AI Paintings Stir Debate among Egyptian Artists

A painting from the "AI and Me" exhibition (Picasso Art Gallery).
A painting from the "AI and Me" exhibition (Picasso Art Gallery).
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AI Paintings Stir Debate among Egyptian Artists

A painting from the "AI and Me" exhibition (Picasso Art Gallery).
A painting from the "AI and Me" exhibition (Picasso Art Gallery).

The “AI and Me...Future Experiences in Arts” exhibition stirred wide debate among artists in Egypt, after Art Professor and Artist Alia Abdulhadi surprised the audience by using the technique instead of the traditional drawing tools in 70 paintings.

The debate on the exhibition, described by critics as the first of its kind in Egypt, went beyond the walls of the Picasso Gallery. On social media, the audience discussed the experience, its artistic “legitimacy”, and its impact on the future of Egyptian creativity. But the dispute was resumed at the gallery late Monday, during an open seminar dubbed “AI in Art .... With or Against”, attended by the exhibition’s curator, artists, critics, and art fans.

Abdulhadi started her experience around a year ago, aiming at exploring this new exciting world with the help of the “Midjourney” app in interior and accessories designs. The artist found that the app can turn anything that she writes into a complete design in 10 seconds, which prompted her to start experimenting with paintings.

“It’s important for an artist to keep up with novelty. Whether we liked artificial intelligence (AI) or not, it is going to enforce itself even in the fields of art and creativity,” Dr. Alia Abdulhadi, former dean of architecture and arts school at Jordan’s Petra University, and vice-president of the Fine Art School at Helwan University, told “Asharq Al-Awsat”.

“The technique is advancing at a remarkable pace, which means we have to keep up with it, and neglecting it won’t help. I felt I must explore this world and experiment with its tools. Art students and aficionados are fond of everything related to modern technology, so it’s time to integrate it in academic curricula,” she explained.

Abdulhadi believes that the paintings reflect her identity, and could be considered as her originals if drawn in real life. “I felt like I was communicating with the machine, like if there was some kind of dialogue. But I had to alter some colors and shapes to get the results that reflect the spirit of my works and my view,” she said.

About the people who slammed her exhibition, she said: “I welcome all opinions because they create new movements and views, and open doors to discuss a cause that cannot be ignored anymore, it’s using AI for art creativity. But I don’t mind repeating the experience in more works.”

During the seminar organized by the gallery on Monday, the debate and heated discussion on the matter resumed, highlighting a sharp contrast between the supporting and opposing views.

Dr. Ashraf Rida, a professor of design at the Fine Arts School in Helwan University, praised Abdulhadi’s courage for experimentation and self-challenge using AI apps to create artworks that reflect her style.

On the other hand, Artist and Critic Izzedine Naguib slammed the experience, and asked: “How could we incorporate AI in visual arts, theater, cinema, and music? Art is the cohort of dreaming and imagination, it’s the result of emotions and uniqueness. AI lacks all this, it’s based on simulation, data storage, and manipulation. When someone signs an AI-based artwork, they are crossing the fine line between creativity and forgery.”

For his part. Dr. Taher Abdulazim described Abdulhadi’s experience as “novel” in Egypt, noting that “the results highlight a daring and exceptional approach.”



Smog Chokes Baghdad as Oil-Fired Factories Belch Out Smoke 

The sun sets behind burning gas flares at the Dora (Daura) Oil Refinery Complex in Baghdad on December 22, 2024. (AFP)
The sun sets behind burning gas flares at the Dora (Daura) Oil Refinery Complex in Baghdad on December 22, 2024. (AFP)
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Smog Chokes Baghdad as Oil-Fired Factories Belch Out Smoke 

The sun sets behind burning gas flares at the Dora (Daura) Oil Refinery Complex in Baghdad on December 22, 2024. (AFP)
The sun sets behind burning gas flares at the Dora (Daura) Oil Refinery Complex in Baghdad on December 22, 2024. (AFP)

Iraqi grocery store owner Abu Amjad al-Zubaidi is grappling with asthma, a condition his doctor blames on emissions from a nearby power plant that fills his Baghdad neighborhood with noxious smoke.

In winter, a thick smog frequently envelops the city of nine million people as the fumes belched out by its many oil-fired factories are trapped by a layer of cold air.

The stench of sulphur permeates some districts, where brick and asphalt factories run on heavy fuel oil, taking advantage of generous state subsidies in the world's sixth biggest oil producer.

In a bid to tackle the worsening air quality, authorities recently shut down dozens of oil-fired factories and instructed others to phase out their use of heavy fuel oil.

"Every time I went to the doctor, he told me to stop smoking. But I don't smoke," Zubaidi told AFP.

When his doctor finally realized that Zubaidi lived just meters from the Dora power plant in south Baghdad, he told him its emissions were the likely cause of his asthma.

Power plants and refineries spew thick grey smoke over several areas of Baghdad.

"We can't go up to our roofs because of the fumes," Zubaidi said.

"We appealed to the prime minister, the government and parliament. Lawmakers have come to see us but to no avail," the 53-year-old complained.

He is not the only victim of air pollution. Many of his neighbors suffer from chronic asthma or allergies, he said.

Waste incineration and the proliferation of private generators in the face of patchy mains supply also contribute significantly to Baghdad's air pollution.

- Sixth most polluted -

In 2023, the air monitoring site IQAir ranked Iraq as the sixth most polluted country in terms of air quality.

Levels of the cancer-causing PM2.5 pollutants, microparticles small enough to enter the bloodstream through the lungs, are seven to 10 times the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline values.

IQAir warned that exposure to PM2.5 "leads to and exacerbates numerous health conditions, including but not limited to asthma, cancer, stroke and lung disease".

It found that air pollution levels in Baghdad were "unhealthy for sensitive groups".

According to the US embassy, air quality in the capital frequently enters the red zone, leading to "health effects", particularly for vulnerable groups.

In October, Prime Minister Mohammed Shia al-Sudani ordered a committee to investigate the causes of the "odorous sulphur emissions" so that they can be stopped.

Environment ministry spokesperson Amir Ali attributed the pollution to "industrial activities near the capital" -- particularly the brickworks and asphalt plants in the Nahrawan industrial zone in southeast Baghdad.

There lies "the largest number of factories responsible for the emissions", he said.

Ali also blamed private generators and refineries, including in Dora.

The pollution was exacerbated by "weather conditions, shifts in temperature, the direction of the wind, and increased humidity", his ministry said.

- Green belt -

In December, authorities announced the closure of 111 brickworks "due to emissions" that breach environmental standards, along with 57 asphalt plants in the Nahrawan industrial zone.

The industry ministry has also instructed brickworks to phase out their use of heavy fuel oil within 18 months and replace it with liquefied natural gas.

The government has banned waste incineration inside and outside landfills and has said it will improve "fuel quality at Dora refinery and address gas emissions and wastewater discharges".

Iraq is one of the world's largest oil producers, and sales of crude oil account for 90 percent of state revenues, so its transition to renewable fuels remains a distant goal.

Environmental activist Husam Sobhi urged authorities to keep up their efforts to phase out heavy fuel oil.

"It is difficult for a country like Iraq to let go of oil but we can use better quality oil than heavy fuel oil," Sobhi said.

He also called on planning authorities to put a stop to the city's sprawl into the surrounding countryside.

"Baghdad is in dire need of a green belt which would serve as a lung for the city to breathe," he said.