Iceland Volcano Erupts Again but Spares Grindavik for Now

A volcano erupts, near Vogar, Iceland, August 22, 2024 in this picture obtained from social media. GISLI OLAFSSON/via REUTERS
A volcano erupts, near Vogar, Iceland, August 22, 2024 in this picture obtained from social media. GISLI OLAFSSON/via REUTERS
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Iceland Volcano Erupts Again but Spares Grindavik for Now

A volcano erupts, near Vogar, Iceland, August 22, 2024 in this picture obtained from social media. GISLI OLAFSSON/via REUTERS
A volcano erupts, near Vogar, Iceland, August 22, 2024 in this picture obtained from social media. GISLI OLAFSSON/via REUTERS

A volcano in southwestern Iceland erupted Thursday evening for the sixth time since December, spewing red lava through a new fissure on the Reykjanes Peninsula, The Associated Press reported.
The eruption began shortly after 9 p.m. following a series of strong earthquakes and within the hour a 4-kilometer fissure cut through the Sundhnúkur crater.
Iceland authorities say the eruption’s effects remain localized with road closures but do not threaten the population.
Halldór Björnsson, head of weather and climate at the Norwegian Meteorological Agency, told the Icelandic news portal Vísir, that unlike previous eruptions, the lava flow is not heading for the town of Grindavik that was largely evacuated in December when the volcano came to life after being dormant for 800 years.
Magnús Tuma Guðmundsson, a geophysicist, who flew over the eruption centers this evening told the website that “if this continues like this, Grindavík is not in danger because of this. Of course, we don’t know what will happen in the near future, but it is likely that this has reached its peak and then it will start to subside like the other eruptions.”
As news of the eruption spread, hundreds of curious onlookers drove to nearby vantage points for a view of the stunning natural phenomenon that has become a key tourism attraction, AP said.
“We just thought that it was the northern lights," said Mahnoor Ali, visiting from Maryland in the US. "It’s like the coolest thing I’ve seen in my whole life, honestly.”
Friends Ameerul Awalludin from Malaysia and Shohei Miyamito from Japan were with an Icelandic friend when they heard the news and quickly rushed to near the eruption.
“We have like a volcano as well," said Miyamito, but “we cannot see lava like this.”
The eruption is not expected to impact air travel.



Chinese Scientists Use Lunar Soil to Produce Water

Using the new method, one tonne of lunar soil will be able to produce about 51-76 kg of water - EPA
Using the new method, one tonne of lunar soil will be able to produce about 51-76 kg of water - EPA
TT

Chinese Scientists Use Lunar Soil to Produce Water

Using the new method, one tonne of lunar soil will be able to produce about 51-76 kg of water - EPA
Using the new method, one tonne of lunar soil will be able to produce about 51-76 kg of water - EPA

Chinese scientists have discovered a "brand-new method" of producing large quantities of water using lunar soil brought back from a 2020 expedition, state broadcaster CCTV reported on Thursday.

In 2020, China's Chang'e-5 mission marked the first time humans retrieved lunar samples in 44 years. Researchers from the state-run Chinese Academy of Sciences discovered that the minerals in this 'moon soil' contain large amounts of hydrogen, which reacts with other elements when heated to very high temperatures, producing water vapour, CCTV reported, according to Reuters.

"After three years of in-depth research and repeated verification, a brand-new method of using lunar soil to produce large amounts of water was discovered, which is expected to provide important design basis for the construction of future lunar scientific research stations and space stations," said CCTV.

The discovery could have important implications for China's decades-long project of building a permanent lunar outpost amid a US-China race to find and mine the moon's resources.

NASA head Bill Nelson has repeatedly raised the alarm about the rapid advances in China's space program and the possibility of Beijing dominating the most resource-rich locations on the moon.

Using the new method, one tonne of lunar soil will be able to produce about 51-76 kg of water, equivalent to more than a hundred 500ml bottles of water, or the daily drinking water consumption of 50 people, the state broadcaster said.

China hopes that recent and future lunar expeditions will set the foundations to build the International Lunar Research Station (ILRS), an initiative it is co-leading with Russia.

China's space agency has set 2035 as the date by when a "basic station" on the moon's south pole will be built, with a moon-orbiting space station added by 2045.

The announcement of the discovery comes at a time when Chinese scientists are already conducting experiments on lunar samples brought back in June by the Chang'e-6 mission.

While the Chang'e-5 mission brought back samples from the near side of the moon, Chang'e-6 retrieved lunar soil from the far side of the moon, which perpetually faces away from the Earth.

The importance of lunar water goes beyond making permanent human presence viable. NASA's Nelson told NPR in May that water found on the moon could be used to create hydrogen rocket fuel which could fuel further space exploration to Mars and other destinations.