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Saudi Arabia Signs Artemis Accords with NASA to Explore Moon and Mars

The moon is seen during a partial lunar eclipse. Reuters file photo
The moon is seen during a partial lunar eclipse. Reuters file photo
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Saudi Arabia Signs Artemis Accords with NASA to Explore Moon and Mars

The moon is seen during a partial lunar eclipse. Reuters file photo
The moon is seen during a partial lunar eclipse. Reuters file photo

Saudi Arabia signed on Saturday the Artemis Accords with NASA to join the international alliance in civil exploration and the use of the moon, Mars, meteorites, and comets for peace and the beneficial use of space for all of humanity, and to bring Man back on the moon.

The Artemis Accords align with the national priorities for innovation that the Kingdom announced end of June, including future economies, in which space is the next trillion opportunity for the world by 2040 and can aid in the growth of a multitude of sectors and create thousands of jobs.

The agreement was signed during the US president’s visit to Saudi Arabia and was attended by Abdullah Alswaha, Chairman of the Board of the Saudi Space Commission, and Saudi Ambassador to the US Princess Reema bint Bandar bin Sultan Al Saud.

CEO of the Saudi Space Commission Mohammed Altamimi signed the Accords on behalf of the Kingdom, while NASA was represented by Senator Bill Nelson.

The Artemis Accords include 13 items that aim in general to affirm the Kingdom’s international presence and its active contribution to joint international projects, and bolster the Kingdom’s positioning as a leading nation in the “New Space” sector through its contributions to emerging space activities in science and exploration missions, empowering the space economy, and developing research capabilities and human capital.

Joining the Artemis Accords affirms the Kingdom’s commitment to sustainable space exploration and the peaceful and responsible use of space exploration, boosts the Kingdom’s ambitions in the space sector and is in line with its plans to diversify the economy, attract foreign direct investments and create thousands of jobs for Saudi youth.

The Accords will launch its three execution phases with the first phase to send unmanned space missions for testing and scientific experiments, followed by the second phase that will focus on sending astronauts to explore and return without landing on the moon.

The third phase will have the astronauts land on the moon’s surface and continue research and exploration. These three phases will pave the way for humanity to explore space and other celestial bodies.

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Japan's Space Agency Halts Epsilon S Rocket Engine Test after Fire

Smoke and fire is seen during a combustion test of an engine for a new small Japanese rocket Epsilon S at Tanegashima Space Center, Kagoshima prefecture, southern Japan, Tuesday, Nov. 26, 2024. (Kyodo News via AP)
Smoke and fire is seen during a combustion test of an engine for a new small Japanese rocket Epsilon S at Tanegashima Space Center, Kagoshima prefecture, southern Japan, Tuesday, Nov. 26, 2024. (Kyodo News via AP)
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Japan's Space Agency Halts Epsilon S Rocket Engine Test after Fire

Smoke and fire is seen during a combustion test of an engine for a new small Japanese rocket Epsilon S at Tanegashima Space Center, Kagoshima prefecture, southern Japan, Tuesday, Nov. 26, 2024. (Kyodo News via AP)
Smoke and fire is seen during a combustion test of an engine for a new small Japanese rocket Epsilon S at Tanegashima Space Center, Kagoshima prefecture, southern Japan, Tuesday, Nov. 26, 2024. (Kyodo News via AP)

Japan's space agency aborted an engine test for the Epsilon S rocket on Tuesday following a fire at the test site, a failure that could push the rocket's debut launch beyond the March-end target and cause further delays in the national space program.
An explosion could be heard and a blaze could be seen shortly after the ground combustion test started at the Tanegashima Space Center in southwestern Japan, according to footage from public broadcaster NHK.
The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) said the engine test encountered a "combustion abnormality" 49 seconds after the ignition. It said there was no indication of injury or damage to the outside facility, Reuters reported.
"JAXA will conduct a thorough investigation into the cause of the problem and consider countermeasures," Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshimasa Hayashi said at a regular press briefing.
Hayashi, the top government spokesperson, said rocket development is "extremely important" to ensure the autonomy of Japan's space program.
JAXA partnered with the aerospace unit of heavy machinery maker IHI to develop Epsilon S, the next generation in the Epsilon solid-fuel small rocket series. Shares in IHI were down as much as 6% in Tokyo trade. An IHI Aerospace spokesperson said the company is investigating the cause.
Epsilon S's debut flight was slated by the end of the fiscal year through March 31 depending on the success of Tuesday's engine test.
The test was conducted after previous failures triggered months of investigation that have delayed space missions and satellite launch plans.
In July last year, an Epsilon S engine test failed due to thermal damage to its ignition systems. That followed a launch failure in 2022.
JAXA's larger flagship rocket H3, built by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, failed at its first launch last year but has succeeded in three flights this year, launching Japanese satellites and winning orders including from French satellite operator Eutelsat.
The H3 and Epsilon S are central to JAXA's ambition to build cost-competitive rockets amid the rise of American commercial launch providers such as market leader SpaceX and small rocket maker Rocket Lab.
In the private sector, IHI-backed Space One is set to attempt the second launch of its Kairos small rocket on Dec. 14 after the first flight exploded in March. It aims to become the first Japanese business to put a satellite in orbit.