Stone Projectiles that are Nearly 800 Years Old Found at Castle in Britain

English Heritage said the shots were fired in a siege of Kenilworth Castle in 1266 (English Heritage)
English Heritage said the shots were fired in a siege of Kenilworth Castle in 1266 (English Heritage)
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Stone Projectiles that are Nearly 800 Years Old Found at Castle in Britain

English Heritage said the shots were fired in a siege of Kenilworth Castle in 1266 (English Heritage)
English Heritage said the shots were fired in a siege of Kenilworth Castle in 1266 (English Heritage)

Eight 13th Century catapult shots have been discovered “perfectly preserved” outside the walls of a castle in Warwickshire, BBC reported on Tuesday.

English Heritage said the shots would have been fired during the siege of Kenilworth Castle in 1266, one of the longest sieges in English history when the country was in the grip of civil war.

The shots range between 1kg and 105kg in weight, with some being found just below the surface of the ground.

English Heritage said the discovery was made during a project to improve accessibility around Kenilworth Castle.

Will Wyeth, English Heritage’s properties historian, said: "We were able to immediately link these findings to the 1266 siege because of similar finds recovered in the 1960s.

“However, it’s not every day we get lucky enough to stumble across historical remains like this by chance.”

For a total of 172 days between June 25and December 13, 1266, Kenilworth Castle was under constant attack in one of the most significant military contests of Henry III’s reign.

The king’s conflict with his nobles had escalated into civil war some years prior.

“Imagine the surprise of the team when we unearthed these impressive stone projectiles that are nearly 800 years old,” Wyeth said.

“These would have caused some serious damage when fired from war machines,” he said. “In fact, records show that one of Henry III’s wooden siege towers, containing around 200 crossbowmen, was destroyed by just one well-aimed missile.”



EU Countries Take 1st Step to Weaken Protected Status of Wolves

A young wolf stands in the enclosure of the Falkenstein National Park Center. Armin Weigel/dpa
A young wolf stands in the enclosure of the Falkenstein National Park Center. Armin Weigel/dpa
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EU Countries Take 1st Step to Weaken Protected Status of Wolves

A young wolf stands in the enclosure of the Falkenstein National Park Center. Armin Weigel/dpa
A young wolf stands in the enclosure of the Falkenstein National Park Center. Armin Weigel/dpa

Safeguards to protect wolves in the European Union could be weakened in future after member states agreed on Wednesday on the first steps towards easing these measures.

Weakening the protection of wolves aims to facilitate the culling of those deemed a threat to livestock.

Until now, wolves have been highly protected in Europe. In some regions, however, people question whether the status quo is still justified as the number of wolves is growing, dpa reported.

The wolf's protection in the EU is tied to the 1979 Bern Convention, the Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats.

EU ambassadors in Brussels agreed to propose a change to the body in charge of the wildlife protection treaty, EU diplomats told dpa.

Amending the Bern Convention is a first step which could pave the way for the European Commission to propose EU legislation to change the protected status of the wolf at a later stage.

The wolf's comeback in Europe is highly controversial.

Currently, wolves receive strict protection status under EU law with provisions allowing for local authorities to take action, including shooting wolves in case of conflicts with rural communities and farmers.

While some EU countries, including Germany and France, are in favor of easier culling, nature conservation groups campaign for different approaches, like better herd surveillance, night confinement and more guard dogs.

Having been extinct in large parts of Europe until the 1960s, there are currently around 19,000 wolves in the EU, according to conservationists.