Assad Meets Putin’s Envoy, Demands End to Turkish ‘Occupation’ 

A handout picture released by the official Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA) shows Syria's President Bashar al-Assad (C-L) receiving Russia's Special Envoy for Syria Alexander Lavrentiev (C-R) and his accompanying delegation in the capital Damascus on January 12, 2023. (SANA / AFP)
A handout picture released by the official Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA) shows Syria's President Bashar al-Assad (C-L) receiving Russia's Special Envoy for Syria Alexander Lavrentiev (C-R) and his accompanying delegation in the capital Damascus on January 12, 2023. (SANA / AFP)
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Assad Meets Putin’s Envoy, Demands End to Turkish ‘Occupation’ 

A handout picture released by the official Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA) shows Syria's President Bashar al-Assad (C-L) receiving Russia's Special Envoy for Syria Alexander Lavrentiev (C-R) and his accompanying delegation in the capital Damascus on January 12, 2023. (SANA / AFP)
A handout picture released by the official Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA) shows Syria's President Bashar al-Assad (C-L) receiving Russia's Special Envoy for Syria Alexander Lavrentiev (C-R) and his accompanying delegation in the capital Damascus on January 12, 2023. (SANA / AFP)

Syrian President Bashar al-Assad has tied reconciliation with Türkiye to its ending of its "occupation" of Syrian territory and "sponsorship of terrorism." 

Assad met with Russian Presidential Special Envoy for Syria, Alexander Lavrentiev in Damascus on Thursday amid reports that a meeting would be held soon between the Syrian and Turkish foreign ministers 

Such a meeting demands coordination and planning between Syria and Russia so that Syria’s desired goals can be reached, said Assad. 

These goals must be based on national state and the people’s principles that are based on ending the Turkish occupation and support for terrorism, he added, according to a Syrian presidency statement. 

Turkish Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu said on Thursday that he could meet his Syrian counterpart Faisal Mikdad early in February, rejecting reports that the two could meet next week. 

Such a meeting would mark the highest-level talks between Ankara and Damascus since the Syrian war began in 2011 and signal a further thaw in ties. 

NATO member Türkiye has played a major part in the conflict, backing Assad's opponents and sending troops into the north. Moscow is Assad's main ally and Russian President Vladimir Putin has urged reconciliation with Ankara. 

Speaking on a live broadcast, Cavusoglu said there was no set date for the meeting but it would held "as soon as possible." 

A senior Turkish official told Reuters on Wednesday a meeting could be scheduled before the middle of next week, but Cavusoglu said it would not happen that soon. 

"We have said before that there were some propositions for a date for next week but that they did not suit us ... It could be at the beginning of February, we are working on a date," he said. 

The Turkish and Syrian defense ministers held landmark talks in Moscow last month to discuss border security and other issues. Last week, Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan said he may meet Assad after a trilateral foreign ministers meeting. 

The conflict in Syria, which has killed hundreds of thousands of people, displaced millions and drawn in regional and world powers, has ground on into a second decade, although fighting has cooled. 

With backing from Russia and Iran, Assad's government has recovered most Syrian territory. Turkish-backed opposition fighters still control a pocket in the northwest, and Kurdish fighters backed by the United States also control territory near the Turkish border. 

Washington does not support countries re-establishing ties with Assad. It has partnered with the Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces, which includes the People’s Protection Units (YPG), in fighting the ISIS group in Syria.  



Sisi Steps Up Criticism of Ethiopia, Rejects ‘Pressure’ on Egypt Over Nile Dam

Egyptian President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi meets with his Ugandan counterpart Yoweri Museveni in Cairo. (Egyptian Presidency)
Egyptian President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi meets with his Ugandan counterpart Yoweri Museveni in Cairo. (Egyptian Presidency)
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Sisi Steps Up Criticism of Ethiopia, Rejects ‘Pressure’ on Egypt Over Nile Dam

Egyptian President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi meets with his Ugandan counterpart Yoweri Museveni in Cairo. (Egyptian Presidency)
Egyptian President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi meets with his Ugandan counterpart Yoweri Museveni in Cairo. (Egyptian Presidency)

Egyptian President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi on Tuesday stepped up his criticism of Ethiopia over the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), built on the Nile’s main tributary, which Cairo fears will threaten its water supply.

He rejected what he described as “unilateral measures” along the Nile Basin, warning: “Anyone who thinks Egypt will turn a blind eye to threats to its water security is mistaken.”

Speaking at a joint press conference in Cairo with visiting Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni, Sisi said the water issue had become “part of a broader campaign of pressure on Egypt to achieve other objectives.”

“We will remain vigilant and will take all measures guaranteed under international law to safeguard our people’s existential resources,” he vowed.

Sisi stressed that Egypt does not oppose development in Nile Basin countries but insisted such projects must not affect the volume of water reaching Egypt. “The best way to deal with the Nile Basin is to respect everyone’s interests,” he said.

Negotiations between Egypt, Ethiopia, and Sudan, under African Union mediation, have been stalled since April 2021, prompting Cairo to appeal to the UN Security Council for pressure on Addis Ababa.

Egypt, which relies on the Nile for 98% of its water, receives an annual quota of 55.5 billion cubic meters. It is already below the global water poverty line, with only 500 cubic meters per person annually, according to the Ministry of Irrigation.

Sisi noted that Egypt and Sudan together receive just 4% of the Nile Basin’s 1,600 billion cubic meters of water, amounting to 85 billion cubic meters.

“This is the only source of life for the two downstream states,” he said, adding that Egypt had never called for “fair water sharing”, which would mean dividing the entire basin’s volume.

Egypt hopes Uganda’s current chairmanship of the Nile Basin Initiative’s consultation mechanism can foster consensus among basin states.

The two leaders inaugurated the Egypt-Uganda Business Forum in Cairo and witnessed the signing of five agreements on water resources, agricultural cooperation and food security, investment, mutual visa exemptions for official passports, and diplomatic cooperation.

The talks come just weeks before Ethiopia plans to inaugurate GERD in September. Former Assistant Foreign Minister for African Affairs Mohamed Hegazy said Cairo is counting on Kampala’s role in dam-related consultations.

Relations between Cairo and Kampala have been warming, with Uganda recently hosting a “2+2” dialogue between the foreign and water ministers of both countries. Sisi said Egypt views Uganda as a key partner in the southern Nile Basin and seeks to make it a primary beneficiary of Egypt’s development support mechanisms.