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Father of Chemistry Honored at King Salman Science Oasis

Jabir ibn Hayyan conducted experiments and discovered essential chemical compounds that continue to be used today - SPA
Jabir ibn Hayyan conducted experiments and discovered essential chemical compounds that continue to be used today - SPA
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Father of Chemistry Honored at King Salman Science Oasis

Jabir ibn Hayyan conducted experiments and discovered essential chemical compounds that continue to be used today - SPA
Jabir ibn Hayyan conducted experiments and discovered essential chemical compounds that continue to be used today - SPA

Jabir ibn Hayyan, a renowned Muslim scientist, known as the "father of chemistry" for his pioneering contributions to the field is being honored at the STEAM 2024 Science and Technology Festival at the King Salman Science Oasis.
Born in 721AD, he conducted experiments and discovered essential chemical compounds that continue to be used today.
The renowned scholar Ibn Khaldun recognized Ibn Hayyan's immense contributions, referring to him as "the imam of chemistry writers". In fact, chemistry itself was sometimes called "the science of Jabir" in honor of his groundbreaking work, according to SPA.
Ibn Hayyan's innovative work, including the distillation process, significantly impacted the development of chemistry both in the Islamic world and in the West.
His writings were translated into Latin to spread knowledge and ideas far and wide.
Among his notable discoveries are hydrochloric acid (spirit of salt), sulfuric acid (oil of vitriol), gold water (royal water), and silver nitrate (hell's stone). He also explored practical applications of chemistry, such as steel production, waterproofing, and artificial pearl creation.

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Rwanda and WHO Declare End of Marburg Outbreak after No New Cases Reported

In this Oct. 8, 2014 photo, a medical worker from the Infection Prevention and Control unit wearing full protective equipment carries a meal to an isolation tent housing a man being quarantined after coming into contact in Uganda with a carrier of the Marburg Virus, at the Kenyatta National Hospital in Nairobi, Kenya. (AP)
In this Oct. 8, 2014 photo, a medical worker from the Infection Prevention and Control unit wearing full protective equipment carries a meal to an isolation tent housing a man being quarantined after coming into contact in Uganda with a carrier of the Marburg Virus, at the Kenyatta National Hospital in Nairobi, Kenya. (AP)
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Rwanda and WHO Declare End of Marburg Outbreak after No New Cases Reported

In this Oct. 8, 2014 photo, a medical worker from the Infection Prevention and Control unit wearing full protective equipment carries a meal to an isolation tent housing a man being quarantined after coming into contact in Uganda with a carrier of the Marburg Virus, at the Kenyatta National Hospital in Nairobi, Kenya. (AP)
In this Oct. 8, 2014 photo, a medical worker from the Infection Prevention and Control unit wearing full protective equipment carries a meal to an isolation tent housing a man being quarantined after coming into contact in Uganda with a carrier of the Marburg Virus, at the Kenyatta National Hospital in Nairobi, Kenya. (AP)

The World Health Organization and the Rwandan government on Friday declared the outbreak in Rwanda of the Ebola-like Marburg fever over after no new cases were registered in recent weeks.

The country first declared the outbreak on Sept. 27 and reported a total of 15 deaths and 66 cases, with the majority of those affected healthcare workers who handled the first patients.

Without treatment, Marburg can be fatal in up to 88% of people who fall ill with the disease. Symptoms include fever, muscle pains, diarrhea, vomiting and, in some cases, death through extreme blood loss.

There is no authorized vaccine or treatment for Marburg, though Rwanda received hundreds of doses of a vaccine under trial in October.

An outbreak is considered over after 42 days — two 21-day incubation cycles of the virus — elapsed without registering new cases and all existing cases test negative.

Rwanda discharged the last Marburg patient on Nov. 8 and had reported no new confirmed cases since Oct. 30.

However, WHO officials and Rwanda's Health Minister Dr. Sabin Nzanzimana on Friday said risks remain and that people should stay vigilant.

“We believe it’s not completely over because we still face risks, especially from bats. We are continuing to build new strategies, form new health teams, and deploy advanced technologies to track their movements, understand their behavior, and monitor who is interacting with them,” the minister announced during a press conference in the capital, Kigali.

Like Ebola, the Marburg virus is believed to originate in fruit bats and spreads between people through close contact with the bodily fluids of infected individuals or with surfaces, such as contaminated bed sheets.

“I thank the government of Rwanda, its leadership and Rwandans in general for the strong response to achieve this success but the battle continues,” said the WHO representative in Rwanda, Dr. Brain Chirombo.

Marburg outbreaks and individual cases have in the past been recorded in Tanzania, Equatorial Guinea, Angola, Congo, Kenya, South Africa, Uganda and Ghana.

The virus was first identified in 1967 after it caused simultaneous outbreaks of disease in laboratories in the German city of Marburg and in Belgrade in the former Yugoslavia. Seven people died after being exposed to the virus while conducting research on monkeys.