Riyadh, Vienna Eye More Cooperation, Promoting Environmental, Water Protection

Austrian Minister for Digital and Economic Affairs Margarete Schramböck. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
Austrian Minister for Digital and Economic Affairs Margarete Schramböck. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
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Riyadh, Vienna Eye More Cooperation, Promoting Environmental, Water Protection

Austrian Minister for Digital and Economic Affairs Margarete Schramböck. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
Austrian Minister for Digital and Economic Affairs Margarete Schramböck. (Asharq Al-Awsat)

Austrian Minister for Digital and Economic Affairs Margarete Schramböck clearly admitted that the current Russian-Ukrainian war has exposed Europe’s urgent need for a roadmap that accommodates economic diversification, especially in the energy sector, to secure its demands.

This need made her visit to Saudi Arabia vital to finding the best way to enhance cooperation between Austria and the Kingdom and achieve what she is looking for in these geopolitical and geospatial conditions.

Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat, Schramböck said there should be new partnerships and cooperation in the energy sector, noting that Austria is looking to become climate neutral by 2040.

Therefore, her visit to Saudi Arabia is an opportunity to exchange views with Saudi ministers on potential areas of cooperation in the energy sector.

Schramböck revealed that new agreements to boost cooperation and the signing of a memorandum of understanding in the field of environment and water protection are currently under study, noting that this would pave the way for Austrian companies to engage in Saudi Arabia.

As for Saudi-Austrian relations, she confirmed that the Kingdom enjoys an attractive commercial location for Austrian companies, indicating that Riyadh will witness the holding of the eighth session of the Saudi-Austrian Joint Committee, where a huge trade delegation will make contacts with Saudi companies within the framework of a Saudi-Austrian economic forum to deepen existing ties between the two countries. .

According to Schramböck, Austria’s great economic interest in the Saudi market is evident through its 40-member commercial delegation. She pointed out that the delegation is the largest trade mission in the long-term Saudi-Austrian partnership.

She stressed that Saudi Arabia, which has the largest economy in the region, offers excellent opportunities for Austrian companies in many countries over the coming years.

Cooperation fields

“We are looking for new partnerships and cooperation in the tourism sector, which tourism experts plan to pursue this fall... We would also like to intensify cooperation in the energy sector,” Schramböck told Asharq Al-Awsat.

“We look forward to Austria becoming climate neutral by 2040 and a leading country in climate protection by switching to renewable energy as much as possible,” she added.

The minister said she believes there is evidence of the need for new partnerships and cooperation in the energy sector, explaining that investing in green technology makes sense for the environment and the economy as a whole.

Schramböck noted that sustainable hydrogen would be a game-changer in achieving climate neutrality.

“In Athens, we are committed to producing green hydrogen in the long term. However, we will not meet the industry’s demand by ourselves. Cooperation in the hydrogen sector may be mutually beneficial,” she said.

Austrian investments

On the level of joint investments, Schramböck explained that in 2020, Austrian investments in the Kingdom amounted to about 54 million euros, while direct Saudi investments in Austria amounted to about 246 million euros.

According to the minister, the volume of trade exchange of goods and services in 2020 amounted to about 496 million euros. It dropped to about 342 million euros in 2021.

Russian crisis

Regarding geopolitical circumstances related to the Russian-Ukrainian crisis, Schramböck made it clear that her country fully supports Ukraine’s sovereignty and territorial integrity. She voiced the Austrian government’s solidarity with Kyiv and the Ukrainian people, stressing that it condemns Russia’s unjustified military aggression.

Schramböck believes that tightening the European Union’s sanctions against Russia and Belarus is necessary, stressing that her country fully supports them.

Economic losses

The minister went on to say that the Russian-Ukrainian crisis is directly affecting Austrian companies in their trade relations with Russia and Ukraine. There are currently about 650 Austrian companies with local branches in Russia and 200 in Ukraine.

Moreover, about 35,000 to 40,000 jobs are secured in Austria through trade with Russia.

Schramböck stressed that the increase in energy prices would continue.

The hike in prices can already be observed now, she remarked.

She noted that this would affect Austrian households and companies. Nevertheless, she emphasized that the European Union would stand united behind the measures that have been identified, even if they lead to high energy prices and supply chain issues.



IMF and Arab Monetary Fund Sign MoU to Enhance Cooperation

The MoU was signed by IMF Managing Director Dr. Kristalina Georgieva and AMF Director General Dr. Fahad Alturki - SPA
The MoU was signed by IMF Managing Director Dr. Kristalina Georgieva and AMF Director General Dr. Fahad Alturki - SPA
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IMF and Arab Monetary Fund Sign MoU to Enhance Cooperation

The MoU was signed by IMF Managing Director Dr. Kristalina Georgieva and AMF Director General Dr. Fahad Alturki - SPA
The MoU was signed by IMF Managing Director Dr. Kristalina Georgieva and AMF Director General Dr. Fahad Alturki - SPA

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Arab Monetary Fund (AMF) signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) on the sidelines of the AlUla Conference on Emerging Market Economies (EME) to enhance cooperation between the two institutions.

The MoU was signed by IMF Managing Director Dr. Kristalina Georgieva and AMF Director General Dr. Fahad Alturki, SPA reported.

The agreement aims to strengthen coordination in economic and financial policy areas, including surveillance and lending activities, data and analytical exchange, capacity building, and the provision of technical assistance, in support of regional financial and economic stability.

Both sides affirmed that the MoU represents an important step toward deepening their strategic partnership and strengthening the regional financial safety net, serving member countries and enhancing their ability to address economic challenges.


Saudi Chambers Federation Announces First Saudi-Kuwaiti Business Council

File photo of the Saudi flag/AAWSAT
File photo of the Saudi flag/AAWSAT
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Saudi Chambers Federation Announces First Saudi-Kuwaiti Business Council

File photo of the Saudi flag/AAWSAT
File photo of the Saudi flag/AAWSAT

The Federation of Saudi Chambers announced the formation of the first joint Saudi-Kuwaiti Business Council for its inaugural term (1447–1451 AH) and the election of Salman bin Hassan Al-Oqayel as its chairman.

Al-Oqayel said the council’s formation marks a pivotal milestone in economic relations between Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, reflecting a practical approach to enabling the business sectors in both countries to capitalize on promising investment opportunities and strengthen bilateral trade and investment partnerships, SPA reported.

He noted that trade between Saudi Arabia and Kuwait reached approximately SAR9.5 billion by the end of November 2025, including SAR8 billion in Saudi exports and SAR1.5 billion in Kuwaiti imports.


Leading Harvard Trade Economist Says Saudi Arabia Holds Key to Success in Fragmented Global Economy

Professor Pol Antràs speaks during a panel discussion at the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies (Asharq Al-Awsat).
Professor Pol Antràs speaks during a panel discussion at the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies (Asharq Al-Awsat).
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Leading Harvard Trade Economist Says Saudi Arabia Holds Key to Success in Fragmented Global Economy

Professor Pol Antràs speaks during a panel discussion at the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies (Asharq Al-Awsat).
Professor Pol Antràs speaks during a panel discussion at the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies (Asharq Al-Awsat).

Harvard University economics professor Pol Antràs said Saudi Arabia represents an exceptional model in the shifting global trade landscape, differing fundamentally from traditional emerging-market frameworks. He also stressed that globalization has not ended but has instead re-formed into what he describes as fragmented integration.

Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat on the sidelines of the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies, Antràs said Saudi Arabia’s Vision-driven structural reforms position the Kingdom to benefit from the ongoing phase of fragmented integration, adding that the country’s strategic focus on logistics transformation and artificial intelligence constitutes a key engine for sustainable growth that extends beyond the volatility of global crises.

Antràs, the Robert G. Ory Professor of Economics at Harvard University, is one of the leading contemporary theorists of international trade. His research, which reshaped understanding of global value chains, focuses on how firms organize cross-border production and how regulation and technological change influence global trade flows and corporate decision-making.

He said conventional classifications of economies often obscure important structural differences, noting that the term emerging markets groups together countries with widely divergent industrial bases. Economies that depend heavily on manufacturing exports rely critically on market access and trade integration and therefore face stronger competitive pressures from Chinese exports that are increasingly shifting toward alternative markets.

Saudi Arabia, by contrast, exports extensively while facing limited direct competition from China in its primary export commodity, a situation that creates a strategic opportunity. The current environment allows the Kingdom to obtain imports from China at lower cost and access a broader range of goods that previously flowed largely toward the United States market.

Addressing how emerging economies should respond to dumping pressures and rising competition, Antràs said countries should minimize protectionist tendencies and instead position themselves as committed participants in the multilateral trading system, allowing foreign producers to access domestic markets while encouraging domestic firms to expand internationally.

He noted that although Chinese dumping presents concerns for countries with manufacturing sectors that compete directly with Chinese production, the risk is lower for Saudi Arabia because it does not maintain a large manufacturing base that overlaps directly with Chinese exports. Lower-cost imports could benefit Saudi consumers, while targeted policy tools such as credit programs, subsidies, and support for firms seeking to redesign and upgrade business models represent more effective responses than broad protectionist measures.

Globalization has not ended

Antràs said globalization continues but through more complex structures, with trade agreements increasingly negotiated through diverse arrangements rather than relying primarily on multilateral negotiations. Trade deals will continue to be concluded, but they are likely to become more complex, with uncertainty remaining a defining feature of the global trading environment.

Interest rates and artificial intelligence

According to Antràs, high global interest rates, combined with the additional risk premiums faced by emerging markets, are constraining investment, particularly in sectors that require export financing, capital expenditure, and continuous quality upgrading.

However, he noted that elevated interest rates partly reflect expectations of stronger long-term growth driven by artificial intelligence and broader technological transformation.

He also said if those growth expectations materialize, productivity gains could enable small and medium-sized enterprises to forecast demand more accurately and identify previously untapped markets, partially offsetting the negative effects of higher borrowing costs.

Employment concerns and the role of government

The Harvard professor warned that labor markets face a dual challenge stemming from intensified Chinese export competition and accelerating job automation driven by artificial intelligence, developments that could lead to significant disruptions, particularly among younger workers. He said governments must adopt proactive strategies requiring substantial fiscal resources to mitigate near-term labor-market shocks.

According to Antràs, productivity growth remains the central condition for success: if new technologies deliver the anticipated productivity gains, governments will gain the fiscal space needed to compensate affected groups and retrain the workforce, achieving a balance between addressing short-term disruptions and investing in long-term strategic gains.