Iraqis Chow Down on Samoon Bread

Members of staff man the oven at a bakery for Samoon bread in al-Rashid street, in Iraq's capital Baghdad on January 11, 2023. (Photo by Sabah ARAR / AFP)
Members of staff man the oven at a bakery for Samoon bread in al-Rashid street, in Iraq's capital Baghdad on January 11, 2023. (Photo by Sabah ARAR / AFP)
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Iraqis Chow Down on Samoon Bread

Members of staff man the oven at a bakery for Samoon bread in al-Rashid street, in Iraq's capital Baghdad on January 11, 2023. (Photo by Sabah ARAR / AFP)
Members of staff man the oven at a bakery for Samoon bread in al-Rashid street, in Iraq's capital Baghdad on January 11, 2023. (Photo by Sabah ARAR / AFP)

It is ubiquitous in Iraq -- a diamond-shaped bread known as "samoon" which provides an inexpensive companion to almost any meal served up on tables across the country.

Abu Sajjad, a bakery owner in central Baghdad, said he takes a fresh batch out of the oven every 45 seconds.

The small, crunchy loaves can accompany dishes from meat to rice, and can be found on tables in even the most far-flung villages.

Some Iraqis like to eat them on the go after cracking them open and adding fillings like falafel and vegetables. 

Part of their popularity lies in their simplicity -- and affordability.

"I sell eight pieces of samoon for 1,000 dinars ($0.70)," said 43-year-old Abu Sajjad, who has owned the bakery since 2005.

His son Sajjad, who is in his twenties, mixes flour, yeast and water, and sometimes a pinch of salt, then lets a machine knead the dough for 10 minutes, AFP reported.

After letting it rest, he shapes lumps of dough into diamond-shaped loaves that leave his brick oven with a crunchy crust on the outside and steaming hot on the inside.

The bakery sells 10,000 samoon pieces "on a normal day", while on Fridays, the Islamic day of rest, "we can go up to 12,000", Sajjad, the son, said. 

Their busy shop sits on Baghdad's Al-Rashid Street among dilapidated 19th century houses, while a host of restaurants make up their main customers. 

Recent commodity price hikes have seen the cost of flour imported from Turkey increase. 

But Abu Sajjad said he had "lowered the weight of each samoon from 120 to 100 grams" instead of raising prices.

According to author Nawal Nasrallah, the name samoon came from a Turkish term whose roots derive from the Greek word for bread.

While noting possible earlier versions of the loaves, she said "it seems that the diamond shape was developed by the early 20th century Iraqi bakers", writing in her cookbook and history of Iraqi cuisine, "Delights from the Garden of Eden".

With lunchtime fast approaching, Karim, a regular customer at the bakery, was among those stocking up.

"We Iraqis love samoon. We were born with it, we are used to it -- and we like it hot," the 41-year-old said while biting into a freshly baked loaf.



Heatwave Leaves Moroccan Cities Sweltering in Record-breaking Temperatures

People cool off at a beach during a heatwave in Rabat on June 29, 2025. (AFP)
People cool off at a beach during a heatwave in Rabat on June 29, 2025. (AFP)
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Heatwave Leaves Moroccan Cities Sweltering in Record-breaking Temperatures

People cool off at a beach during a heatwave in Rabat on June 29, 2025. (AFP)
People cool off at a beach during a heatwave in Rabat on June 29, 2025. (AFP)

Monthly temperature records have been broken across Morocco, sometimes topping seasonal norms by as much as 20 degrees Celsius, the national meteorological office said Sunday, as the North African kingdom was gripped by a heatwave.

"Our country has experienced, between Friday 27 and Saturday 28 of June, a 'chegui' type heatwave characterized by its intensity and geographical reach," the meteorological office (DGM) said in a report shared with AFP.

The heatwave, which has also struck across the Strait of Gibraltar in southern Europe, has affected numerous regions in Morocco.

According to the DGM, the most significant temperature anomalies have been on the Atlantic plains and interior plateaus.

In the coastal city of Casablanca, the mercury reached 39.5C (103 Fahrenheit), breaching the previous record of 38.6C set in June 2011.

In Larache, 250 kilometers (150 miles) up the coast, a peak temperature of 43.8C was recorded, 0.9C above the previous June high, set in 2017.

And in central Morocco's Ben Guerir, the thermometers hit 46.4C, besting the two-year-old record by 1.1C.

In total, more than 17 regions sweltered under temperatures above 40C, the DGM said, with Atlantic areas bearing the brunt.

"Coastal cities like Essaouira recorded temperatures 10C or 20C above their usual averages" for June, the DGM said.

Inland cities such as Marrakesh, Fez, Meknes and Beni Mellal experienced heat 8C to 15C above the norm, with Tangier in the far north at the bottom end of that scale.

The forecast for the days ahead indicates continuing heat in the interior of Morocco due to a so-called Saharan thermal depression, an intense dome of heat over the desert.