Jordan Signs MoU for Gold, Lithium Exploration

Rare earth elements project in Jordan (Jordanian Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources)
Rare earth elements project in Jordan (Jordanian Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources)
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Jordan Signs MoU for Gold, Lithium Exploration

Rare earth elements project in Jordan (Jordanian Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources)
Rare earth elements project in Jordan (Jordanian Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources)

Jordan's Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources and the Arab Mining Company signed Sunday two memoranda of understanding (MoU) to excavate lithium in Wadi Araba's Fenyan area and gold in Aqaba's Jabal Mubarak area.

The Jordan News Agency (Petra) quoted Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Saleh Kharabsheh as saying that the Arab Mining Company will explore for gold in an area of 50 square km in the Jabal Mubarak region and will explore lithium in an area of 35 square km in Wadi Araba's Finan area.

The exploration will continue for 12 months, and the geologist of the exploration area will exclude the areas located within the boundaries of the natural, archaeological, and geological reserves.

Kharabsheh stressed the importance of the deal, indicating the importance of the mining sector, which was described as having a high industrial value in the Economic Modernization Vision due to its importance in providing the national economy with added value, expanding job opportunities and contributing to efforts to achieve sustainable development.

Efforts are focused on placing Jordan firmly on the mining map at the regional and global levels, which helps economic development, especially in communities in investment locations, said the minister.

The Ministry of Energy conducted surface geochemical studies, including surface samples studies, which confirmed the presence of promising concentrations of lithium and gold ore in the south of the Kingdom.

Meanwhile, the Jordanian government signed a €200-million soft loan agreement with the European Investment Bank (EIB) to finance the National Water Carrier Project (Aqaba-Amman Water Desalination and Transport Project).

The loan falls within an EIB commitment from a donor conference held in March.

The EIB loan would be part of the government's $352 million to the Project, which would provide about 300 million cubic meters of desalinated water annually to be transported from Aqaba to Amman and other governorates, according to the Petra news agency.

Minister of Planning and International Cooperation Zeina Toukan said it was the first agreement signed to finance the National Water Carrier Project, which comes as a translation of the pledges made at the donors and financiers conference held last March.

Toukan added that Jordan would work with donors to translate the pledges into agreements during the coming period, indicating that the Project has significant environmental impacts.

She stressed the importance of the Project, which is a top priority on the government's agenda to enhance water security and achieve comprehensive economic development.

In turn, EIB Vice-President Gelsomina Vigliotti indicated that investing in the water industry is investing in the future, pointing out that through the ambitious Aqaba-Amman Water Desalination and National Water Carrier Project, Jordan would be able to adapt to climate change and would ensure environmental sustainability by using the potential of renewable energy to complete this Project.

She pointed out that the fruitful cooperation between the Jordanian government, its international partners, and EIB will contribute to providing financing to support investments to bring about a fundamental transformation in the water sector in Jordan.

EU Ambassador to Jordan Maria Hadjitheodosiou highlighted Team Europe's support for global efforts to adapt to climate change, emphasizing the importance of this funding for the National Water Carrier Project, which is the EIB's first financial commitment to the Aqaba project.

Hadjitheodosiou also noted that it reflected the EU's support to enhance Jordan's water security.



Saudi Non-Oil Exports Reach Highest Levels Since 2022

A view of the Jeddah Islamic Port. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
A view of the Jeddah Islamic Port. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
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Saudi Non-Oil Exports Reach Highest Levels Since 2022

A view of the Jeddah Islamic Port. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
A view of the Jeddah Islamic Port. (Asharq Al-Awsat)

Saudi Arabia’s non-oil exports have reached their highest levels since the second quarter of 2022, continuing to grow at a steady pace. By the end of the third quarter of this year, non-oil exports, including re-exports, totaled SAR 80 billion (USD 21 billion), reflecting a 16.8% increase compared to the same period in 2023.

This growth aligns with the goals of Vision 2030, which aims to diversify Saudi Arabia’s economy and reduce reliance on oil revenues. Credit rating agency Moody’s recently upgraded Saudi Arabia’s credit rating to AA3 from A1 with a stable outlook, citing the Kingdom’s ongoing economic diversification and the strength of its non-oil private sector. Moody’s projects the non-oil private sector’s GDP to grow by 4–5% annually in the coming years.

According to data from Saudi Arabia’s General Authority for Statistics, non-oil national exports (excluding re-exports) grew by 7.6% in the third quarter of 2024, reaching SAR 57 billion (USD 15.1 billion). Re-exports saw a remarkable surge of 48.4%, amounting to SAR 23 billion (USD 6.1 billion).

In contrast, total merchandise exports dropped by 7.7% to SAR 276 billion (USD 73.5 billion) due to a 14.9% decline in oil exports. As a result, the share of oil exports in total exports decreased from 77.3% in the third quarter of 2023 to 71.3% this year.

Chemical industry products accounted for 25.5% of non-oil exports, growing by 5.3% compared to the same period last year. Plastics, rubber, and their derivatives followed closely, representing 24.9% of non-oil exports, with an 8.9% increase from the third quarter of 2023.

China remained Saudi Arabia’s top export destination, accounting for 15.2% of total exports in the third quarter of 2024. Japan and South Korea followed, at 9.3% and 9.2%, respectively. Other major destinations included India, the UAE, the US, Poland, Egypt, Bahrain, and Taiwan. Together, these ten countries accounted for 66.4% of Saudi exports.

Experts emphasize that the growth in non-oil exports strengthens Saudi Arabia’s economy and reflects the success of its diversification strategy under Vision 2030.

Shura Council member Fadhel Al-Buainain highlighted the importance of considering the scale of Saudi non-oil exports during the third quarter of 2024. He emphasized two key aspects of Saudi non-oil exports.

First, the 16.8% growth achieved is a significant leap that boosts the Saudi economy’s ability to continue strengthening non-oil exports, which are a focal point of Vision 2030 and its economic diversification goals.

Second, he said the 48.4% increase in the value of re-exported goods represents substantial growth, reflecting the Kingdom’s potential to play a pivotal role in regional re-export activities. This, in turn, can stimulate exports and position Saudi Arabia as a global logistics hub.

He further noted that the increase in export value compared to the second quarter of this year, amounting to SAR 37.2 billion (USD 9.92 billion) or 15.6%, indicates sustained and accelerating export growth.

Al-Buainain believes that Saudi Arabia’s ports on the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf are well-equipped to play a central role in re-exporting, supported by free economic zones, robust infrastructure, and a well-established transportation and logistics network.

He also stated that the improvement in global demand, particularly in the petrochemical sector, which accounted for the largest share of exports, contributed to this growth.

However, the global economic conditions may face certain challenges that will reflect negatively on global demand, he remarked, stressing the importance of diversifying exports.

Dr. Osama Al-Obaidi, an international commercial law consultant and professor, told Asharq Al-Awsat that the significant increase in non-oil exports in the third quarter of this year compared to the same period in 2023 is linked to the growth in petrochemical exports, particularly plastics, rubber, and their derivatives.

He explained that this rise reflects the effectiveness of Saudi Arabia’s economic diversification efforts and its reduced reliance on oil as a sole income source, in line with Vision 2030.

It also highlights the success of the substantial investments made by the government to develop ports and logistics services, such as King Abdulaziz Port in Dammam and Jeddah Islamic Port.

Moreover, improvements in domestic, regional, and international airports, along with initiatives to promote local industries—particularly chemicals, food products, pharmaceuticals, and other high-demand goods in foreign markets—have also played a pivotal role.