Saudi Arabia Leads G20 with Booming Job Market Performance

People attend a job fair organized by the Human Resources Development Fund. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
People attend a job fair organized by the Human Resources Development Fund. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
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Saudi Arabia Leads G20 with Booming Job Market Performance

People attend a job fair organized by the Human Resources Development Fund. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
People attend a job fair organized by the Human Resources Development Fund. (Asharq Al-Awsat)

Saudi Arabia has made significant strides in increasing employment and modernizing work patterns in recent years. As a result, the Kingdom led the G20 in workforce participation rates from 2016 to 2021, driven by a strong local market.

According to recent data from the General Authority for Statistics (GASTAT), the unemployment rate for Saudis fell to 7.6% in early 2024, down from 7.8% at the end of 2023. This brings it closer to the Vision 2030 goal of 7%.

A new report from the National Labor Observatory showed Saudi Arabia’s workforce participation rose from 55% in 2016 to 61.2% in 2021, the highest increase among G20 countries. Japan followed with a smaller increase of 2.2 percentage points.

The report noted that female workforce growth in Saudi Arabia was 5.5%, significantly higher than Australia’s 2.1% and other G20 nations. Male workforce growth was 1.7%, ahead of Australia’s 1.5% and other G20 countries.

Saudi Arabia’s workforce is growing due to several factors: initiatives promoting female participation, a large young population, and strong economic growth.

For people aged 25 and older, Saudi Arabia’s workforce participation rate is 70%, second only to Indonesia’s 72%.

The report also showed Saudi Arabia has the second-highest male workforce participation rate in the G20, following Indonesia.

Moreover, Saudi Arabia is one of the top ten G20 countries for employment, with a rate of 57%. The Kingdom has also achieved the highest increase in female employment, rising by 10% from 2016 to 2021. Male employment remains high at 76%.

The National Labor Observatory credits this growth to targeted strategies for developing skills, aligning education with job market needs, and supporting job creation and localization.

Additional factors include preparing workers for technological changes, promoting modern work options, like remote and flexible jobs, and improving support programs, such as income assistance and social protection.

Experts told Asharq Al-Awsat that new policies and programs have significantly improved the Saudi labor market, increasing opportunities for both citizens and residents.

Badr Al-Anzi, a board member of the Saudi Human Resources Society, told Asharq Al-Awsat that new work options like remote and flexible jobs have helped many people join the workforce.

Recent government regulations, including new rules for flexible work, are expected to further increase employment and support the Kingdom’s future goals.

Al-Anzi noted that the latest changes in flexible work regulations are part of ongoing efforts by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development to review rules, support businesses, protect workers, and make the job market more flexible and appealing.

He added that the government’s focus on creating more job opportunities and providing additional work options has led to higher workforce participation, helping Saudi Arabia top the G20 in employment rates from 2016 to 2021.

Majd Al-Mohamade, former vice president of the national labor committee, told Asharq Al-Awsat that Saudi Arabia leads the G20 in workforce participation, and that this success is attributed to its attractive job market and modern work patterns, which draw in more talent.

Al-Mohamade also noted that the arrival of foreign companies and their establishment of regional headquarters in Saudi Arabia has created new job opportunities and attracted skilled workers.

He praised initiatives from the Human Resources Development Fund that encourage the private sector to hire local talent.

He added that ongoing efforts by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development to localize various professions are boosting job availability and helping lower the unemployment rate.

Job growth in the tourism sector and increased employment for women are major factors contributing to the overall decrease in unemployment rates, including a significant drop in female unemployment, he remarked.



US Tariffs Could Slow China's Growth to 4.5% in 2025

People walk past a billboard which reads I love Beijing, Happy New Year at 798 art district, ahead of the upcoming Lunar New Year, marking the Year of the Snake, in Beijing on January 14, 2025. (Photo by JADE GAO / AFP)
People walk past a billboard which reads I love Beijing, Happy New Year at 798 art district, ahead of the upcoming Lunar New Year, marking the Year of the Snake, in Beijing on January 14, 2025. (Photo by JADE GAO / AFP)
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US Tariffs Could Slow China's Growth to 4.5% in 2025

People walk past a billboard which reads I love Beijing, Happy New Year at 798 art district, ahead of the upcoming Lunar New Year, marking the Year of the Snake, in Beijing on January 14, 2025. (Photo by JADE GAO / AFP)
People walk past a billboard which reads I love Beijing, Happy New Year at 798 art district, ahead of the upcoming Lunar New Year, marking the Year of the Snake, in Beijing on January 14, 2025. (Photo by JADE GAO / AFP)

China's economic growth is likely to slow to 4.5% in 2025 and cool further to 4.2% in 2026, a Reuters poll showed, with policymakers poised to roll out fresh stimulus measures to soften the blow from impending US tariff hikes.

Gross domestic product (GDP) likely grew 4.9% in 2024 - largely meeting the government's annual growth target of around 5%, helped by stimulus measures and strong exports, according to the median forecasts of 64 economists polled by Reuters.

But the world's second-largest economy faces heightened trade tensions with the United States as President-elect Donald Trump, who has proposed hefty tariffs on Chinese goods, is set to return to the White House next week.

“Potential US tariff hikes are the biggest headwind for China's growth this year, and could affect exports, corporate capex and household consumption,” analysts at UBS said in a note.

“We (also) foresee property activity continuing to fall in 2025, though with a smaller drag on growth.”

Growth likely improved to 5.0% in the fourth quarter from a year earlier, quickening from the third-quarter's 4.6% pace as a flurry of support measures began to kick in, the poll showed.

On a quarterly basis, the economy is forecast to grow 1.6% in the fourth quarter, compared with 0.9% in July-September, the poll showed.

The government is due to release fourth-quarter and full-year GDP data, along with December activity data, on Friday.

China's economy has struggled for traction since a post-pandemic rebound quickly fizzled out, with a protracted property crisis, weak demand and high local government debt levels weighing heavily on activity, souring both business and consumer confidence.

Policymakers have unveiled a blitz of stimulus measures since September, including cuts in interest rates and banks' reserve requirements ratios (RRR) and a 10 trillion yuan ($1.36 trillion) municipal debt package.

They have also expanded a trade-in scheme for consumer goods such as appliances and autos, helping to revive retail sales.

Analysts expect more stimulus to be rolled out this year, but say the scope and size of China's moves may depend on how quickly and aggressively Trump implements tariffs or other punitive measures.

More stimulus on the cards

At an agenda-setting meeting in December, Chinese leaders pledged to increase the budget deficit, issue more debt and loosen monetary policy to support economic growth in 2025.

Leaders have agreed to maintain an annual growth target of around 5% for this year, backed by a record high budget deficit ratio of 4% and 3 trillion yuan in special treasury bonds, Reuters has reported, citing sources.

The government is expected to unveil growth targets and stimulus plans during the annual parliament meeting in March.

Faced with mounting economic risks and deflationary pressures, top leaders in December ditched their 14-year-old “prudent” monetary policy stance for a “moderately loose” posture.

China's central bank is expected to deploy its most aggressive monetary tactics in a decade this year as it tries to revive the economy, but in doing so it risks quickly exhausting its firepower. It has already had to repeatedly shore up its defense of the yuan currency as downward pressure pushes it to 16-month lows.

Analysts polled by Reuters expected the central bank to cut the seven-day reverse repo rate, its key policy rate, by 10 basis points in the first quarter, leading to a same cut in the one-year loan prime rate (LPR) - the benchmark lending rate.

The PBOC may also cut the weighted average reserve requirement ratio (RRR) for banks by at least 25 basis points in the first quarter, the poll showed, after two cuts in 2024.

Consumer inflation will likely pick up to 0.8% in 2025 from 0.2% in 2024, and rise further to 1.4% in 2026, the poll showed.