African Leaders in Beijing Eyeing Big Loans and Investment

People pass by signage for the Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) in Beijing, China, 01 September 2024. (EPA)
People pass by signage for the Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) in Beijing, China, 01 September 2024. (EPA)
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African Leaders in Beijing Eyeing Big Loans and Investment

People pass by signage for the Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) in Beijing, China, 01 September 2024. (EPA)
People pass by signage for the Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) in Beijing, China, 01 September 2024. (EPA)

African leaders descend on China's capital this week, seeking funds for big-ticket infrastructure projects as they eye mounting great power competition over resources and influence on the continent.

China has expanded ties with African nations in the past decade, furnishing them with billions in loans that have helped build infrastructure but also sometimes stoked controversy by saddling countries with huge debts.

China has sent hundreds of thousands of workers to Africa to build its megaprojects, while tapping the continent's vast natural resources including copper, gold, lithium and rare earth minerals.

Beijing has said this week's China-Africa forum will be its largest diplomatic event since the Covid-19 pandemic, with leaders of South Africa, Nigeria, Kenya and other nations confirmed to attend and dozens of delegations expected.

African countries were "looking to tap the opportunities in China for growth", Ovigwe Eguegu, a policy analyst at consultancy Development Reimagined, told AFP.

China, the world's number two economy, is Africa's largest trading partner, with bilateral trade hitting $167.8 billion in the first half of this year, according to Chinese state media.

Beijing's loans to African nations last year were their highest in five years, research by the Chinese Loans to Africa Database found. Top borrowers were Angola, Ethiopia, Egypt, Nigeria and Kenya.

But analysts said an economic slowdown in China has made Beijing increasingly reluctant to shell out big sums.

China has also resisted offering debt relief, even as some African nations have struggled to repay their loans -- in some cases being forced to slash spending on vital public services.

Since the last China-Africa forum six years ago, "the world experienced a lot of changes, including Covid, geopolitical tension and now these economic challenges", Tang Xiaoyang of Beijing's Tsinghua University told AFP.

The "old model" of loans for "large infrastructure and very rapid industrialization" is simply no longer feasible, he said.

The continent is a key node in Beijing's Belt and Road Initiative, a massive infrastructure project and central pillar of Xi Jinping's bid to expand China's clout overseas.

The BRI has channeled much-needed investment to African countries for projects like railways, ports and hydroelectric plants.

But critics charge Beijing with saddling nations with debt and funding infrastructure projects that damage the environment.

One project in Kenya, a $5 billion railway -- built with finance from Exim Bank of China -- connects the capital Nairobi with the port city of Mombasa.

But a second phase meant to continue the line to Uganda never materialized, as both countries struggled to repay BRI debts.

In central Africa, Western and Chinese firms are racing to secure access to rare minerals.

The continent has rich deposits of manganese, cobalt, nickel and lithium -- crucial for renewable energy technology.

The Moanda region of Gabon alone contains as much as a quarter of known global reserves of manganese, and South Africa accounts for 37 percent of global output of the metal.

Cobalt mining is dominated by the Democratic Republic of Congo, which accounts for 70 percent of the world total. But in terms of processing, China is the leader, at 50 percent.

Mounting geopolitical tensions between the United States and China, which are clashing over everything from the status of self-ruled Taiwan to trade, also weigh on Africa.

Washington has warned against what it sees as Beijing's malign influence.

In 2022, the White House said China sought to "advance its own narrow commercial and geopolitical interests (and) undermine transparency and openness".

Beijing insists it does not want a new cold war with Washington but rather seeks "win-win" cooperation, promoting development while profiting from boosted trade.

"We do not just give aid, give them help," Tsinghua University's Tang said.

"We are just partners with you while you are developing. We are also benefiting from it."

But analysts fear African nations could be forced to pick sides.

"African countries lack leverage against China," Development Reimagined's Eguegu said.

"Some people... think you can use the US to balance China," he said. "You cannot."



Cityscape Global in Saudi Arabia to Introduce Over 100,000 Housing Units

Photo from the second edition of the Cityscape Global Exhibition in Riyadh (SPA)
Photo from the second edition of the Cityscape Global Exhibition in Riyadh (SPA)
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Cityscape Global in Saudi Arabia to Introduce Over 100,000 Housing Units

Photo from the second edition of the Cityscape Global Exhibition in Riyadh (SPA)
Photo from the second edition of the Cityscape Global Exhibition in Riyadh (SPA)

The Cityscape Global exhibition, set to open on Monday in Riyadh, is expected to introduce more than 100,000 housing units, financing options with interest rates starting at 2.59%, and discounts of up to SAR 100,000 (around $26,600) on various projects. The event will also feature one of the largest real estate auctions in the Middle East, with an estimated value exceeding SAR 1 billion ($266.6 million).
This announcement was made by Abdullah Al-Hammad, CEO of the General Real Estate Authority, during the Cityscape Global introductory meeting held on Thursday in the Saudi capital.
Al-Hammad emphasized that Saudi Arabia’s hosting of this major real estate event reflects the economic momentum the Kingdom is experiencing under Vision 2030.
He explained that the exhibition will play a key role in showcasing investment opportunities by providing comprehensive insights into real estate market trends, noting that the Kingdom is witnessing unprecedented growth in real estate and economic projects.
The exhibition will primarily focus on the Kingdom’s mega-projects, with participation from over 400 exhibitors, 100 institutional investors, and more than 500 leaders from the global real estate sector.
He added that this major gathering will facilitate access to diverse investment opportunities within Saudi Arabia’s real estate market, thus boosting foreign investment, diversifying the national economy, and supporting sustainable development.
Al-Hammad highlighted that the previous Cityscape exhibition attracted over 160,000 visitors and secured investment projects and agreements valued at over SAR 110 billion ($29 billion), including $19 billion in foreign investments. This year, the second edition is expected to see a 50% increase in transactions, projects, and agreements.
Abdulrahman Altawil, the Deputy Minister for Residential Supply Stimulus and Real Estate Development, told Asharq Al-Awsat that this major real estate event will host leading global names from various areas of the real estate industry, including development, design, and operations.
“A large number of international real estate developers are expected to participate in the event, with over 10 developers already launching projects in Saudi Arabia. The aim is to attract even more developers in partnership with local counterparts”, Altawil said.
Altawil noted that Saudi Arabia’s real estate and investment environment is highly attractive, providing promising and accessible opportunities for investors. He mentioned that the ministry is working to create a diversified landscape focused on attracting global companies to invest in the Kingdom.
The exhibition will feature a selection of experts and CEOs and will include a Real Estate Investors Forum, hosting 150 investors from 22 countries. This event aims to strengthen collaboration on investment projects, establishing itself as a key center for opportunities and investment.