Number of SMEs Jumps 68% in Saudi Arabia

Entertainment is one of the sectors that helped increase the entry of small and medium enterprises into the Saudi market. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
Entertainment is one of the sectors that helped increase the entry of small and medium enterprises into the Saudi market. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
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Number of SMEs Jumps 68% in Saudi Arabia

Entertainment is one of the sectors that helped increase the entry of small and medium enterprises into the Saudi market. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
Entertainment is one of the sectors that helped increase the entry of small and medium enterprises into the Saudi market. (Asharq Al-Awsat)

The number of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Saudi Arabia increased by about 68 percent, reaching 752,500 during Q1 of 2022, in light of the incentives provided by Vision 2030.

A recent report by the Digital Transformation Program, a copy of which was reviewed by Asharq Al-Awsat, showed that SMEs constitute 99.5 percent of the total companies in the Kingdom.

The Kingdom supports this sector and paves the way for entrepreneurs to increase the contribution to the gross domestic product to 35 percent within the goals of Vision 2030.

According to the report, Vision 2030 helped increase the rate of entry of SMEs into the local market, most notably the establishment of the Small and Medium Enterprises General Authority (Monshaat).

The Authority aims to regulate, support, develop, and sponsor the SME sector in the Kingdom, following global best practices to increase their contribution to GDP.

It launched the Support Center, among the tools that helped raise the sector’s share in the Saudi market.

The Center includes integrated unified units that provide programs to develop enterprises and entrepreneurs, including consultations, presentations to investors, training, development services, and guidance.

It also links SMEs with large enterprises in the same economic zone.

The Saudi government will launch an ambitious program affiliated with Monshaat with an integrated system that supports fast-growing enterprises to promote and advance their growth by linking them with service providers and supporting public and private agencies.

The National Transformation Program (NTP) report stated that one of the most prominent efforts to support the sector is the launch of the Small and Medium Enterprises Bank, as one of the funds and development banks to increase financial loans, enhance the contributions of financial institutions in providing innovative financing solutions, and achieve financial stability.

The sector’s incentives include legislative development, such as the franchise system, which encourages the sector’s activities by setting a regulatory framework that sets policies for the relationship between the franchisor and the grantor.

It determines the foundations for this relationship based on the principle of transparency, which facilitates the procedures for introducing trademarks into the global market in Saudi Arabia.

The report indicated that one of the most important efforts that helped grow small and medium enterprises is e-commerce, which aims to boost confidence in e-transactions, protect consumer rights, and stimulate and develop the sector.

Monshaat revealed in its report for the first quarter of this year that the number of micro, small, and medium enterprises reached about 752,500 establishments, achieving a 15 percent increase compared to the same period in 2021.

The report focused on the most important event in the Kingdom during the first quarter, represented by the organization of the Global Entrepreneurship Congress in Riyadh, held in March, with over 9,300 attendees from 180 countries.

The Congress recorded a high level of agreements and investments amounting to $13.8 billion and more than ten financing rounds for Saudi startups.

The report reviewed the developments in the culture, entertainment, and sports sectors, noting that SMEs achieve an average annual revenue of $640,000, compared to the average revenue earned by emerging sectors of $800,000.

The report disclosed that SMEs received financing facilities amounting to $17.2 billion through the Kafala program launched by Monshaat, which guarantees bank loans to small and medium enterprises.



UNDP: Arab Countries May Lose Up to $194 Billion from Iran War

FILE PHOTO: A cargo ship in the Gulf, near the Strait of Hormuz, as seen from northern Ras al-Khaimah in United Arab Emirates, March 11, 2026. REUTERS/Stringer/File Photo
FILE PHOTO: A cargo ship in the Gulf, near the Strait of Hormuz, as seen from northern Ras al-Khaimah in United Arab Emirates, March 11, 2026. REUTERS/Stringer/File Photo
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UNDP: Arab Countries May Lose Up to $194 Billion from Iran War

FILE PHOTO: A cargo ship in the Gulf, near the Strait of Hormuz, as seen from northern Ras al-Khaimah in United Arab Emirates, March 11, 2026. REUTERS/Stringer/File Photo
FILE PHOTO: A cargo ship in the Gulf, near the Strait of Hormuz, as seen from northern Ras al-Khaimah in United Arab Emirates, March 11, 2026. REUTERS/Stringer/File Photo

The military escalation in the Middle East, now into its fifth week, may cost economies in the region from 3.7 to 6 percent of their collective Gross Domestic Product (GDP), a staggering loss of $120-194 billion, a new United Nations study found.

“Coupled with an estimated rise in unemployment of up to 4 percentage points or 3.6 million jobs lost—more than the total jobs created in the region in 2025, these reversals will push up to 4 million people into poverty,” according to an analysis by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), which was released early Tuesday.

The assessment - “Military Escalation in the Middle East: Economic and Social Implications for the Arab States region” - exposes the concerning reality of structural vulnerabilities characteristic to the region, which enable a short lived military escalation to generate profound and widespread socio economic impacts that may persist over a long-term.

The agency said it had studied a number of different scenarios to determine how the conflict, which began on Feb. 28, might affect countries in the region. The report’s authors indicated that the damage could be profound, even if the war ends relatively soon.

“A short-lived military escalation in the Middle East could generate profound and widespread socio-economic impacts across the Arab States region,” they said.

“Since the escalation began, maritime security risks and attacks on tankers have sharply curtailed shipping activity through the Strait of Hormuz,” said the study.

The Strait remains the world’s most critical maritime energy chokepoint, it added.

It warned that even limited military escalation or accidental incidents affecting the Strait can rapidly destabilize global energy markets and trigger sharp price movements.

The study added that simulations suggest that the military escalation could generate substantial but uneven macroeconomic impacts across the Arab States region.

Simulations indicate the Gulf Cooperation Council countries would experience macroeconomic impacts. GDP is projected to decline between 5.2 percent under the moderate disruption scenario and 8.5 percent under the most severe scenario.

The Levant region (Iraq, Lebanon, Jordan and Syria) could experience significant macroeconomic losses across all scenarios. Compared to the No-War scenario GDP is projected to decline between 5.2 percent and 8.7 percent.

These translate into between approximately 2.8 and 3.3 million additional people pushed into poverty.

The Human Development Index (HDI) declines by approximately –0.2 to –0.4 percent, corresponding to a loss of roughly half a year to nearly one year of human development progress. These impacts are most pronounced in the Levant, where losses translate into setbacks of around one to one and a half years.

According to the study, the war could also have significant implications for the region’s monetary, fiscal and financial conditions.

“The region’s central banks may therefore need to raise interest rates and intervene in foreign currency markets to contain foreign exchange and inflationary pressures and to provide liquidity support to banks,” it said.


Türkiye Cenbank Chief Says 'Natural' to Use Gold amid War Fallout

The Central Bank of Türkiye sold $22 billion in foreign government bonds from its foreign exchange reserves since February 27 (Reuters)
The Central Bank of Türkiye sold $22 billion in foreign government bonds from its foreign exchange reserves since February 27 (Reuters)
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Türkiye Cenbank Chief Says 'Natural' to Use Gold amid War Fallout

The Central Bank of Türkiye sold $22 billion in foreign government bonds from its foreign exchange reserves since February 27 (Reuters)
The Central Bank of Türkiye sold $22 billion in foreign government bonds from its foreign exchange reserves since February 27 (Reuters)

Türkiye's central bank chief said market fallout from the Iran war hurts its fight against inflation, and in such situations it is a "natural choice" to turn to gold-based transactions to support liquidity.

Fatih Karahan, the governor, said in an interview with state-owned Anadolu Agency that the bank is determined to maintain ‌the needed tight ‌policy to continue Türkiye's disinflation ‌process, ⁠which began in ⁠2024 but slowed recently.

Annual inflation edged up to 31.5% last month and year-end expectations have risen since the war began a month ago, largely due to soaring global energy prices, Reuters reported.

In response, the ⁠central bank has halted its ‌easing cycle with ‌the main rate at 37%, lifted its overnight ‌rate by about 300 basis points to ‌near 40%, and undertaken heavy sales and swaps of forex and gold reserves to support the lira currency.

Total reserves have dropped ‌by roughly $55 billion over the last month. Over the last two ⁠weeks, ⁠the central bank has begun swapping or selling billions of dollars' worth of gold reserves.

"Using gold-backed transactions during periods when foreign exchange liquidity needs to be supported is a perfectly natural choice," Karahan was quoted as saying by Anadolu on Tuesday.

He said the central bank is pursuing a "proactive, flexible, and controlled" approach to its reserve-management and liquidity tools.


Gold Set for Worst Month in More Than 17 Years as US Rate-cut Hopes Fade

An Indian woman tries on gold ornaments at a jewelry shop in Bangalore (EPA)
An Indian woman tries on gold ornaments at a jewelry shop in Bangalore (EPA)
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Gold Set for Worst Month in More Than 17 Years as US Rate-cut Hopes Fade

An Indian woman tries on gold ornaments at a jewelry shop in Bangalore (EPA)
An Indian woman tries on gold ornaments at a jewelry shop in Bangalore (EPA)

Gold prices rose on Tuesday on hopes of de-escalation in the Middle East conflict, but were poised for their worst month in more than 17 years as higher energy prices dimmed hopes for a US interest rate cut this year.

Spot gold was up 1.1% at $4,561.68 per ounce, as of 0427 GMT. US gold futures for April delivery gained 0.7% to $4,590.

The dollar eased, making greenback-denominated commodities more affordable for holders of other currencies.

"Gold prices are bouncing in ⁠early Asia-Pacific trade ⁠after US President Donald Trump told aides he is willing to end the US military campaign against Iran... That triggered a risk-on response from financial markets," said Ilya Spivak, head of global macro at Tastylive.

Trump told aides that he is willing to end the military campaign against Iran even if the Strait of Hormuz remains largely closed and leave a ⁠complex operation to reopen it for a later date, the Wall Street Journal reported on Monday.

"Gold has been stabilizing for about a week now, with a rally last Friday a particular standout. That came alongside a drop in Treasury yields that seems to suggest the markets are starting to see the Iran war as a recession risk," Reuters quoted Spivak as saying.

Bullion has fallen more than 13% so far this month, putting it on track for its steepest decline since October 2008, weighed down by a stronger dollar and fading expectations of a US interest rate cut ⁠this year. ⁠Prices are still up about 5% for the quarter.

Traders have almost completely priced out any chance of a US Federal Reserve rate cut this year, as higher energy prices threaten to feed into broader inflation.

Gold tends to thrive in a low-interest-rate environment as it is a non-yielding asset.

Before the war in the Middle East erupted, there were expectations of two Fed rate cuts for this year, according to CME Group's FedWatch tool.

Goldman Sachs said in a note that it still expects gold to reach $5,400 per ounce by end 2026 on central bank diversification and Fed easing.

Spot silver rose 2.9% to $72.04 per ounce, spot platinum gained 0.6% to $1,911.15, and palladium was up 2% at $1,434.23.