Unveiling Tunis: Mural Celebrates ‘Invisible’ Talents

Tunisians react as they attend the inauguration of “1001 Bricks Fresco”, a participatory artwork by more than 500 inhabitants of Tunis led by Swiss artist Anne Francey, illustrating the diversity of the city, with the bas relief installed on the edge of the medina, the old town listed by UNESCO, in the capital's El-Hafsia district on June 7, 2024. (Fethi Belaid / AFP)
Tunisians react as they attend the inauguration of “1001 Bricks Fresco”, a participatory artwork by more than 500 inhabitants of Tunis led by Swiss artist Anne Francey, illustrating the diversity of the city, with the bas relief installed on the edge of the medina, the old town listed by UNESCO, in the capital's El-Hafsia district on June 7, 2024. (Fethi Belaid / AFP)
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Unveiling Tunis: Mural Celebrates ‘Invisible’ Talents

Tunisians react as they attend the inauguration of “1001 Bricks Fresco”, a participatory artwork by more than 500 inhabitants of Tunis led by Swiss artist Anne Francey, illustrating the diversity of the city, with the bas relief installed on the edge of the medina, the old town listed by UNESCO, in the capital's El-Hafsia district on June 7, 2024. (Fethi Belaid / AFP)
Tunisians react as they attend the inauguration of “1001 Bricks Fresco”, a participatory artwork by more than 500 inhabitants of Tunis led by Swiss artist Anne Francey, illustrating the diversity of the city, with the bas relief installed on the edge of the medina, the old town listed by UNESCO, in the capital's El-Hafsia district on June 7, 2024. (Fethi Belaid / AFP)

In the old medina of Tunis, a wall installation titled "1001 Bricks" showcases the talents of "invisible" creators, including art students, people with disabilities and school dropouts.

Led by Swiss artist Anne Francey, the project took shape over a year through workshops that culminated in a large bas-relief made of carved and painted clay bricks, reimagining the cityscape.

The massive artwork now graces a square in the UNESCO-listed old town of the Tunisian capital.

Its main creators are "the invisible, all these people who are on the margins of society, who have disabilities" and whom "we tend keep in the shadows and not really acknowledge", said Francey, 68.

Despite challenges, the project engaged a wide spectrum of 550 participants including art professionals, students and members of AGIM, an association for people with motor disorders.

Mohamed Boulila, an AGIM trainer, said all those who contributed to the project left a personal touch.

"We have the power to do things despite everything and show society that we shouldn't only be considered disabled," Boulila, who also lives with a disability, said during a workshop.

Swiss artist Anne Francey instructs a group of young people with disabilities during a session of collaborative work of art at an institute that offers educational, artistic and social programs in La Marsa, a suburb of Tunis, on February 22, 2024. (Fethi Belaid / AFP)

- 'Metaphorical city' -

Samia Souid, 56, a longtime teacher at AGIM, said the project had a positive impact on youths.

"Children who cannot speak expressed their feelings and their ideas" through the project, she said.

Each group of creators "imagined a metaphorical city", with AGIM participants focusing on a city of challenges, producing sculptures akin to contemporary art.

Supported by a Swiss foundation, the project utilized clay bricks for their availability and wide use in Tunisian construction.

The initiative follows Francey's 2019 project "1001 Hands", inspired by the "One Thousand and One Nights" fairytale, emphasizing stories that intersect endlessly, she said.

Francey noted the rarity and difficulty, on a global scale, of such a "participatory art project", since it challenges the tradition of top-down artworks.

The installation helped blend the creations of "people of all social status", from architecture students to youths in reintegration -- people facing unemployment, substance abuse and other forms of social invisibility.

It is "a way of coming together around a constructive project that makes us dream of a harmonious society despite the hardships the country is going through", she said.

Artistic bricks are displayed at the inauguration of the “1001 Bricks Fresco”, a participatory artwork by more than 500 inhabitants of Tunis led by Swiss artist Anne Francey, illustrating the diversity of the city, with the bas relief installed on the edge of the medina, the old town listed by UNESCO, in the capital's El-Hafsia district on June 7, 2024. (Fethi Belaid / AFP)

- 'Commitment' -

Beyond that, the mural is a statement on public space, as the square it occupies has endured years of neglect, serving as a garbage dump and parking lot until recent renovations.

Raouf Haddad, a 42-year-old porter in the commercial neighborhood of Hafsia, said he checks in on the artwork every day and helps whenever needed.

"The entire medina should have initiatives like this," he said.

"There are collapsing roofs and walls, alleys devoid of public lighting where people cannot pass."

He hopes the square will one day become like Batman Alley -- a once-neglected passageway in Brazil's Sao Paulo which artists turned into a tourist attraction with a myriad of graffiti tags.

For now, however, what matters most is that "1001 Bricks will lead to new projects" in a neighborhood full of "abandoned and unexploited public spaces", said Firas Khlifi, a 28-year-old project manager working on children's awareness on global warming in the neighborhood.

The installation "will bring more animation because there are several festivals" in the medina each year likely to use the square for artistic performances and exhibitions, said Khlifi.

"With families there and children playing, it will increase the community's commitment and belonging to the project."



Researchers Document Huge Drop in African Elephants in a Half Century

 Elephants walk at the Amboseli National Park in Kajiado County, Kenya, April 4, 2024. REUTERS/Monicah Mwangi/File Photo
Elephants walk at the Amboseli National Park in Kajiado County, Kenya, April 4, 2024. REUTERS/Monicah Mwangi/File Photo
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Researchers Document Huge Drop in African Elephants in a Half Century

 Elephants walk at the Amboseli National Park in Kajiado County, Kenya, April 4, 2024. REUTERS/Monicah Mwangi/File Photo
Elephants walk at the Amboseli National Park in Kajiado County, Kenya, April 4, 2024. REUTERS/Monicah Mwangi/File Photo

African elephants are Earth's largest land animals, remarkable mammals that are very intelligent and highly social. They also are in peril. Fresh evidence of this comes in a study that documents alarming population declines at numerous sites across the continent over about a half century.

Researchers unveiled on Monday what they called the most comprehensive assessment of the status of the two African elephant species - the savanna elephant and forest elephant - using data on population surveys conducted at 475 sites in 37 countries from 1964 through 2016.

The savanna elephant populations fell by about 70% on average at the surveyed sites and the forest elephant populations dropped by about 90% on average at the surveyed sites, with poaching and habitat loss the main drivers. All told, there was a 77% population decrease on average at the various surveyed sites, spanning both species, Reuters reported.

Elephants vanished at some sites while their populations increased in other places thanks to conservation efforts.

"A lot of the lost populations won't come back, and many low-density populations face continued pressures. We likely will lose more populations going forward," said George Wittemyer, a Colorado State University professor of wildlife conservation and chair of the scientific board of the conservation group Save the Elephants, who helped lead the study published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Poaching typically involves people killing elephants for their tusks, which are sold illegally on an international black market driven mostly by ivory demand in China and other parts of Asia. Agricultural expansion is the top factor in habitat loss.

The forest elephant population is estimated to be about a third that of savanna elephants. Poaching has affected forest elephants disproportionately and has ravaged populations of both species in northern and eastern Africa.

"We have lost a number of elephant populations across many countries, but the northern Sahel region of Africa - for example in Mali, Chad and Nigeria - has been particularly hard hit. High pressure and limited protection have culminated in populations being extirpated," Wittemyer said.

But in southern Africa, elephant populations rose at 42% of the surveyed sites.

"We have seen real success in a number of places across Africa, but particularly in southern Africa, with strong growth in populations in Botswana, Zimbabwe and Namibia. For populations showing positive trends, we have had active stewardship and management by the governments or outside groups that have taken on a management role," Wittemyer said.

The study did not track a continent-wide population tally because the various surveys employed different methodologies over different time frames to estimate local elephant population density, making a unified head count impossible. Instead, it assessed population trends at each of the surveyed sites.

A population estimate by conservationists conducted separately from this study put the two species combined at between 415,000 and 540,000 elephants as of 2016, the last year of the study period. It remains the most recent comprehensive continent-wide estimate.

"The loss of large mammals is a significant ecological issue for Africa and the planet," said conservation ecologist and study co-author Dave Balfour, a research associate in the Centre for African Conservation Ecology at Nelson Mandela University in South Africa.

The world's third extant elephant species, the slightly smaller Asian elephant, faces its own population crisis, with similar factors at play as in Africa.

Of African elephants, Wittemyer said, "While the trends are not good, it is important to recognize the successes we have had and continue to have. Learning how and where we can be successful in conserving elephants is as important as recognizing the severity of the decline they have experienced."

Wittemyer added of these elephants: "Not only one of the most sentient and intelligent species we share the planet with, but also an incredibly important part of ecosystems in Africa that structures the balance between forest and grasslands, serves as a critical disperser of seeds, and is a species on which a multitude of other species depend on for survival."