Witness Tells Asharq Al-Awsat about Meeting Saddam Twice during US Occupation

Saddam Hussein firing his gun in the air from a balcony in Baghdad on December 31, 2000 (Getty Images)
Saddam Hussein firing his gun in the air from a balcony in Baghdad on December 31, 2000 (Getty Images)
TT

Witness Tells Asharq Al-Awsat about Meeting Saddam Twice during US Occupation

Saddam Hussein firing his gun in the air from a balcony in Baghdad on December 31, 2000 (Getty Images)
Saddam Hussein firing his gun in the air from a balcony in Baghdad on December 31, 2000 (Getty Images)

A retired Iraqi, who had a working relationship and friendship with former President Saddam Hussein, revealed on the anniversary of the 2003 battle of Baghdad that he met with him twice after the Iraqi capital was captured.

Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat, the retired Iraqi disclosed that he had two meetings with Saddam: the first was in Fallujah on April 11, just two days after the US capture of Baghdad, and the second meeting was in the Iraqi capital on July 19, four months after the city had fallen.

He confirmed that Saddam was traveling to enhance resistance operations against the US occupation.

The retiree, who requested anonymity for security reasons, claimed that Saddam was near Firdous Square in Baghdad on the day an American tank toppled his statue.

He went on to say that Saddam led the first resistance operation from a nearby location that night, targeting US positions around the Abu Hanifa al-Numan Mosque in Baghdad’s Azamiya neighborhood.

The attack involved young members of the Arab Socialist Baath Party, Fedayeen Saddam, and fighters from various Arab nationalities. It also resulted in several casualties.

As the battle intensified, Saddam’s aides were surprised to see him attempting to approach the fight scene with an RPG launcher. His entourage surrounded and prevented him from charging into the thick of the fray.

“We want you to continue leading us,” they told him. At that moment, some concluded that Saddam had a desire to be martyred that night.”

The battle continued until dawn on April 10.

Saddam then headed to Heet, where he spent the night at the house of a Baath Party member before leaving to the outskirts of Fallujah the next day.

“On April 11, the president’s entourage summoned five people, including myself, for a meeting,” the source said.

“The meeting was held at a place adjacent to a gas station on the outskirts of Fallujah, and attended with Saddam were his son Qusay and a number of security and party officials, but his personal secretary, Lt. Gen. Abid Mahmud, was not present,” they added.

Saddam was dressed in casual clothing and appeared calm and composed. He inquired about the situation inside Fallujah and the presence of US troops in Anbar.

When told that US soldiers had entered houses in Fallujah, Saddam responded firmly and said: “Drive them out.” This was seen as an order to begin operations.

“We must be patient. The battle is long. It is our duty to drain the enemy and open fronts everywhere to ensure their instability in Iraq. Set ambushes for them on the main roads, and they must know that Iraq is a tough nut to crack, let this be a lesson to them,” said Saddam according to the source.

During the meeting, an attendee mentioned that some Shiite fighters had begun targeting the Fedayeen who had come to fight against the US.

Saddam Hussein quickly interrupted, clarifying that the Shiites were fellow Iraqis and that such actions could not be attributed to them as a group.

“After giving further instructions, Saddam left the meeting for security reasons,” recalled the source.

Before noon the following day, Saddam met with accountants from the Presidential Diwan on the outskirts of the Dora area in southern Baghdad and received from them a sum of money to support the resistance.

Saddam insisted on signing a paper proving that he owed a sum of $1.25 million. On the paper, the reason for the loan was cited as a fund to sustain resistance operations against the US occupation.

On July 18, the retiree, located in Baghdad at the time, was approached by a young man who gave them a rendezvous at a secret location in Azamiya after the dawn prayer.

The following day, the source found themselves in the presence of Saddam and four new companions.

Saddam was dressed in a traditional robe and carried a pistol.

He expressed his sadness and disappointment that “some provinces in Iraq have accepted not to resist the occupation after promising to do so.”

“How can some people accept being subservient to the occupiers?” wondered Saddam.

“We must read our people well,” he added.

“This responsibility falls on the religious leaders, tribal sheikhs, and authorities who had previously sent and promised to issue a strong fatwa against the occupation as soon as its forces crossed the Kuwait-Iraq border,” he said at the secret meeting, according to the source.

Saddam then reminded of how Iraqis as whole were united during the war against Iran.

“Iraq is the last line of defense, and if it falls, some Arab countries will be directly occupied, and others will suffer indirect occupation,” explained Saddam.

“If Iraq falls, all the doors will be opened to Iran, and its influence will spread as far as Morocco,” he warned.

Furthermore, Saddam criticized the Arab stance and expressed his disappointment with Syria’s position.

“I received a promise from Bashar al-Assad that Syria would stand with Iraq as soon as the first shot was fired. But he changed his mind.”

“Many will pay the price for leaving Iraq to fall,” forewarned Saddam.

The story began on April 6, 2003, at 10:30 p.m. in Baghdad when a small group of US tanks arrived at the Republican Palace and the Rashid Hotel.

The phone of Gen. Tahir Jalil Habbush, director of intelligence at the time, rang, and on the other end was Lt. Gen. Mahmud, Saddam’s secretary.

Though relations between the two sides were strained, Lt. Gen. Mahmud was the sole conduit for receiving orders from Saddam and delivering messages to him.

What Lt. Gen. Mahmud said next was explosive.

He instructed the director of intelligence to scout the Baghdad-Salahuddin and Baghdad-Diyala roads, to determine which one was safer to exit Baghdad in case of emergencies.

“Do you think I lead a military corps to be able to secure these two roads?” Gen. Habbush replied.

Lt. Gen. Mahmud then retorted with a veiled threat and hung up the phone.

The request seemed strange to Gen. Habbush as he discussed it with his office director at the alternate headquarters of the intelligence agency.

They both concluded that Saddam would be leaving Baghdad to lead the military operation against the invasion from outside the city.

After receiving orders from Saddam, Gen. Habbush was left with no option but to carry them out no matter the difficulties or risks. The consequences of any failure to fulfill his duty were well known, and the director of intelligence did not need to be reminded of the price of angering Saddam.

Gen. Habbush decided to personally conduct reconnaissance and set out at night to the town of Tarmiyah, where he found the road to be safe. Communications had been cut in Baghdad, so he asked his companion, Col. Mahmoud, to return to the capital and use his office phone to inform Lt. Gen. Mahmud that the road to Diyala was open and safe, and that he would personally return within hours.

During his attempt to scout the other road, Gen. Habbush spotted convoys of cars, and it became clear that US planes had dropped bombs on the road, making it extremely dangerous to continue towards Baghdad.

At midnight, Gen.Habbush made his decision: he would not return to Baghdad since Saddam was leaving it.

He closed his phone and decided to join the resistance.

Gen. Habbush joined the resistance and Saddam later faced his well-known fate.



Israel Says It ‘Will Enforce’ Ban on 37 NGOs in Gaza

The sun sets behind the ruins of destroyed buildings in the Nuseirat refugee camp in the central Gaza Strip on December 31, 2025. (AFP)
The sun sets behind the ruins of destroyed buildings in the Nuseirat refugee camp in the central Gaza Strip on December 31, 2025. (AFP)
TT

Israel Says It ‘Will Enforce’ Ban on 37 NGOs in Gaza

The sun sets behind the ruins of destroyed buildings in the Nuseirat refugee camp in the central Gaza Strip on December 31, 2025. (AFP)
The sun sets behind the ruins of destroyed buildings in the Nuseirat refugee camp in the central Gaza Strip on December 31, 2025. (AFP)

Israel said on Thursday that 37 international NGOs operating in Gaza had not complied with a deadline to meet "security and transparency standards," in particular disclosing information on their Palestinian staff, and that it "will enforce" a ban on their activities.

"Organizations that have failed to meet required security and transparency standards will have their licenses suspended," said spokesman for the Ministry of Diaspora Affairs and Combating Antisemitism, Gilad Zwick.

In March, Israel gave a ten-month deadline to NGOs to comply with the new rules, which expired on Wednesday night.

The UN has warned that the ban will exacerbate the humanitarian situation in Gaza.


Syria’s Interior Minister Warns Remnants of Former Regime

FILE PHOTO: Members of the Syrian Security forces stand guard near military vehicles on the day people protest in Latakia, Syria, December 28, 2025. REUTERS/Karam al-Masri/File Photo
FILE PHOTO: Members of the Syrian Security forces stand guard near military vehicles on the day people protest in Latakia, Syria, December 28, 2025. REUTERS/Karam al-Masri/File Photo
TT

Syria’s Interior Minister Warns Remnants of Former Regime

FILE PHOTO: Members of the Syrian Security forces stand guard near military vehicles on the day people protest in Latakia, Syria, December 28, 2025. REUTERS/Karam al-Masri/File Photo
FILE PHOTO: Members of the Syrian Security forces stand guard near military vehicles on the day people protest in Latakia, Syria, December 28, 2025. REUTERS/Karam al-Masri/File Photo

Syrian Interior Minister Anas Khattab has warned the remnants of the former regime against efforts to lead chaos, killing, and destruction as his ministry announced the arrest of several people in Latakia and Tartus for involvement in war crimes and instigations that threaten civil peace.

Khattab stressed on Wednesday that the state is the sole guarantor for all citizens, ensuring their security, preserving their dignity, and safeguarding their rights.

The minister said in a statement on X that since the early days following Syria’s liberation, the ministry has positioned itself as a central force in restoring order and safety across the country.

This effort has been carried out in coordination with other government agencies and local communities to confront a wide range of security challenges.

Khattab stressed that the ministry’s new approach to policing prioritizes public safety over intimidation. “Our goal is to protect citizens, not to frighten them,” he said, adding that a formal code of conduct has been introduced to ensure law enforcement operates within clear legal and ethical boundaries.

Despite these reforms, remnants of the deposed regime who have aligned themselves with wanted criminals have misinterpreted the ministry’s ethical approach as weakness. “We will protect the oppressed and hold accountable anyone who threatens our country’s security,” he said.

The minister warned the remnants of the defunct regime and their criminal gangs, who insist on continuing the path of chaos, killing, and destruction to “await their inevitable fate.”

“Let this message serve as a final warning to them to cease their actions,” he added.

Meanwhile, the ministry said on its Telegram channel that several people were arrested in operations in Latakia and Tartus after external calls by instigators have led to sectarian chaos and left many people dead and injured.

“The operation came in response to external inciting calls of a sectarian nature, which led to a state of chaos, the death of a number of people, the injury of others, and assaults on public and private property,” it said, noting that “operations are ongoing against these corrupt individuals.”

The ministry said in its statement that it has played an active role in restoring the social fabric and strengthening civil peace. However, “some parties have sought to exploit this stage to spread chaos, undermine security, and threaten stability.”


This Is Our Story, Mohammed

The late Mohammed al-Shafei in his office. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
The late Mohammed al-Shafei in his office. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
TT

This Is Our Story, Mohammed

The late Mohammed al-Shafei in his office. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
The late Mohammed al-Shafei in his office. (Asharq Al-Awsat)

This is our story, Mohammed. We fell in the trap early. We were lured by the beautiful, but deceitful, ink. We chose a thorny profession. We chose a long tunnel. No breaks and no truces. It is the hot pursuit of the news that takes up most of our lives. The reader is insatiable. The journalist pursues stories for so long, until they become the story. A story in their own newspaper. A story about a death. A story about farewell.

We were preparing to say farewell to the year, not say farewell to you. You took part in our meeting on Tuesday. You always made it to our daily meetings. You always brought your experience with you, your kind way of speaking. It was as if you were trying to tell us a message. The old warrior never retires. He would rather fall in the ring. Hours after the meeting, we received the painful news. Your heart betrayed you, as it is likely to do.

The nature of our profession had it so this calm man would occupy himself with thorny files and tough men. Afghanistan took up his interests. He used to travel there when it was teeming with al-Mujahideen. He would return from those arduous journeys with news, investigations and interviews. Even as old age took its toll, Mohammed al-Shafei never abandoned his passion. News intrigued him.

He joined Asharq Al-Awsat nearly four decades ago. He loved the Asharq Al-Awsat family and it loved him back. As in all love stories, he never hesitated, never backed down and was never withholding. I say Asharq Al-Awsat family, while it is a garden of news and headlines, investigations and articles. The family is composed of various nationalities and experiences. They are united under one roof and one passion. He was proud of being part of a trusted newspaper that has preserved its spirit over the years.

How difficult it is to face death. For it to take away a dear son and a valued teacher. How difficult the loss will be. We were used to arguing with you, asking you questions and learning from you. How difficult it will be to pass by your empty office. How difficult it will be to not see you at our meetings.

This is our story, Mohammed. We live between the lines and die between the lines. We will finally rest in the archives of the newspaper. The warmth of our colleagues. Asharq Al-Awsat, with its diversity and generations, embraces everyone who was a part of the family and enriched the experience of its readers. Your heart betrayed you, as it is likely to do, but friendships know no betrayals.