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Saudi Arabia Nominates 45 Scientific Projects for ISEF 2024

The Riyadh governor with students nominated for participation in ISEF 2024. (SPA)
The Riyadh governor with students nominated for participation in ISEF 2024. (SPA)
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Saudi Arabia Nominates 45 Scientific Projects for ISEF 2024

The Riyadh governor with students nominated for participation in ISEF 2024. (SPA)
The Riyadh governor with students nominated for participation in ISEF 2024. (SPA)

Saudi Arabia’s “Mawhiba” program selected 45 scientific projects to represent the Kingdom at the International Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF 2024) after winning the National Olympiad for Scientific Creativity (Ibdaa).

Over 210,000 students from various Saudi cities participated in the Olympiad.

ISEF, considered the world’s largest pre-university scientific research competition held in the US, will feature these projects, with around 1,800 students from over 70 countries.

Prince Faisal bin Bandar bin Abdulaziz, the Riyadh region governor, presided over the closing ceremony of the Olympiad, which was organized by Mawhiba in partnership with the Ministry of Education.

The students representing Saudi Arabia at ISEF 2024 were announced during the event.

Prince Faisal congratulated the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, King Salman bin Abdulaziz, and Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Crown Prince and Prime Minister, on the international scientific achievements of Saudi youth.

He emphasized the leadership’s support for education and students, expressing confidence in the young talents who have brought pride to the Kingdom.

The governor wished success to these talents as they compete globally, aiming for top positions to showcase Saudi Arabia’s scientific prowess.

He also thanked Mawhiba and the Ministry of Education for their efforts in nurturing and developing these promising talents.

Dr. Amal Al-Hazza, Mawhiba’s Secretary-General, explained that judging committees selected 45 projects out of 390 presented in regional exhibitions in Jeddah, Riyadh, and the Eastern Province.

These projects, reflecting significant research efforts, will now compete in ISEF 2024.

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Climate Change Causing More Change in Rainfall, Fiercer Typhoons, Scientists Say 

People and vehicles wade through the water along a street that was flooded by Typhoon Gaemi in Kaohsiung on July 25, 2024. (AFP)
People and vehicles wade through the water along a street that was flooded by Typhoon Gaemi in Kaohsiung on July 25, 2024. (AFP)
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Climate Change Causing More Change in Rainfall, Fiercer Typhoons, Scientists Say 

People and vehicles wade through the water along a street that was flooded by Typhoon Gaemi in Kaohsiung on July 25, 2024. (AFP)
People and vehicles wade through the water along a street that was flooded by Typhoon Gaemi in Kaohsiung on July 25, 2024. (AFP)

Climate change is driving changes in rainfall patterns across the world, scientists said in a paper published on Friday, which could also be intensifying typhoons and other tropical storms.

Taiwan, the Philippines and then China were lashed by the year's most powerful typhoon this week, with schools, businesses and financial markets shut as wind speeds surged up to 227 kph (141 mph). On China's eastern coast, hundreds of thousands of people were evacuated ahead of landfall on Thursday.

Stronger tropical storms are part of a wider phenomenon of weather extremes driven by higher temperatures, scientists say.

Researchers led by Zhang Wenxia at the China Academy of Sciences studied historical meteorological data and found about 75% of the world's land area had seen a rise in "precipitation variability" or wider swings between wet and dry weather.

Warming temperatures have enhanced the ability of the atmosphere to hold moisture, which is causing wider fluctuations in rainfall, the researchers said in a paper published by the Science journal.

"(Variability) has increased in most places, including Australia, which means rainier rain periods and drier dry periods," said Steven Sherwood, a scientist at the Climate Change Research Center at the University of New South Wales, who was not involved in the study.

"This is going to increase as global warming continues, enhancing the chances of droughts and/or floods."

FEWER, BUT MORE INTENSE, STORMS

Scientists believe that climate change is also reshaping the behavior of tropical storms, including typhoons, making them less frequent but more powerful.

"I believe higher water vapor in the atmosphere is the ultimate cause of all of these tendencies toward more extreme hydrologic phenomena," Sherwood told Reuters.

Typhoon Gaemi, which first made landfall in Taiwan on Wednesday, was the strongest to hit the island in eight years.

While it is difficult to attribute individual weather events to climate change, models predict that global warming makes typhoons stronger, said Sachie Kanada, a researcher at Japan's Nagoya University.

"In general, warmer sea surface temperature is a favorable condition for tropical cyclone development," she said.

In its "blue paper" on climate change published this month, China said the number of typhoons in the Northwest Pacific and South China Sea had declined significantly since the 1990s, but they were getting stronger.

Taiwan also said in its climate change report published in May that climate change was likely to reduce the overall number of typhoons in the region while making each one more intense.

The decrease in the number of typhoons is due to the uneven pattern of ocean warming, with temperatures rising faster in the western Pacific than the east, said Feng Xiangbo, a tropical cyclone research scientist at the University of Reading.

Water vapor capacity in the lower atmosphere is expected to rise by 7% for each 1 degree Celsius increase in temperatures, with tropical cyclone rainfall in the United States surging by as much as 40% for each single degree rise, he said.