AI Paintings Stir Debate among Egyptian Artists

A painting from the "AI and Me" exhibition (Picasso Art Gallery).
A painting from the "AI and Me" exhibition (Picasso Art Gallery).
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AI Paintings Stir Debate among Egyptian Artists

A painting from the "AI and Me" exhibition (Picasso Art Gallery).
A painting from the "AI and Me" exhibition (Picasso Art Gallery).

The “AI and Me...Future Experiences in Arts” exhibition stirred wide debate among artists in Egypt, after Art Professor and Artist Alia Abdulhadi surprised the audience by using the technique instead of the traditional drawing tools in 70 paintings.

The debate on the exhibition, described by critics as the first of its kind in Egypt, went beyond the walls of the Picasso Gallery. On social media, the audience discussed the experience, its artistic “legitimacy”, and its impact on the future of Egyptian creativity. But the dispute was resumed at the gallery late Monday, during an open seminar dubbed “AI in Art .... With or Against”, attended by the exhibition’s curator, artists, critics, and art fans.

Abdulhadi started her experience around a year ago, aiming at exploring this new exciting world with the help of the “Midjourney” app in interior and accessories designs. The artist found that the app can turn anything that she writes into a complete design in 10 seconds, which prompted her to start experimenting with paintings.

“It’s important for an artist to keep up with novelty. Whether we liked artificial intelligence (AI) or not, it is going to enforce itself even in the fields of art and creativity,” Dr. Alia Abdulhadi, former dean of architecture and arts school at Jordan’s Petra University, and vice-president of the Fine Art School at Helwan University, told “Asharq Al-Awsat”.

“The technique is advancing at a remarkable pace, which means we have to keep up with it, and neglecting it won’t help. I felt I must explore this world and experiment with its tools. Art students and aficionados are fond of everything related to modern technology, so it’s time to integrate it in academic curricula,” she explained.

Abdulhadi believes that the paintings reflect her identity, and could be considered as her originals if drawn in real life. “I felt like I was communicating with the machine, like if there was some kind of dialogue. But I had to alter some colors and shapes to get the results that reflect the spirit of my works and my view,” she said.

About the people who slammed her exhibition, she said: “I welcome all opinions because they create new movements and views, and open doors to discuss a cause that cannot be ignored anymore, it’s using AI for art creativity. But I don’t mind repeating the experience in more works.”

During the seminar organized by the gallery on Monday, the debate and heated discussion on the matter resumed, highlighting a sharp contrast between the supporting and opposing views.

Dr. Ashraf Rida, a professor of design at the Fine Arts School in Helwan University, praised Abdulhadi’s courage for experimentation and self-challenge using AI apps to create artworks that reflect her style.

On the other hand, Artist and Critic Izzedine Naguib slammed the experience, and asked: “How could we incorporate AI in visual arts, theater, cinema, and music? Art is the cohort of dreaming and imagination, it’s the result of emotions and uniqueness. AI lacks all this, it’s based on simulation, data storage, and manipulation. When someone signs an AI-based artwork, they are crossing the fine line between creativity and forgery.”

For his part. Dr. Taher Abdulazim described Abdulhadi’s experience as “novel” in Egypt, noting that “the results highlight a daring and exceptional approach.”



Ancient Armored Bottom-feeder is First Seagoing Amphibian

An artistic reconstruction of the Triassic Period marine amphibian, Gerrothorax maritimus, seen suction-feeding on a coelacanth at the bottom of the ocean, in a handout image released on October 26, 2026. Chen Geng, Guizhou University/Handout via REUTERS
An artistic reconstruction of the Triassic Period marine amphibian, Gerrothorax maritimus, seen suction-feeding on a coelacanth at the bottom of the ocean, in a handout image released on October 26, 2026. Chen Geng, Guizhou University/Handout via REUTERS
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Ancient Armored Bottom-feeder is First Seagoing Amphibian

An artistic reconstruction of the Triassic Period marine amphibian, Gerrothorax maritimus, seen suction-feeding on a coelacanth at the bottom of the ocean, in a handout image released on October 26, 2026. Chen Geng, Guizhou University/Handout via REUTERS
An artistic reconstruction of the Triassic Period marine amphibian, Gerrothorax maritimus, seen suction-feeding on a coelacanth at the bottom of the ocean, in a handout image released on October 26, 2026. Chen Geng, Guizhou University/Handout via REUTERS

Amphibians rely on their permeable skin for the crucial functions of breathing and drinking, a wonderful adaptation in freshwater that is subverted by the salt in seawater. As a result, there has been no known amphibian — extinct or extant — with a fully marine lifestyle. Until now, that is.

Researchers have discovered in China's Guizhou Province two nearly complete skeletons of an amphibian that lived in the sea about 237 million years ago during the Triassic Period, with a flat, disc-shaped and armored body and a wide mouth indicative of a bottom-dwelling suction feeder that ambushed its prey.

The creature, named Gerrothorax maritimus, measured about 30 inches (75 cm) long and predated the dinosaurs.

"The most important finding is that there was an early amphibian that lived in the sea full-time," said paleobiologist Ryosuke Motani of the University of California, Davis, one of the leaders of the study published in the journal Nature Ecology & Evolution.

It was unearthed in rocks that formed from ocean sediment, and was found near fossils of an ichthyosaur — a type of marine reptile — called Guizhouichthyosaurus that was about ⁠23 feet (7 meters) long. ⁠Ichthyosaurs were the apex marine predators of the time, and justified the amphibian's bony body armor.

Its use of suction feeding is suggested by the shape of its mouth and the structure of its throat. Suction feeding occurs when an aquatic animal quickly expands its mouth cavity to create a drop in pressure, drawing water and prey inside.

"The skull is flat and wide with a large mouth, having many small conical teeth," paleontologist and study co-author Da-yong Jiang of Peking University in China said, according to Reuters.

"It is a bottom animal, a suction feeder that lived on a muddy to silty seafloor. It would likely capture anything that swam by, such as fish, worms and maybe cephalopods," Jiang ⁠said, referring to squid relatives.

The wobbegong, a bottom-dwelling and suction-feeding shark of comparable size, is a good present-day analog, Motani said.

The researchers said Gerrothorax maritimus evolved from armored freshwater ancestors. Fossils of a closely related armored freshwater amphibian were previously discovered.

There are more than 8,000 species of living amphibians such as frogs, salamanders and legless caecilians. Some can withstand brackish water — saltwater and freshwater mixing where bodies of water like rivers meet the sea.

But less than 2% exhibit any salt tolerance, and none live in fully marine environments. In addition, no previous amphibian fossil indicated a marine existence.

An amphibian's skin is multifunctional, acting among other things as the main gateway for breathing and water intake.

"Their skin, however, does not work the same way in seawater," Motani said.

"When a frog swims in seawater, it loses its body water because the seawater sucks out the body water through the permeable skin through osmotic pressure. It cannot drink water either for the same reason. As a result, it loses body weight and will have to rest in ⁠freshwater to recover. This key feature ⁠prevents amphibians from becoming fully marine."

Gerrothorax maritimus was able to do so through a phenomenon called exaptation, in which a biological trait that evolved for one function is repurposed for a different function.

"There was a freshwater amphibian that happened to have the equipment needed to colonize the sea — the body armor. The armor protected the animal from predators in freshwater but it could also be used to protect the bearer from seawater when the lineage colonized the saltier part of the water system," Motani said, like a person wearing a dive suit for underwater exploring.

The armor would have inhibited seawater absorption through the skin, requiring the animal to drink saltwater through its mouth and then filter out the salt with its gills.

In the fossil record, there are examples of land animals and freshwater aquatic animals whose bodies were carried out to sea after death. But the researchers expressed confidence that this amphibian was a genuine marine creature, in part because its bones exhibited a chemical signature of Triassic seawater, showing the animal developed and grew in the ocean.

"Very odd and charming in its own way," Motani said of the new species. "Its charm is in its unique, somewhat comical appearance and physiological peculiarity. I did not ever imagine that there was an amphibian that shared time and space with ichthyosaurs. That alone made a big impression on me."


UN: Greenhouse Gas Levels Hit New Record Highs in 2025

FILE PHOTO: The rotor of a wind turbine turns round at a wind power plant on top of a mountain in Pyeongchang, about 210 km east of Seoul, May 4, 2007. REUTERS/Lee Jae-Won (SOUTH KOREA)/File Photo
FILE PHOTO: The rotor of a wind turbine turns round at a wind power plant on top of a mountain in Pyeongchang, about 210 km east of Seoul, May 4, 2007. REUTERS/Lee Jae-Won (SOUTH KOREA)/File Photo
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UN: Greenhouse Gas Levels Hit New Record Highs in 2025

FILE PHOTO: The rotor of a wind turbine turns round at a wind power plant on top of a mountain in Pyeongchang, about 210 km east of Seoul, May 4, 2007. REUTERS/Lee Jae-Won (SOUTH KOREA)/File Photo
FILE PHOTO: The rotor of a wind turbine turns round at a wind power plant on top of a mountain in Pyeongchang, about 210 km east of Seoul, May 4, 2007. REUTERS/Lee Jae-Won (SOUTH KOREA)/File Photo

Greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere rose to new record highs in 2025, locking in climate impacts that will persist for centuries to come, the United Nations said Tuesday.

Levels of the three main greenhouse gases -- the climate-warming carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide -- all rose to unprecedented figures in 2025, the UN's weather and climate agency said.

The World Meteorological Organization said the rise would lead to more long-term temperature increases for the planet.

The WMO's 22nd annual Greenhouse Gas Bulletin comes ahead of the COP31 UN climate summit in Antalya, Türkiye, running from November 9 to 20.

"Another year, another new record," said WMO deputy secretary-general Ko Barrett.

"Greenhouse gases are trapping an unprecedented amount of heat in the atmosphere, providing energy for more extreme weather and associated risks to our economies and societies.

"The past 11 years have been the warmest on record and this trend is set to continue. Carbon dioxide (CO2) has a very long life-time and so will affect the global climate not just for years but for decades and even centuries."

The bulletin looks at greenhouse gas concentrations -- the amount of those gases in the atmosphere -- rather than new annual emissions amounts as the world burns more coal, oil and gas.

In 2025, carbon dioxide concentrations were at 426.8 parts per million (ppm); methane at 1,948 parts per billion, and nitrous oxide at 339.1 parts per billion.

That takes them respectively to 153 percent, 267 percent and 126 percent of the pre-industrial levels witnessed before 1750.

Of the three major greenhouse gases, CO2 accounts for about 66 percent of the warming effect on the climate.

Around half of the total CO2 emitted each year remains in the atmosphere; the rest is absorbed by the land and oceans.

From 2024 to 2025, the global average concentration of CO2 rose by 2.8 ppm -- smaller than the record surge from 2023 to 2024 of 3.6 ppm.

WMO senior scientific officer Oksana Tarasova said this reflected the "recovery of the land carbon sinks and reduced fire carbon emissions in 2025 after the strong 2023/2024 El Nino", the naturally-occurring, climate-warming weather phenomenon.

"However, a 2.8 ppm annual increase is still a substantial addition of carbon to the atmosphere from fossil fuel burning."

It is also above the average growth rate for the past decade of 2.6 ppm -- a figure that stood at 0.8 ppm in the 1960s.

"We can expect to see a further increase in concentrations in 2026 because of fossil fuel burning and the development of a powerful El Nino which will impact land carbon sinks, as it did in 2023/2024," Tarasova warned.

Methane accounts for about 16 percent of the warming effect on our climate by long-lived greenhouse gases, though it has a much shorter lifetime than CO2.

Around a third of methane emitted into the atmosphere comes from natural sources like wetlands, with the rest from anthropogenic sources such as cattle, rice farming, landfills and biomass burning.

According to AFP, the bulletin said that as countries shift their energy systems towards decarbonization, more attention should be paid to two potent but less abundant trace gases closely related to electricity production and distribution: molecular hydrogen (H2) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6).

Primarily as a spark suppressant in electricity distribution, SF6 has been rising steadily over the past three decades.

Why H2 levels have increased over the past decade is unknown but it has begun to be used as an energy storage medium.


Indonesia Sends Oxygen Bus to Aid Residents Choking on Forest Fire Haze

FILE PHOTO: A resident receives oxygen from a free mobile oxygen bus deployed by the city government amid haze from wildfires in Palangka Raya, Central Kalimantan province, Indonesia, October 23, 2026. REUTERS/Arief Rahman Septian Prathama/File Photo
FILE PHOTO: A resident receives oxygen from a free mobile oxygen bus deployed by the city government amid haze from wildfires in Palangka Raya, Central Kalimantan province, Indonesia, October 23, 2026. REUTERS/Arief Rahman Septian Prathama/File Photo
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Indonesia Sends Oxygen Bus to Aid Residents Choking on Forest Fire Haze

FILE PHOTO: A resident receives oxygen from a free mobile oxygen bus deployed by the city government amid haze from wildfires in Palangka Raya, Central Kalimantan province, Indonesia, October 23, 2026. REUTERS/Arief Rahman Septian Prathama/File Photo
FILE PHOTO: A resident receives oxygen from a free mobile oxygen bus deployed by the city government amid haze from wildfires in Palangka Raya, Central Kalimantan province, Indonesia, October 23, 2026. REUTERS/Arief Rahman Septian Prathama/File Photo

A bus fitted out with oxygen tanks is providing a sanctuary in a city on Indonesia's Borneo island where people are choking from forest-fire-induced haze and the blazes show no sign of letting up.

Indonesia regularly battles seasonal forest fires, predominantly on Sumatra and Borneo islands, but this year the infernos are the most intense in more than a decade. An intense El Niño weather phenomenon has driven up temperatures, leaving the country's vast forests and peatlands more vulnerable to fires that have turned skies orange across Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore.

As respiratory illnesses increased in the Central Kalimantan city of ⁠Palangka Raya, the ⁠local government provided an 'oxygen bus' replete with oxygen tanks and medical professionals who offer residents a chance to be hooked up to a small oxygen tube around their nose for 5 to 10 minutes at a time.

"The service is intended to help people access oxygen, particularly those experiencing respiratory problems or who need oxygen ⁠support amid unhealthy air quality conditions," the Central Kalimantan provincial health department said on Instagram this week.

Indonesia's air pollution index has shown some areas of Borneo and Sumatra registering pollution levels of over 1,000, with readings of 300 or more already categorized as hazardous.

Respiratory illnesses linked to the fires have risen, with about 350,000 cases from August to October 25, the health ministry said. Central Kalimantan reported about 31,000 cases as of October 25.

"This is a disaster from nature and there is not much we can do," ⁠Oktawina, 44, ⁠who like many Indonesians goes by one name, said with an oxygen tube hooked to her nose.

Medical staff on the white-and-blue bus recorded patients' details and administered oxygen to residents reporting breathing difficulties. One of them, Yuda, said most residents who came to the bus coughing or had trouble breathing.

Purnasari, 31, another patient on the bus, said: "If I've been out of the house lately I feel tightness and coughing ... because this morning the thick yellowish smoke so my breathing feels tight."

Hundreds of students protested at the office of the provincial governor last week demanding a greater response to the fires, local news website Kompas reported.