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Sultan of Oman, Emir of Kuwait to Inaugurate $9 Bn Duqm Refinery on Wednesday

Duqm Refinery is one of the joint investment projects between Oman and Kuwait (KUNA)
Duqm Refinery is one of the joint investment projects between Oman and Kuwait (KUNA)
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Sultan of Oman, Emir of Kuwait to Inaugurate $9 Bn Duqm Refinery on Wednesday

Duqm Refinery is one of the joint investment projects between Oman and Kuwait (KUNA)
Duqm Refinery is one of the joint investment projects between Oman and Kuwait (KUNA)

Oman's Sultan Haitham bin Tariq and Kuwait Emir Sheikh Meshal al-Ahmad al-Sabah will attend the opening of Duqm Refinery and Petrochemical Industries on Wednesday.
The Duqm refinery is a $9 billion joint venture between Oman's OQ Group and Kuwait Petroleum International in Oman's Duqm Industrial Zone.
The Refinery represents a valuable addition to the global energy market by providing high-quality oil products and enhancing Oman's refining capabilities by up to about 500,000 barrels per day.
Meanwhile, Oman's Minister of Commerce, Industry, and Investment Promotion, Qais bin Mohammed al-Yousef, said in a press statement that the inauguration of the Duqm Refinery reflects the investment interest in the Sultanate.
Yousef noted that it reviews the efforts to attract investors to achieve Oman Vision 2040 goals aimed at boosting economic diversification policies and diversifying sources of income.
President of the Public Authority for Special Economic Zones and Free Zones Ali al-Sunaidy described the Duqm Refinery as a pioneering strategic project in the petroleum industries between Oman and Kuwait.
Sunaidy stated that it supports the efforts to increase the added value of the manufacturing sector and provides new investment opportunities for small and medium enterprises in Duqm.
He asserted the importance of the strategic partnership between the two brotherly countries in establishing the Duqm Refinery and its strategic location close to the Asian and African markets.
Investments in the economic, accessible, and industrial zones amounted to about $44 billion, including $10.9 billion in the Special Economic Zone in Duqm (SEZAD), which reflects the interest of local and international companies in investing in Oman, according to Sunaidy.
- Kuwaiti-Omani project
The Duqm Refinery Project is one of the fruits of close relations between the State of Kuwait and the Sultanate of Oman, as this joint project reflects the steady growth in bilateral ties between the two Gulf countries.
President of Oman Investment Authority (OIA) Abdulasalam al-Murshidi said that the Duqm Refinery in the Special Economic Zone is the most significant joint investment between the two nations in the refineries and petrochemicals sector.
It culminates the bilateral relations between Oman and Kuwait, embodies the depth of their economic ties, and links common interests to more joint investments.
Murshidi expressed his aspiration that the Duqm Refinery will open broader horizons to invest in Oman, especially in the Special Economic Zone.
He also referred to its role as a promising industrial center and enabler around which lucrative opportunities are established in the upstream and downstream industries, petrochemicals, and logistics, reflecting additional value to the SEZAD.
The CEO of the Kuwait Petroleum Corporation, Sheikh Nawaf Saud Al-Sabah, said that the Refinery is an ideal example of the convergence of economic interests between the two countries, especially since Kuwait shares a common history and heritage with Oman.
The CEO pointed out that the strategic project would enhance the prospects for future cooperation in development and economic projects that contribute to the stability of energy supplies and provide safe guarantees.
- The most crucial energy centers
The project, the foundation stone of which the two parties laid in April 2018, will transform the Duqm region into one of the most important energy centers in the area.
Occupying a 900-hectare plot of coastal land, the $8.5 billion complex is a joint venture for the Omani international energy integrated company (OQ) and Kuwait Petroleum International (Q8).
The project enjoys a strategic location overlooking the main maritime transport lines in the Arabian Sea. It will have a positive impact on the region.
Its preliminary refining capacity is estimated at 230,000 barrels of (Kuwaiti) crude oil per day. The products include diesel, aviation fuel, naphtha, and liquefied petroleum gas.
Kuwait Petroleum Corporation will secure 65 percent of the refinery's crude oil resources in line with the corporation's vision and strategy to provide safe marketing outlets for Kuwaiti oil.
The project includes three main packages. The first consists of the central processing units of the Refinery, while the second package includes facilities and services.
Meanwhile, the third package includes three sub-packages, which are storage and export facilities for liquid and bulk petroleum materials located in the port of Duqm, crude oil storage facilities in Ras Markaz, and a 90-kilometer pipeline for transportation of crude oil from Ras Markaz to Duqm Refinery.
The future vision of the project aims for the Refinery to be world-class, using proven technology and providing high-quality products following international safety standards while striving to achieve the highest operating standards.

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Business

IMF Says Engaging with Iraq on Preparing New Bailout Program

Central Bank of Iraq (INA)
Central Bank of Iraq (INA)
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IMF Says Engaging with Iraq on Preparing New Bailout Program

Central Bank of Iraq (INA)
Central Bank of Iraq (INA)

The International Monetary Fund on Thursday said it was engaging with Iraqi authorities as it prepares a new bailout program for the country, whose economy has been battered by the war on Iran.

The US-Israel war on Iran, launched in late February, plunged the region into conflict and saw Tehran's retaliatory action virtually block the Strait of Hormuz, a key energy supply route.

Iraq's economy is heavily dependent on its energy exports, which almost entirely rely on transport through the strait.

Before the war, the country was already facing acute fiscal constraints, and the IMF this month forecast its economy would contract by 16 percent this year.

"Our plan now is to engage with the authorities to understand better their priorities, how they want to address their vulnerabilities, and then to move ahead on how we can best support them with a program," said IMF spokesperson Julie Kozack at a regular press briefing in Washington.

Kozack cited the country's severe financing constraints from before the outbreak of the war, and said its very narrow non-oil revenue base was also putting pressure on the fiscal balance.

The last of Iraq's three most recent programs with the IMF ended in 2019.

It has a total of around $428 million in interest payments due to the Fund by 2030, according to IMF data.

IMF Chief Kristalina Georgieva first disclosed that Iraq had approached the Fund for a new program at the Fund's annual meetings in Bangkok earlier this month.

At those meetings, Georgieva lauded the resilience of global economic growth in the face of wars in Iran and Ukraine, but warned that outcomes were highly uneven with more vulnerable economies battered hard by the conflicts.

Business

Iraq's Central Bank: Exchange Rate Gap Narrows to 9%, No New Currency Being Printed

Iraq's Central Bank Governor chairs a meeting on Thursday (Iraqi News Agency)
Iraq's Central Bank Governor chairs a meeting on Thursday (Iraqi News Agency)
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Iraq's Central Bank: Exchange Rate Gap Narrows to 9%, No New Currency Being Printed

Iraq's Central Bank Governor chairs a meeting on Thursday (Iraqi News Agency)
Iraq's Central Bank Governor chairs a meeting on Thursday (Iraqi News Agency)

Iraq's Central Bank Governor Nizar Nasser Hussein announced Thursday that the gap between the dinar's official exchange rate and its parallel-market rate had narrowed to 9%, down from approximately 24%, while denying reports that new banknotes were being printed.

Hussein made the remarks during a visit by the Iraqi Parliament's Investment and Development Committee to the central bank to discuss the repercussions of changes to the dollar exchange rate, their impact on economic and investment activity, and the challenges facing investors and local companies, according to a parliamentary statement carried by the Iraqi News Agency (INA).

The governor confirmed that no currency printing was underway, describing reports to the contrary as inaccurate. He also noted that the gap between the official and parallel-market exchange rates had fallen to 9%, as Iraq faces mounting financial and economic pressures stemming from the war involving Iran and disruptions to oil exports.

In early October, the Central Bank of Iraq raised the dollar's selling rate to the public to 1,520 dinars, from approximately 1,320 dinars previously, a move that devalued the dinar by around 15% against the dollar amid pressure on oil revenues and foreign currency inflows.

Iraq's public finances depend heavily on oil revenues, making export disruptions and declining foreign currency inflows major sources of pressure on the state budget and foreign exchange market.

During the meeting, the central bank outlined measures taken to support the economy, including assistance to state-owned and private banks in providing citizens with concessional loans ranging from 5 million to 15 million Iraqi dinars.

For its part, the Investment and Development Committee stressed the need to limit the impact of exchange rate changes on investment project costs, raw material prices and contractual obligations, as well as their repercussions for market stability and citizens' purchasing power.

The committee called for stronger coordination between the central bank, government agencies and the banking sector, streamlined bank financing procedures, and the removal of obstacles facing investors to ensure projects can continue without imposing additional burdens on businesses and citizens.

The developments come as Iraqi authorities seek to contain the economic fallout from the war amid mounting pressure on oil exports and public finances.

Iraq had requested financial support from the International Monetary Fund, which projected that the country's economy would contract by 16% this year, according to estimates cited in the report.

Business

Riyadh Metro Opens New Horizons for Commercial Real Estate Investment

Men ride the Riyadh Metro heading to King Saud University Station in Riyadh (AFP)
Men ride the Riyadh Metro heading to King Saud University Station in Riyadh (AFP)
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Riyadh Metro Opens New Horizons for Commercial Real Estate Investment

Men ride the Riyadh Metro heading to King Saud University Station in Riyadh (AFP)
Men ride the Riyadh Metro heading to King Saud University Station in Riyadh (AFP)

Riyadh's public transport network is increasingly becoming a factor in real estate investors' calculations, with Saudi Arabia's rail services recording more than 40.9 million passengers during the third quarter of 2026. Of these, the Riyadh Metro accounted for 30.4 million riders.

This draws renewed attention to the attractiveness of commercial properties located near metro stations and the opportunities for cafés, restaurants, and retail outlets to benefit from passenger traffic. However, industry specialists note that assessing the metro's actual impact on rents and occupancy rates requires comparing property performance before and after operations began, while taking other market factors into account.

In this context, Khaled Al-Mobid, CEO of Menassat Realty Co., told Asharq Al-Awsat that the Riyadh Metro has begun to reshape the concept of a prime commercial location.

A desirable site is no longer limited to properties situated on major roads; ease of access through public transportation has become an additional factor enhancing investment appeal.

Al-Mobid added that average rents in Riyadh's major shopping centers reached approximately SAR 2,650 per square meter annually, reflecting growth of 1.2 percent, while occupancy rates remained stable at 91 percent during the first half of 2026. He stressed, however, that these indicators cannot be attributed solely to the metro.

He pointed to practical signs of the growing importance of transport-linked commercial activity, including the offering of 733 commercial units within the public transport network, in addition to opportunities available for cafés and financial services.

Metro Enhances the Appeal of Commercial Locations

Al-Mobid expects businesses that depend on daily customer traffic, particularly cafés, restaurants, and quick-service providers, to benefit from locations near the busiest stations. He believes proximity to metro stations will become a more important consideration for investors and developers when selecting sites and planning mixed-use projects.

He emphasized that the value of a commercial location in the future will not be measured solely by the number of cars passing by, but also by the number of people who can easily reach it without needing a vehicle.

A view of the Riyadh Metro's Blue Line emerging from the Financial District Station (SPA)

Measuring the Real Estate Impact Requires Market Comparison

For his part, Khalid Aljasir, a real estate specialist and chairman of Amaken International Group, told Asharq Al-Awsat that the launch of the Riyadh Metro represents a significant development in the city's infrastructure and is expected to gradually influence the real estate demand landscape, particularly in commercial areas that benefit from improved accessibility and higher user traffic.

Aljasir explained that proximity to public transport stations can enhance a property's investment appeal, although the extent of the impact varies depending on the location, the nature of the commercial activity, and the level of demand in the area.

He stressed that increases in rents or occupancy rates cannot be attributed solely to metro operations without analyzing other market variables.

He noted that measuring the metro's actual impact requires comparing similar commercial properties located near stations with those farther away, both before and after operations began. Metrics such as average rents, occupancy rates, and demand levels can help determine how improved accessibility affects real estate performance.

A view of the Riyadh Metro's Yello Line (SPA)

Accessibility Becomes a Key Consideration for Investors

Aljasir added that accessibility and integration with public transport networks are increasingly important factors when evaluating investment opportunities. Investors assess a property's ability to attract tenants and users, as well as how easily customers and employees can reach it, alongside traditional considerations such as location and size.

He noted that cafés, restaurants, retail stores, and daily-service businesses may benefit from sites experiencing steady pedestrian traffic near metro stations. Commercial offices may also gain from improved accessibility for employees and clients.

Furthermore, locations connected to public transport could become more attractive for mixed-use developments that combine commercial, office, and service functions.

Aljasir stressed that proximity to a station is not the sole determinant of investment success. Economic viability, rent levels, actual demand, the nature of the business, and overall site quality remain fundamental factors in decision-making.

He underscored the importance of studying the integration of public transportation and real estate development and evaluating its impact on expected cash flows and investment returns, rather than assuming that all properties near stations will experience the same increase in value or rental rates.