US Stresses Need to Transfer Power in Sudan to Civilians

Sudanese protesters take part in a demonstration in southern Khartoum on April 6, 2023. (AFP)
Sudanese protesters take part in a demonstration in southern Khartoum on April 6, 2023. (AFP)
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US Stresses Need to Transfer Power in Sudan to Civilians

Sudanese protesters take part in a demonstration in southern Khartoum on April 6, 2023. (AFP)
Sudanese protesters take part in a demonstration in southern Khartoum on April 6, 2023. (AFP)

The US on Friday reiterated its support for the ongoing political process in Sudan and expressed its readiness to support consultations with all Sudanese parties to overcome the challenges facing the final political agreement, accelerate its signing, and establish a credible transitional civilian government.

Washington made the announcement following a second delay in signing a political agreement between civilians and the military following a dispute between the military and Rapid Support Forces (RSF).

On Thursday, US Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs Molly Phee held telephone calls with each of Khalid Omer Youssif, the spokesperson for the political process, and Mohamed Hamdan Daglo, also known as Hemedti, the deputy head of the Sovereign Council and commander of the Rapid Support Forces (RSF).

In a tweet, Phee said she underscored to Hemedti “US support for the aspirations of the Sudanese people to move now to transfer power to a civilian-led government.”

In a Facebook post, Hemedti said he assured Phee that the political process was a rare opportunity to restore the course of the revolution and a necessary step to move forward towards a true democratic transition.

In a separate tweet, Phee said she spoke to Youssif to “offer strong US support and advocacy for swift Sudanese action to complete the long journey of restoring the democratic transition.”

Youssif said the US official affirmed her country’s support for the political process, based on the framework agreement signed between the civil forces and the military on December 5.

He added that Phee underlined her administration's readiness to engage positively with all civil and military parties to overcome the remaining challenges to reach a final political agreement as soon as possible.

On March 30, Phee spoke with General Abdul Fattah al-Burhan, the head of the Sovereign Council, to express support for the “Sudanese people’s pressing demand to transfer power to a civilian-led government.”

Joint US-Saudi efforts, which Phee has been a part of since June 2022, succeeded in bringing civilians and military officials together in direct talks, after they came to a halt following an October 2021 military coup.

The US-Saudi efforts led to the formation of the Quartet Mechanism that also includes Britain and the United Arab Emirates.

The signing of the final political agreement between civilians and the military was scheduled for early April. It was the second time in less than a week that the parties failed to meet a deadline to sign it.

The deal aims to restore Sudan’s short-lived transition to democracy, which was halted by the October coup that removed a Western-supported, power-sharing administration.



Half of Yemen’s Population Face Mounting Risks from Climate Change

Al-Garehi Al-Gharbi camp in the Abs district of north-west Yemen. (Norwegian Refugee Council)
Al-Garehi Al-Gharbi camp in the Abs district of north-west Yemen. (Norwegian Refugee Council)
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Half of Yemen’s Population Face Mounting Risks from Climate Change

Al-Garehi Al-Gharbi camp in the Abs district of north-west Yemen. (Norwegian Refugee Council)
Al-Garehi Al-Gharbi camp in the Abs district of north-west Yemen. (Norwegian Refugee Council)

Already suffering from a prolonged conflict as a result of the Houthi coup against the legitimate authority, Yemen is facing mounting risks brought on by climate change, the World Bank warned on Thursday.
Many populations are facing threats from climate change, such as extreme heat, drought, and floods, the WB said in its newly released Yemen Country Climate and Development Report (CCDR).
Stephane Guimbert, World Bank Country Director for Egypt, Yemen and Djibouti said that Yemen is facing an unprecedented convergence of crises — conflict, climate change, and poverty.
He called for immediate and decisive action on climate resilience, a matter of survival for millions of Yemenis.
“By investing in water security, climate-smart agriculture, and renewable energy, Yemen can safeguard human capital, build resilience and lay the foundations for a path to sustainable recovery,” he said.
The WB report said half of Yemenis are already exposed to at least one climate hazard — extreme heat, drought, or flooding — with compounding effects on food insecurity and poverty.
These risks, it showed, are expected to intensify without immediate action and Yemen’s annual GDP could decline by an average of 3.9% by 2040 under pessimistic climate scenarios, largely due to decreased agricultural productivity and infrastructure damage.
Navigating Challenges
Despite these challenges, the CCDR identifies strategic opportunities to strengthen resilience, improve food and water security, and unlock sustainable growth, the WB report noted.
For example, it said, targeted investments in water storage and groundwater management, coupled with adaptive agriculture techniques could lead to productivity gains of up to 13.5% in crop production under optimistic climate scenarios for the period of 2041 to 2050.
The report also spoke about risks to the fisheries sector, considered as a critical source of livelihood for many Yemenis.
Its projections indicate a potential decline of up to 23% in fish stocks due to rising sea temperatures and altered marine ecosystems.

The WB report also said that climate change exacerbates existing health challenges in Yemen, leading to increased healthcare costs and strain on already fragile health systems.
“It is projected that climate-related health issues could cost the country over $5 billion in excess health costs by 2050,” it noted.
“Addressing these challenges requires integrating climate resilience into public health planning, with a focus on vulnerable groups such as women and children.”
Concerning infrastructure, the report said urban areas and critical infrastructure are especially vulnerable, and without adaptation measures, economic shocks will disproportionately affect already fragile communities.
As for the private sector, it has a critical role to play in addressing Yemen’s pressing development challenges, said Khawaja Aftab Ahmed, IFC’s Regional Director for the Middle East.
“Harnessing its potential through innovative financing mechanisms and guarantee instruments and creating a conducive investment climate can help mobilize the climate-focused funding the country urgently needs to build a greener and more resilient future,” he said.
The WB report also said that Yemen also has immense potential for renewable energy, which could serve as a key component of its climate response and recovery.
It showed that harnessing renewable energy resources not only offers a pathway to reduce reliance on fossil fuels but also enables the creation of a more resilient power infrastructure.
“This will be essential in supporting vital services such as healthcare, water supply, and food distribution, particularly in conflict-affected areas,” it said.
Global Coordination
The World Bank highlighted the significant commitments and coordination from the international community to support Yemen in coping with climate shocks and building broader resilience.
It said securing sustainable peace will be required to unlock the financing and take the action needed to build long-term resilience to climate change.
The CCDR then underscored the importance of flexible, risk-informed decision-making to adapt climate actions to Yemen's uncertain political landscape.
Under a “Peace and Prosperity” scenario, it said, a higher level of adaptation can be implemented, yielding greater economic and social benefits.
Yemeni Minister of Water and Environment, Tawfiq Al-Sharjabi, stressed the importance of integrating climate action into development strategies and adapting to climate fluctuations.
The minister was speaking at a special session to discuss the WB report on the sidelines of the 29th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP29) held in Baku, Azerbaijan.
He said the report represents a significant contribution for Yemen in addressing climate change and will facilitate access to various climate financing options amid the structural and technical fragility faced by institutions due to the war.
The report, Al-Sharjabi added, aligns closely with Yemen's urgent priorities, particularly in the areas of water and food security, enhancing livelihoods, and promoting area-based climate adaptation approaches.