Romanian Energy Minister: Saudi Arabia Expedites Global Energy Industry Ambitions

Romanian Energy Minister Virgil Popescu, Asharq Al-Awsat
Romanian Energy Minister Virgil Popescu, Asharq Al-Awsat
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Romanian Energy Minister: Saudi Arabia Expedites Global Energy Industry Ambitions

Romanian Energy Minister Virgil Popescu, Asharq Al-Awsat
Romanian Energy Minister Virgil Popescu, Asharq Al-Awsat

Romanian Energy Minister Virgil Daniel Popescu revealed plans for launching a gas pipeline from Azerbaijan through the Caspian Sea region, using the link between Romania and Hungary to the Central European markets.

This comes at a time the world and Europe face uncertainty regarding the supply of Russian oil and gas amid the Ukraine crisis.

Popescu also affirmed that Saudi Arabia supplies the world with energy and ensures the stability of markets. He also said the Kingdom looks to protect the world from the repercussions of climate disasters and carbon emissions through its green initiatives.

“The Kingdom has decided to adopt a clean strategy, which brings me hope that the phenomenon of climate crises is a race we can win,” Popescu told Asharq Al-Awsat.

“Climate change is the defining crisis of our time, and it is happening more quickly than we feared. This global threat must be confronted by adopting clean energy and zero-carbon strategies, and Saudi Arabia is taking concrete measures to combat the climate crisis,” he added.

Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat on the sidelines of his visit to Riyadh, Popescu said he is exploring new channels of economic and commercial cooperation with Saudi Arabia.

The minister pointed to Saudi Arabia’s pivotal role in maintaining the global economy and its expanding energy ambitions in terms of securing gas and oil supplies.

He recalled the Kingdom’s regional and global initiatives for building circular carbon economies and fighting climate change. Apart from launching mega green initiatives at home, Saudi Arabia actively participates in international discussions on energy security and offers a helping hand to developing countries.

“The Saudi Green Initiative will contribute to raising global ambitions, as well as demonstrating the Kingdom’s commitment to both combating climate change and protecting the environment,” said Popescu.

“The energy sector is in the process of transition to a carbon-neutral and sustainable long-term economy,” noted the minister, adding that “no region in the world is immune from the devastating consequences of climate change.”

It is noteworthy that Popescu is in Riyadh to participate in the 12th IEA IEF OPEC Symposium on Energy Outlooks.

Assessing Saudi-Romanian cooperation, Popescu confirmed that his country intends to open new paths for enhancing cooperation and exploring ways to collaborate in the energy sector.

This comes to meet the challenges of rising gas prices, address potential interruptions in gas supplies and enhance energy security.

Saudi Arabia is the largest oil producer and exporter in the world, highlighted Popescu, adding that the Kingdom possesses large reserves of natural gas as well.

Its large reserves of natural gas complement renewable resources, providing support and flexibility in the process of green transformation.

Popescu considered Saudi Arabia’s economy as a very attractive destination for investors given its local potential and important investment programs.

The minister pointed to Saudi-Romanian cooperation extending through the Gulf Cooperation Council.

In March 2011, Bucharest and gulf countries signed their first economic cooperation initiative at a joint forum.

Popescu said that over 250 years of combined experience in oil and gas manufacturing give Romania the right means to cooperate with Gulf countries in several fields.

As the world’s largest oil producer, Saudi Arabia plays a different role in the global energy industry, said Popescu, adding that the Kingdom’s policies for producing and exporting oil, gas and petroleum products greatly influence the global energy market and economy.

On his outlook for oil production and pricing, and the challenges facing the sector in 2022, Popescu said that Romania has welcomed the European Commission’s publication of the document for tackling high energy prices with a toolkit for action.

“Romania has put in place a legal framework to protect vulnerable consumers, as well as a mechanism with compensatory measures for families, small enterprises, SMEs, and hospitals, as well as economic challenges for families and businesses,” noted the minister.



Saudi Arabia Closes 2025 with Historic Industrial Reform, Global Digital Leadership, Record-Breaking Economic Activity

As 2025 draws to a close, Saudi Arabia records a year defined not merely by statistical growth, but by structural transformation across every major sector. (SPA)
As 2025 draws to a close, Saudi Arabia records a year defined not merely by statistical growth, but by structural transformation across every major sector. (SPA)
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Saudi Arabia Closes 2025 with Historic Industrial Reform, Global Digital Leadership, Record-Breaking Economic Activity

As 2025 draws to a close, Saudi Arabia records a year defined not merely by statistical growth, but by structural transformation across every major sector. (SPA)
As 2025 draws to a close, Saudi Arabia records a year defined not merely by statistical growth, but by structural transformation across every major sector. (SPA)

The second half of December marked a transformative conclusion to the year for Saudi Arabia, defined by a major policy shift to empower the industrial sector, world-class recognition in digital governance, and unprecedented levels of commercial and religious tourism activity.

Industrial empowerment and economic surge

In a decisive move to boost the competitiveness of the national industry, the Cabinet approved the cancellation of the expat levy for licensed industrial establishments. This decision builds on six years of exemptions that have already driven a 56% increase in industrial GDP to over SAR501 billion and a 74% rise in industrial employment.

Global leadership in tech and health

The Kingdom’s digital transformation strategy achieved a major milestone, ranking second globally in the World Bank’s GovTech Maturity Index with a score of 99.64%, placing it in the "very advanced" category.

In healthcare, the King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (KFSHRC) was ranked first in the Middle East for oncology and orthopedics and successfully pioneered a novel 3D-printing technique to treat inner ear disorders.

The period by numbers:

SAR30.7 billion: The record value of e-commerce sales in October 2025, marking a 68% annual increase.

68.7 million: The total number of worshippers and visitors received at the two holy mosques during the month of Jumada Al-Akhira.

8 million: The number of visitors to Riyadh Season 2025 since its launch in October.

32.3%: The year-on-year growth in non-oil exports for October 2025.

11.9 million: The number of Umrah performances completed in the month of Jumada Al-Akhira.

95 tons: The quantity of seasonal seeds stored by the Kingdom, setting a new Guinness World Record.

26: The number of awards won by Saudi students at the World Artificial Intelligence Competition for Youth (WAICY), taking 1st place globally.

$160 million: The total value of development loans signed with Mauritania for water and electricity projects.

158,000 tons: The volume of citrus production in the Kingdom as the new season launches.
.9%: The annual inflation rate in Saudi Arabia for November 2025.

12,000+: The number of industrial facilities now operating in the Kingdom, up from 8,822 in 2019.

2: The number of new Dark Sky Reserves accredited in AlUla (Sharaan and Wadi Nakhlah).

As 2025 draws to a close, Saudi Arabia records a year defined not merely by statistical growth, but by structural transformation across every major sector. From welcoming record numbers of tourists and pilgrims to securing top global rankings in digital governance and industrial competitiveness, the Kingdom has effectively translated strategic planning into tangible reality.

These milestones, spanning economic diversification, technological leadership, and international diplomacy, serve as cumulative evidence of a maturing ecosystem.

With every regulatory reform implemented and every global partnership secured this year, Saudi Arabia has done more than catalogue achievements; it has systematically narrowed the distance to its ultimate goals, moving one decisive year closer to the complete realization of Vision 2030.


China’s Factory Activity Snaps Record Slump on Festive Stockpiling

People walk down steps near a residential building area with a view of China Zun, the tallest skyscraper in Beijing, Tuesday, Dec. 23, 2025. (AP)
People walk down steps near a residential building area with a view of China Zun, the tallest skyscraper in Beijing, Tuesday, Dec. 23, 2025. (AP)
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China’s Factory Activity Snaps Record Slump on Festive Stockpiling

People walk down steps near a residential building area with a view of China Zun, the tallest skyscraper in Beijing, Tuesday, Dec. 23, 2025. (AP)
People walk down steps near a residential building area with a view of China Zun, the tallest skyscraper in Beijing, Tuesday, Dec. 23, 2025. (AP)

China's factory activity unexpectedly grew in December, snapping a record eight straight months of decline, lifted by a rise in pre-holiday orders ​as officials seek to spur the $19 trillion economy's manufacturing sector without worsening deflation.

The official purchasing managers' index (PMI) rose to 50.1 in December from 49.2 in November, the National Bureau of Statistics' survey showed on Wednesday, topping the 50-point mark separating growth from contraction and beating a forecast of 49.2 in a Reuters poll.

"Assuming the improvement in the PMIs is borne out in the hard data, we think it will likely be a short-lived upturn in activity on the back of month-to-month swings in fiscal spending rather than the start of a more sustained pick-up," said Julian Evans-Pritchard, head of China economics at Capital Economics.

"The big picture is that the structural headwinds from the property ‌downturn and industrial ‌overcapacity are set to persist in 2026," he added.

Still, the data should ‌give ⁠policymakers ​cause for ‌optimism after choosing to see out 2025 without major additional stimulus to meet the full-year growth target of around 5%.

The production sub-index jumped to 51.7 from 50.0 in November, while new orders climbed to 50.8 from 49.2, marking their strongest performance since March. Supplier delivery times also improved, pushing the production and activity expectations component to 55.5, its highest reading since March 2024.

New export orders remained sluggish, however, edging up to 49.0 from November's 47.6, underscoring the need for officials to boost domestic demand and rely less on US demand, the world's top consumer market, in the face of President Donald Trump's ⁠tariffs.

Huo Lihui, an NBS statistician, said confidence appeared to be improving due to pre-holiday stockpiling, as the world's second-largest economy prepares to celebrate the Lunar ‌New Year in February, pointing to an uptick in the agricultural, food processing ‍and food and beverage sectors.

A separate private-sector PMI ‍published on Wednesday also showed marginal expansion in activity in December, driven by stronger production and domestic demand ‍in the absence of more foreign orders.

DEPRESSED DOMESTIC DEMAND

Ginning up domestic manufacturing without taking further steps to boost consumer demand risks worsening deflationary pressures, however.

In separate data released last week, Chinese industrial firms saw their profits fall 13.1% year-on-year in November, the steepest drop in over a year, suggesting households are not stepping in to pick up the shortfall as a slowing global economy weighs ​on exports.

At an agenda-setting gathering in early December, the ruling Communist Party leadership promised to boost income and stimulate consumption, although similar pledges in the past have struggled to deliver results.

Chinese consumers ⁠have so far been reluctant to spend, held back by an uncertain employment outlook and as a prolonged property crisis drains household wealth.

The official non-manufacturing PMI, which includes services and construction, was at 50.2, after shrinking in November for the first time in nearly three years.

Beijing's policymakers have come to recognize the need to rebalance the economy and transform its production-driven model as tensions with key export markets mount.

"The country's economic development still faces many old problems and new challenges; the impact of changes in the external environment is deepening, and the contradiction between strong supply and weak demand is prominent domestically," the readout of the Central Economic Work Conference said.

In an article published by the flagship party magazine Qiushi Journal in mid-December, President Xi Jinping said there was "overall capacity excess" and that "ultimately consumption is the sustainable driver of economic growth."

Beijing had previously rejected "overcapacity" as unfair criticism by Western governments towards China's industrial policies.

In a nod to those concerns, authorities ‌have this year vowed to crack down on price wars, prune production in some sectors and step up so-called "anti-involution" efforts.

The NBS composite PMI of manufacturing and non-manufacturing was 50.7 in December, compared with November's 49.7.


Xi Says China to Hit 2025 Growth Target of 'Around 5%'

Pedestrians walk along a street in the Central Business District of Beijing, China, 31 December, 2025. (EPA)
Pedestrians walk along a street in the Central Business District of Beijing, China, 31 December, 2025. (EPA)
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Xi Says China to Hit 2025 Growth Target of 'Around 5%'

Pedestrians walk along a street in the Central Business District of Beijing, China, 31 December, 2025. (EPA)
Pedestrians walk along a street in the Central Business District of Beijing, China, 31 December, 2025. (EPA)

Chinese President Xi Jinping said Wednesday that the country's economy is expected to have grown "around five percent" in 2025, despite "pressure" during a year he described as "very unusual", state media said.

The announcement came in a New Year's Eve speech by Xi to a top political consultative body, reported by state news agency Xinhua.

Such an annual expansion would be in line with the official government target and on par with the five percent growth recorded in 2024.

The world's second-largest economy has come under increasing pressure in recent years, with consumer sentiment having so far failed to recover from a pandemic-induced plunge.

A persistent debt crisis in the property sector, industrial overcapacity and heightened trade conflict with Washington have also darkened the outlook.

"We faced challenges head-on and strived diligently, successfully achieving the main goals of economic and social development," Xi said in his remarks to the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Xinhua reported.

"The growth rate is expected to reach around five percent," he said.

He added that "overall social stability was maintained" and an anti-corruption drive was "relentlessly pursued", according to the report.

Experts widely expect Beijing to announce a similar economic growth target for 2026 at a major annual political gathering in early March.

Data released Wednesday offered a positive sign for policymakers, with factory activity in December inching into expansionary territory to snap an eight-month streak of contraction.