Gaza Conflict Shakes European Institutions

European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen listens to Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu in Tel Aviv on Friday (DPA)
European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen listens to Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu in Tel Aviv on Friday (DPA)
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Gaza Conflict Shakes European Institutions

European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen listens to Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu in Tel Aviv on Friday (DPA)
European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen listens to Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu in Tel Aviv on Friday (DPA)

The Gaza conflict has the potential to worsen the crisis within European institutions due to significant differences in positions on Israel's actions, a lack of coordination, and conflicting statements by senior officials.

These divisions revolve around Israel’s alleged non-compliance with rules of war and violations of international humanitarian law, particularly in targeting civilians and disrupting essential services.

A high-level European official told Asharq Al-Awsat that statements made by the President of the European Commission, Ursula von der Leyen, in Israel on Friday evening were as close as they could get to “grandstanding... and irresponsible.”

Von der Leyen, who visited Israel with the President of the European Parliament, Roberta Metsola, gave her statements after meeting with Israeli President Isaac Herzog.

“It is not Israel's right to defend itself alone, but it is its duty to protect its citizens and defend them,” said Von der Leyen.

She refrained from criticizing the warning issued by the Israeli government to half of Gaza’s population, instructing them to evacuate their homes within 24 hours, and she did not call for the opening of a secure crossing to deliver humanitarian aid to the besieged population under bombardment.

Informed diplomatic sources have verified that Von der Leyen’s silence regarding the swiftly evolving events in Gaza and her statements during her Israel visit have caused tension within the European Commission and other European institutions.

These organizations, while supporting Israel's right to self-defense, have stressed the importance of adhering to international law and the laws of war.

The European Commissioner for Crisis Management in the Von der Leyen Commission, Janez Lenarcic, had posted on his social media accounts that the Gaza blockade violates international law, following similar statements made by the EU’s High Representative for Foreign Affairs, Josep Borrell, last Tuesday.

While European officials expressed surprise at Von der Leyen’s stance, they pointed out that even US Secretary of State Antony Blinken had recently emphasized the importance of Israel's response adhering to the principle of “proportionality.”

Furthermore, Von der Leyen’s position contradicts statements from European Union foreign ministers who called for respect for international humanitarian law, ensuring the delivery of water, food, and electricity to Gaza, and facilitating the entry of humanitarian aid.

German Foreign Minister Annalena Baerbock also called for the protection of civilian populations and the provision of essential services during her visit to Israel on Friday.

Sources speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat noted that Von der Leyen’s stance on the blockade imposed on Gaza and the indiscriminate bombing it faces contradicts her previous position when the Russian army besieged the city of Mariupol in Ukraine.

This inconsistency is seen as detrimental to Europe's role in the region and as an overstep of her authority in foreign policy, which falls under the responsibility of Borrell.



UN Chief and Pope Call for Nations to End the Use of Antipersonnel Land Mines

United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres speaks during a press conference at the United Nations Climate Change Conference COP29 in Baku, Azerbaijan, 21 November 2024. (EPA)
United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres speaks during a press conference at the United Nations Climate Change Conference COP29 in Baku, Azerbaijan, 21 November 2024. (EPA)
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UN Chief and Pope Call for Nations to End the Use of Antipersonnel Land Mines

United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres speaks during a press conference at the United Nations Climate Change Conference COP29 in Baku, Azerbaijan, 21 November 2024. (EPA)
United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres speaks during a press conference at the United Nations Climate Change Conference COP29 in Baku, Azerbaijan, 21 November 2024. (EPA)

The UN head, Pope Francis and others called Monday for nations to end the production and use of land mines, even as their deployment globally grows.

UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said in a message to delegates at the fifth review of the International Mine Ban Treaty, also known as the Ottawa Convention, that 25 years after it went into force some parties had renewed the use of antipersonnel mines and some are falling behind in their commitments to destroy the weapons.

“I call on states parties to meet their obligations and ensure compliance to the convention, while addressing humanitarian and developmental impacts through financial and technical support,” Guterres said at the opening of the conference in Cambodia.

“I also encourage all states that have not yet acceded to the convention to join the 164 that have done so. A world without anti-personnel mines is not just possible. It is within reach.”

In a statement read on behalf of Pope Francis, his deputy Cardinal Pietro Parolin said that antipersonnel land mines and victim-activated explosive devices continue to be used. Even after many years of hostilities, “these treacherous devices continue to cause terrible suffering to civilians, especially children.”

“Pope Francis urges all states that have not yet done so to accede to the convention, and in the meantime to cease immediately the production and use of land mines,” he said.

The treaty was signed in 1997 and went into force in 1999, but nearly three dozen countries have not acceded to it, including some key current and past producers and users of land mines such as the United States, China, India, Pakistan, South Korea and Russia.

In a report released last week by Landmine Monitor, the international watchdog said land mines were still actively being used in 2023 and 2024 by Russia, Myanmar, Iran and North Korea. It added that non-state armed groups in at least five places — Colombia, India, Myanmar, Pakistan and the Gaza Strip — had used mines as well, and there were claims of their use in more than a half dozen countries in or bordering the Sahel region of Africa.

At least 5,757 people were killed and wounded by land mines and unexploded ordnance last year, primarily civilians of whom a third were children, Landmine Monitor reported.

Landmine Monitor said Russia had been using antipersonnel mines “extensively” in Ukraine, and just a week ago, the US, which has been providing Ukraine with anti-tank mines throughout the war, announced it would start providing Kyiv with antipersonnel mines as well to try and stall Russian progress on the battlefield.

“Antipersonnel mines represent a clear and present danger for civilians,” Guterres said in his statement. “Even after fighting stops, these horrifying and indiscriminate weapons can remain, trapping generations of people in fear.”

He praised Cambodia for its massive demining efforts and for sharing its experience with others and contributing to UN peacekeeping missions.

Cambodia was one of the world's most mine-affected countries after three decades of war and disorder that ended in 1998, with some 4 million to 6 million mines or unexploded munitions littering the country.

Its efforts to rid the country of mines has been enormous, and Landmine Monitor said Cambodia and Croatia accounted for 75% of all land cleared of mines in 2023, with more than 200 square kilometers (80 square miles).

Prime Minister Hun Manet joined the calls for more nations to join the Mine Ban Treaty, and thanked the international community for supporting Cambodia's mine clearance efforts. He said they have reduced land mine casualties from more than 4,300 in 1996 to fewer than 100 annually over the last decade.

“Cambodia has turned its tragic history into a powerful lesson for the world, advocating against the use of anti-personnel mines and highlighting their long-term consequences,” he said.