, which could also be intensifying typhoons and other tropical storms.

Taiwan, the Philippines and then China were lashed by the year's most powerful typhoon this week, with schools, businesses and financial markets shut as wind speeds surged up to 227 kph (141 mph). On China's eastern coast, hundreds of thousands of people were evacuated ahead of landfall on Thursday.

Stronger tropical storms are part of a wider phenomenon of weather extremes driven by higher temperatures, scientists say.

Researchers led by Zhang Wenxia at the China Academy of Sciences studied historical meteorological data and found about 75% of the world's land area had seen a rise in "precipitation variability" or wider swings between wet and dry weather.

Warming temperatures have enhanced the ability of the atmosphere to hold moisture, which is causing wider fluctuations in rainfall, the researchers said in a paper published by the Science journal.

"(Variability) has increased in most places, including Australia, which means rainier rain periods and drier dry periods," said Steven Sherwood, a scientist at the Climate Change Research Center at the University of New South Wales, who was not involved in the study.

"This is going to increase as global warming continues, enhancing the chances of droughts and/or floods."

FEWER, BUT MORE INTENSE, STORMS

Scientists believe that climate change is also reshaping the behavior of tropical storms, including typhoons, making them less frequent but more powerful.

"I believe higher water vapor in the atmosphere is the ultimate cause of all of these tendencies toward more extreme hydrologic phenomena," Sherwood told Reuters.

Typhoon Gaemi, which first made landfall in Taiwan on Wednesday, was the strongest to hit the island in eight years.

While it is difficult to attribute individual weather events to climate change, models predict that global warming makes typhoons stronger, said Sachie Kanada, a researcher at Japan's Nagoya University.

"In general, warmer sea surface temperature is a favorable condition for tropical cyclone development," she said.

In its "blue paper" on climate change published this month, China said the number of typhoons in the Northwest Pacific and South China Sea had declined significantly since the 1990s, but they were getting stronger.

Taiwan also said in its climate change report published in May that climate change was likely to reduce the overall number of typhoons in the region while making each one more intense.

The decrease in the number of typhoons is due to the uneven pattern of ocean warming, with temperatures rising faster in the western Pacific than the east, said Feng Xiangbo, a tropical cyclone research scientist at the University of Reading.

Water vapor capacity in the lower atmosphere is expected to rise by 7% for each 1 degree Celsius increase in temperatures, with tropical cyclone rainfall in the United States surging by as much as 40% for each single degree rise, he said.